History of the discovery and settlement of Australia


Surprisingly, the name of the continent arose long before its discovery. Even ancient geographers were sure that in the southern latitudes there is “Unknown Southern Earth”. It was long sought by Europeans even in those days when America was already open.

The first on the west coast of the Cape York peninsula landed in 1606, the Dutch navigator Willem Jansson. In 1642 the Dutchman Abel Tasman opened the island, later named after him. In 1644, he described the northern coast of Australia. But all this information was disclosed by the Dutch.

In 1770 the great English navigator James Cook discovered the eastern coast of Australia. The expedition approached the mainland from the side of the island of Tasmania. April 28 at 38 ° S. w. James Cook with several members of the team landed on the Australian coast. The terrain that opened to the sights of the seafarers was very picturesque. On the shore was not very dense forest, the air was unusually fresh. Freshness was given to him by the resin of eucalyptus, first described by the James Cook expedition. In late May, the seafarers opened the Great Barrier Reef. Newly discovered land James Cook declared the possession of Great Britain.

In 1814, the English navigator Matthew Flinders for the first time circumnavigated the continent by sea and proposed to call it Australia, which in Latin means “southern”. Prior to this reopening, the land was called New Holland.

The first English settlement was founded in 1788 in the southeast of Australia as a colony of convicts. Here the British government expelled criminals. Later, the city of Sydney grew up here. Actively the mainland began to be populated in the XIX century. Natives of Great Britain developed the most fertile lands in the east, displacing the aborigines in the desert regions of the continent.

Ukrainians live in Australia since 1820.


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History of the discovery and settlement of Australia