There was a man who was not afraid of the Meccan merchant class. It was Mohammed. He was born in Mecca around 570. Early orphaned. At the age of 25, I married a rich widow Khadija, who helped to lead the trade and who became his true companion for life. When Muhammad was about 40 … Read more
The death of Joan of Arc, as the British had hoped, did not change the course of the war. The French troops continued to advance successfully. The Burgundian Duke, realizing the hopelessness of the position of the British, hastened to reconcile with the French king. In the spring of 1436 Charles VII took Paris. He … Read more
The population of North-Eastern Russia consisted of peasants, large, medium and small landowners, clergy, and townspeople. The Russian peasantry suffered a worse fate than the West European. If in the countries of Western Europe at sunset medieval peasants were released from corvée, in Rus, on the contrary, they were enslaved. At first, the Russian peasant … Read more
The highest authority of the Germans was popular assemblies. All adult men participated in them, except for those who showed themselves to be cowards in battle. People’s congresses elected a council of elders, who alone could solve only minor matters. The Germans also had Konungs and military leaders. The konungs became due to their origin, … Read more
The word “scholasticism” comes from the Greek. “scientist” and means direction in philosophy. At first the scholastics called people involved in the school: those who study, or those who teach. In the time of Charlemagne, the word “scholastic” meant “teacher.” Since the XI century. this name has spread to those who are engaged in science, … Read more
The fragmentation and princely internecine strife undermined the power of Russia. This situation in the XIII century. took advantage of the Mongol conquerors. The Mongols lived in the steppes of Central Asia. They were nomadic tribes, breeding horses, oxen and sheep. In 1206, at the kurultai of the Mongolian nobility, the leader of one of … Read more
At dawn of the Middle Ages, the territory of Europe was inhabited by different tribes and nationalities. Among them, the formation of a future Europe was mostly influenced by the Celts. Romanesque nationalities, Thracians, Germans, Balts, Threatened Finns, Slavs, Asians and Africans, Arabs, Jews, Berbers, Turks also played a significant role. This motley and multilingual … Read more
1. How do historians determine the time of an event and what is chronology? Exploring the past, historian scholars answer time and again: When did this or that event occur? Determine the exact time of a particular event, that is, its date, helps Chronology is a science that studies ways of calculating time. Not always … Read more
1. What role in the 19th century? played Kharkov University in the development of Ukrainian culture? In the early 19th century. in the part of Ukraine that was part of the Russian Empire, there were no higher educational institutions. In 1805, through the efforts of Vasily Karazin and other public figures, a university was founded … Read more
In the Middle Ages Europe was inhabited by Greeks, Romance peoples, Celts, Thracians, Germans, Balts, Slavs, Finno-Ugrians, and Asian and African minorities. In the V-XI centuries. the tribes and peoples of Europe have already sufficiently mixed up among themselves. Medieval people were restless. The merchants, schoolchildren, students, beggars, tramps, monks, pilgrims, masters, artists, singers, etc., … Read more