What is a consonantal hard
A great difficulty in children of primary school age is the ability to distinguish between soft and hard consonants. Obviously, they need not be memorized, but learn to hear. And for this, the child needs to tell how exactly these sounds are obtained – this will greatly facilitate his understanding.
Always soft and always firm consonants
Not all consonants in our language are both hard and soft. First, you need your child to remember those of them that are only hard: W, W, C, and also always soft: Ч, Щ, Й. For this you can, for example, make a memorial tablet where always solid consonant sounds will be painted over blue bricks, and always soft – over green cushions (the choice of color is based on how these sounds are denoted in the lower grades).
If the child will constantly see this picture, which you put in his workbook or hang over the desk, he will quickly remember these consonants.
How the vowels “command” consonants
Then
Vowel sounds “command” the consonant, who is ahead, what he should be. If these are vowels: A, O, Y, E, N, then only solid consonants are in front of them. And if it: And, E, Yu, I, E, then – soft. The soft sign also indicates the softness of the previous consonant.
In order for the child to remember this more easily, try playing with it. Suggest him to attach the index finger to the sky with the outside and say the syllables in turn, where there are soft and firm consonants. For example: TA – THOU, NA – NU. The child, thanks to this, will be able to remember exactly how a consonant sound is produced. He will understand that with the formation of a soft consonant, the tongue seems to shift forward, and its back slightly lifts to the sky. But when solid consonants are spoken, this does not
Throw the child a ball, calling the syllable with a hard consonant, and he let you return the ball, already pronouncing it with a soft one. For example: LA – LA, LO – LE, LI – LI, etc.
At school, students are encouraged to select hard and soft consonants with blue and green colors. Blue – solid, and green – soft. Cut out a few squares of red, blue and green and suggest making a mosaic of the word. Vowel sounds the child in red, solid consonants, respectively, blue, and soft – in green. Take for this small words, from one or two syllables: fish, elephant, branch, chalk, etc.
Play the “chain of words”. You pronounce the word ending in a syllable with a hard or soft consonant, and the child calls the next word that begins with this syllable. Do not forget to determine out loud which consonant, hard or soft was in this syllable: the winds – the fish – the steering wheels – the cinema, etc.
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