Biography of Pushkin
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin is a great Russian poet, prose writer, playwright. The author of immortal works in verse and prose: novels “Eugene Onegin”, “Dubrovsky”, famous poems “Ruslan and Lyudmila,” “The Prisoner of the Caucasus,” the novel “The Queen of Spades” and many others, as well as fairy tales for children.
Early years
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was born June 6, 1799 in Moscow in a family of untitled noble family. The mother’s great-grandfather was Abram Petrovich Hannibal, an African, who was a pupil and servant of Tsar Peter I. In the family, in addition to Alexander Sergeevich, there were several other children-Lev’s son and daughter Olga. From 1805 to 1810 Pushkin spent a lot of time with his grandmother in the village of Zakharovo outside Moscow. It was the grandmother who hired Arina Rodionovna Yakovlev, the nanny, whom young Pushkin loved so much.
Education and the beginning of the creative path
In 1811 Pushkin studied at the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. In Pushkin’s biography, it is important to single out that for the first time his poems appear in print in 1814, in the journal Vestnik Evropy, where he publishes his poem “To a Friend-Poet.” In the same period, the poet was accepted into the literary society “Arzamas”.
Voltaire and Evariste The boys were the favorite authors of the young Pushkin.
The further work of the young Pushkin was greatly influenced by the works of such classics of Russian literature as Batiushkov, Zhukovsky, Fonvizin and Radishchev.
Pushkin graduated from the Lyceum in 1817, and graduated in the rank of a college secretary of the 12th grade, after which he was appointed to the College of Foreign Affairs.
The work of the poet
In 1819 Pushkin was accepted as a member of the literary and theatrical community “Green Lamp”. In the same period, he is actively working on the poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila.”
In 1821 Pushkin wrote the poem “The Caucasian Prisoner”,
In 1832, the poet conceives to create a historical novel about the times of the Pugachevschina, for which he studies all available materials, travels around many places where the insurrection took place. After all these trips, in the autumn of 1833 he wrote “The History of Pugachev” and “Songs of the Western Slavs”, as well as the poems “Angelo” and “The Bronze Horseman”, begins work on the story “The Queen of Spades.” At the same time, Pushkin begins work on the novel “Dubrovsky”, in which the main character has to become a robber.
References
The political lyrics of Pushkin in 1817-1820. caused the wrath of Alexander I, and Alexander Sergeyevich could be exiled to Siberia. Only thanks to the efforts and influence of Karamzin, Zhukovsky and Krylov, exile to Siberia was avoided. So, in May 1820 Pushkin, under the guise of an official move, was deported to the south of Russia.
During the southern links, Pushkin was very interested in Byron’s work.
In one of his letters Pushkin ironically responded to religion. The letter was intercepted and reported to Alexander I. The result was Pushkin’s dismissal from the service and his second exile, to the Mikhailovskoye village.
Personal life
In 1830, Pushkin wooed Natalia Goncharova, and on February 18, 1831 Pushkin and Goncharova were crowned in Moscow. In the spring, the newlyweds move to Tsarskoe Selo, where they rent a dacha. In 1836, the family had four children.
Last years of life
It is important to note that in the biography of Alexander Pushkin after his promotion to the rank of junker chamber, he decides to leave the service and resigns. The position of the poet looks and at all distressed, since many works of Pushkin are not allowed to print because of censorship.
In 1834, Pushkin completed the novel “The Queen of Spades”, which he immediately sends to the Library for Reading. For the story, he receives a high fee, but to solve financial issues and can not.
In 1836, Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin decides to publish the magazine “Contemporary”. However, the magazine is not popular with the public. In the fourth volume of this magazine, the historical novel “The Captain’s Daughter” was first published.
In 1837 a conflict arose between Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin and Georges Dantes. Pushkin summons d’Anthes to a duel, and as a result gets a fatal wound in the stomach.
Emperor Nicholas I, knowing about the grave condition of the poet, promises to provide a prosperous family and pay all debts. Subsequently, the monarch fulfilled all the promises. The poet died on January 29, 1837.
Chronological table
If you need a biography of Pushkin by dates – we recommend to look at the Chronological Table of Pushkin.
Interesting Facts
- It is interesting that the future classic of Russian literature remembered himself from the age of four. Remembering this time, Pushkin said that while on a walk, he felt the vibrations of the earth. Just at this time in Moscow, the last earthquake occurred. At the same time, in the early childhood, there was the first brief meeting of Pushkin with Alexander I. Walking with the nurse, little Sasha nearly fell under the hooves of the horse of the emperor. Tragedy was avoided – Alexander restrained his horse. Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin loved books so much that he collected more than 3,500 copies in his home library. He was also a polyglot, he knew many foreign languages, among which: French, Greek, Latin, German and some others. In addition to creativity, in Pushkin’s life there were two more great passions – women and gambling. Possessing a special charm and charm, he attracted the female. The first love of the poet happened in 16 years. Since that time and for the rest of his life Pushkin had a special feeling for women. He was also an avid gambler. Because of this, the poet often got into debt. However, it was his love for cards and the need for money that spurred Pushkin to write works whose fees he sometimes paid and extinguished his debts. Pushkin was by nature a sarcastic man. His jokes and jeers at friends and contemporaries often led to duels. The poet participated in two dozen duels. In most of the matches, Alexander’s friends managed to reconcile the duels. The first duel occurred when Pushkin was still a lyceum student. The last 21st duel was fatal for him. Since that time and for the rest of his life Pushkin had a special feeling for women. He was also an avid gambler. Because of this, the poet often got into debt. However, it was his love for cards and the need for money that spurred Pushkin to write works whose fees he sometimes paid and extinguished his debts. Pushkin was by nature a sarcastic man. His jokes and jeers at friends and contemporaries often led to duels. The poet participated in two dozen duels. In most of the matches, Alexander’s friends managed to reconcile the duels. The first duel occurred when Pushkin was still a lyceum student. The last 21st duel was fatal for him. Since that time and for the rest of his life Pushkin had a special feeling for women. He was also an avid gambler. Because of this, the poet often got into debt. However, it was his love for cards and the need for money that spurred Pushkin to write works whose fees he sometimes paid and extinguished his debts. Pushkin was by nature a sarcastic man. His jokes and jeers at friends and contemporaries often led to duels. The poet participated in two dozen duels. In most of the matches, Alexander’s friends managed to reconcile the duels. The first duel occurred when Pushkin was still a lyceum student. The last 21st duel was fatal for him. fee for which he sometimes and extinguished his debts. Pushkin was by nature a sarcastic man. His jokes and jeers at friends and contemporaries often led to duels. The poet participated in two dozen duels. In most of the matches, Alexander’s friends managed to reconcile the duels. The first duel occurred when Pushkin was still a lyceum student. The last 21st duel was fatal for him. fee for which he sometimes and extinguished his debts. Pushkin was by nature a sarcastic man. His jokes and jeers at friends and contemporaries often led to duels. The poet participated in two dozen duels. In most of the matches, Alexander’s friends managed to reconcile the duels. The first duel occurred when Pushkin was still a lyceum student. The last 21st duel was fatal for him.
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