Category: History

In the life of the peoples of medieval Europe, the church played an exceptionally important role. She defined the life of a person from his birth to death, “kept him in constant fear for the fate of his soul after death.” Under the control of the church were not only the lower social classes, but…

At the time of the Interregnum, the German throne was not empty: it was bought by foreign princes and monarchs. Nevertheless, there was no supreme power in the state. In Germany, there were about a hundred principalities, mostly bishops. All of them were independent of the emperor, and some in general were vassals of foreign…

In the X-XV centuries. with the aim of dissociating themselves from the old monastic associations, in which the discipline decayed, dozens of new monastic unions were formed in the Catholic Church. They were called Orders. Each order had its own Charter. Supervised by the Order of the Grand Master or General, they were selected by…

Although the flame of the popular uprising and managed to pay off, but before the changes for the better it was still far away. The country looked like a disturbed beehive. In it, uprisings of townspeople and peasants flared up, at times more formidable than Jacquerie. The English still defeated in the war. In 1415,…

Settled on the territory of the Roman Empire, the Germans found there a more perfect than theirs, the state system, their leaders liked the powerful power of the emperors. But the German kings, future kings, could not immediately abandon the people’s congregation and the council of elders. To create a state with strong power, the…

England demanded a colossal ransom for King John II of Good. The General States were called, as was to be the case, so that they agreed to collect the redemption amount. But the General States this time showed a character – demanded that the collection of taxes be carried out under their control and that…

Dependence on secular power reduced the moral standards of the clergy and church discipline. Monastic regulations were not observed, monasticism degenerated, monks were looked upon as ignoramuses and idlers. This led to monasticism in the movement for the reform of monasteries, the rise of the role of the clergy and the liberation of the church…

Russia split into separate princedoms very inopportunely when the great Eurasian steppe came to life, where many nomadic tribes lived. At the beginning of the XIII century. the Mongols of Central Asia chose Khan Temucin as their talented commander and organizer. He was called Genghis Khan – “the ruler of the world.” Thus, a young…

The supreme power in the Byzantine Empire belonged to the basileus, surrounded by honors and luxury. However, it was not easy to stay on the throne in Byzantium: most emperors lost power as a result of conspiracies and riots. If the conspirators won, they were not tried. During the 1122 years of the empire’s existence,…

People study the past in order to better understand the present, make fewer annoying mistakes and, as far as possible, foresee the future. But does the Middle Ages have any relation to the present? It turns out, has, and the most direct. It was in the Middle Ages that modern states and peoples appeared in…