Natural zoning


1. Natural complexes are very diverse. Which of them are called natural zones?

The natural complex of land, as well as the complex of the geographical envelope as a whole, is a heterogeneous formation and includes natural complexes of lower ranks that differ in the quality of the components of the complex of natural components. Such lower in rank are the natural zones. Having studied the map of natural zones, you can independently name these natural areas and trace the patterns of their location.

2. Highlight the main features of the concept of “natural zone”.

Each natural zone differs from others in the quality of its constituent soils, flora and fauna. And the quality of these components, in turn, depends on the characteristics of the climate, the combination of light, heat and moisture.

3. What are the features of the location of natural areas on the continents and in the ocean?

The boundaries of natural zones on land are most clearly

traced in the nature of vegetation. It is no accident that the vegetation is taken as the basis for the name of the natural areas of the land.

In the World’s oceans, natural zones are also distinguished, but the boundaries of these zones are less clear, and the basis for division into zones in the ocean is the qualitative characteristic of the water masses.

4. What is latitudinal zoning and altitude zonality?

The regularity with which natural zones are located on the surface of the Earth is called latitudinal zoning. The change in the quality of the components of the natural zone of the components occurs depending on their geographical location, especially the geographical latitude, on which the amount of heat and moisture obtained depends.

In the mountains, unlike the flat areas, the natural zones vary with altitude. The change in the natural zones from the foot of the mountains to their peaks is analogous to the change in the natural zones from the equator to the poles. The pattern of changes in natural areas with altitude in the mountains is called high-altitude zonality or high-altitude

zoning.

5. In which mountains is the largest number of high-altitude belts, in which – the smallest? Why?

The number of natural zones in the mountains depends on the geographical position of the mountains in relation to the equator and from their height. On the southern slopes of the Himalayas, virtually all natural zones are replaced: from the wet equatorial zones at the foot to the arctic deserts on the peaks. In the mountains located at higher latitudes, the number of natural areas will be less. Thus, it is possible to trace the dependence existing between the number of natural zones in the mountains and the geographical position of the mountains in relation to the equator. The reason for this pattern is the amount of heat and moisture produced.


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Natural zoning