Feudal castle in medieval Europe

At the end of IX c. in Europe, the construction of feudal castles begins. They were built not only by rich lords, but also by middle-class feudal lords. The massive construction of the castles

The emergence of medieval towns

In the X-XI centuries. there is a revival of old and the emergence of new urban centers. This was predetermined by important economic processes, primarily the development of agriculture. During this period, the Bipolis

Medieval heresies. The Inquisition

The church became very rich. The higher clergy bathed in luxury, the laity called for living in poverty. For many, this provoked a protest. XII century. From a revelatory speech against the shortcomings of

The beginning of a religious war. Prerequisites of the Crusades 1096-1270 biennium

In the middle of the XI century. Pope Gregory VII with an iron hand brought order in the Catholic Church. He resolutely demanded that kings and big feudal lords should not interfere in church

The Crusades of the 11th-13th centuries

The growth of the political influence of the papacy was particularly evident in the organization of the Crusades to the East. At the end of the XI century. Christian pilgrims lost the opportunity to

Michelangelo Buonarroti

Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael died almost simultaneously. The third brilliant master of the high Renaissance, Michelangelo Buonarroti, has outlived his great contemporaries. The first half of his work takes place in the same

Clothing and footwear in medieval Europe

Medieval Europeans dressed warmer than the Romans, because the climate in Europe was colder, besides, the church considered the body “sinful” and demanded to carefully cover it. Europeans managed only with outer clothing. The

European culture of the early Middle Ages

At the heart of medieval culture is a combination of ancient heritage and traditions of barbarian peoples. Christianity fell by force, which managed to unite them. At the turn of the V-VI centuries. the

Schools of medieval Europe

The first educational institutions of the Middle Ages were monastery, parafial and cathedral schools. However, they usually taught only one teacher, or a master, as his contemporaries called it. He passed the entire course

The End of the Hundred Years War and the Unification of France

Joan of Arc gave her life for France for good reason. The French gradually liberated their country from the English invaders. Charles VII entered Paris. In 1453 the English owned only the city of
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