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General information about Antarctica

The land area is 14 million km2.

The population is not permanent.

The highest point above sea level is the Vinson massif.

The average thickness of the ice cover is -2000 m.

The largest island is Berkner.

The lowest temperature is -892 ° С.

Number of states with scientific research stations -18.

The number of permanent research stations is 34 and almost the same number of seasonal ones.

Antarctica – like a huge ice floe, frozen behind the Southern Arctic Circle of the Earth. Nowhere on our planet are there such harsh natural conditions. “The Empire of the Cold,” “the pole of inaccessibility,” “uninhabited continent,” “continent without borders,” all this about Antarctica – the highest and coldest continent of the Earth. Its average height is -2040 m, and the average temperature of the warmest month is negative. It is covered with a thick layer of ice. The ice of Antarctica

contains 80% of the planet’s fresh water. Its ice helmet affects the climate of the entire southern hemisphere of the Earth. Only on this continent is it not the seasons, but the polar night and the polar day, which last for six months, are distinguished.

After the discovery of Antarctica, scientists had many questions. Has the continent always been covered with a thick layer of ice? What does the ice cap “hide” – the continent or a group of islands hide under itself? Are there deposits of minerals in the bowels of the continent? Recently, mankind has been concerned about the environmental problems of Antarctica. Above it, a “ozone hole” dangerous for living organisms was revealed. Why did it originate here, near the South Pole? Many of these mysteries of the mainland have already been solved.

There is no permanent population in Antarctica. Inhabitants of this ice boundlessness are flightless birds penguins, adapted to the harsh living conditions on the ice continent of the planet. Antarctica does not belong to any of the states. Only at scientific research stations, scientists from different countries, including Ukraine, changing every year, explore the ice sheet, the subglacial relief of the continent, minerals, climatic features, the upper atmosphere, life in coastal waters. All studies use the whole of mankind. By studying this topic, we will also raise the curtain over the secrets of the sixth continent of the planet.

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Modern studies of Antarctica In the first half of the XX century. The studies of Antarctica were episodic and were limited to individual expeditions. But from the second half of the 50’s. Regular surveys of the continent began at polar stations, which conduct a variety of scientific observations. The result of their work was the first atlas of Antarctica, […]...

Geographical position of Antarctica. Discovery and research 1. What are the features of the geographical position of Antarctica? To determine the peculiarities of the geographical position of Antarctica, study the political and physical maps of the world. Set the position of the continent in relation to the equator, the initial meridian, the Southern Circle and the South Pole. On the political map, […]...

Antarctica and Antarctica. The physico-geographical position of the continent and its coastline Physico-geographical position of the continent. Features of the nature of Antarctica are due to the unusual nature of its location on our planet. Almost all of it is located to the south of the Southern Arctic Circle. Only a small part of the continent goes beyond it. Therefore, there is a polar night and a […]...

Basic facts on the topic “Antarctica” The physico-geographical position of Antarctica is determined by its location around the South Pole within the Southern Arctic Circle. Therefore Antarctica is the coldest continent on Earth. Antarctica was opened in 1820 by a Russian expedition led by Thaddeus Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev. The members of the Norwegian expedition led by Rual Amundsen reached the […]...

Nature of Antarctica 1. What are the features of the relief of Antarctica? The nature of Antarctica is not rich and unique. The continent consists of two layers – the surface of the continent and the glacial layer, the average thickness of which is 2000 km. Imagine 40 16-story buildings set against each other! Such a glacial cap […]...

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The climate of Antarctica The climate of Antarctica is the coldest and harsh on the globe. This is primarily determined by the geographic position of the continent and a significant height above sea level. In the central part of the city there is Polar Day, half a year – Polar Night. During the Polar day, the sun does not […]...

The discovery and the first studies of Antarctica Antarctica was discovered by the last of the continents of the Earth. Even in ancient times, scientists guessed that in the high latitudes of the southern hemisphere there should be a large continent. His quest in his time led to the discovery of Australia, which was considered part of this continent. In the XVIII century. […]...

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General information about Antarctica

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