7 wonders of the world composition
The first mention of the 7 wonders of the world is found in the writings of Greek authors. These works about the majestic sights of ancient culture were very popular in the Hellenistic era. It is not surprising that the interest in these glorified creations does not fade in our day, because everyone wants to at least touch the history, feel the spirit of the past ages.
The first list of wonders of the world is attributed to Herodotus. The list appeared in Ancient Greece in the V century BC. e… All the wonders were on the island of Samos: the Aqueduct in the form of a tunnel, the Dam in the port on the island, the Temple of the goddess Hera.
Later the list expanded to seven wonders. In the III century BC. e. a new list of miracles appeared.
Seven Wonders of the World… ..septem miracula mundi… … what are they?
The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus is a majestic temple in honor of Artemis, the goddess of the moon, the patroness of animals
Two hundred years later, in 356 BC, e. the temple was burned to the ground. In pursuit of glory, Herostratus set fire to the temple, believing that in this way he would become famous. The temple of Artemis was destroyed on the very day when Alexander the Great was born. Years later, Alexander visited Ephesus and ordered the restoration of the temple in its original place.
The temple of Alexander existed until the 3rd century AD. e. Gradually, the bay in Ephesus was covered with silt and the city lost its importance. The temple was looted by the Goths, and later flooded with floods. Today, from the temple in Ephesus, only a few blocks of the base and one restored column have been preserved.
COLOSS RODOSSIAN – a giant statue of bronze, about 33 meters high, which stood in the port city of Rhodes. Rhodes is an island in the Aegean Sea, off the coast of modern Turkey. The statue was made in gratitude to Helios, the god
MAVZOLEI IN GALIKARNAS
The mausoleum is located in the city of Bodrum in Turkey.
In 352 BC. e. in the city of Halicarnassus (Asia Minor), King Mausolus died. I follow the customs of those times, the corpse of the king was burned, and the ashes were placed in a funeral urn. According to legend, the wife of King Artemisia, who cherished extraordinary love for him, decided to immortalize the memory of her husband, having built a great burial vault. The mausoleum was an unusual and majestic structure made of bricks, lined inside and outside with marble. The height of the mausoleum reached 60 meters. On the ground floor, the urn with the ashes rested. On the second floor, sacrifices were kept. The next floor was a multi-stage pyramid, and its figures were crowned by Mausol and Artemisia.
The mausoleum stood about 1800 years in the middle of a deserted city until the 15th century. when it was dismantled by the crusaders.
ALEXANDRIAN LIGHTHOUSE
Lighthouse, about 150 meters high, built at the entrance to the bay of the Egyptian city of Alexandria, on the island of Pharos. The Alexandria lighthouse was built in 299-279 BC. e. under Pharaoh Ptolemy II of Egypt. The largest and most beautiful lighthouse was at the crossroads of the sea roads, and was well known to all mariners.
The lighthouse stood for almost a thousand years, but in 796 it was badly destroyed by an earthquake. Arrived in Egypt, the Arabs tried to restore it, and by the 14th century. The height of the lighthouse was only about 30 m. At the end of the 15th century, Sultan Kite-bey erected a fortress on the site of the lighthouse, which stands now.
THE VISIBLE GARDENS OF SEMIRAMIDA
were built by order of Nebuchadnezzar for his beloved wife Amitis, who yearned for Babylon through the green hills of Media. The palace was built on an artificially created site raised to the height of a four-tier structure.
On the loose terraces resting on the vaults, hanging gardens were broken.
In the bullock carts, trees were brought to Babylon wrapped in wet matting, seeds of rare plants, grasses and bushes. Gradually grew amazing gardens and blossomed beautiful colors. To irrigate the greenery day and night hundreds of slaves served water from the Euphrates in leather bags.
Hanging gardens were destroyed by the constant floods of the Euphrates.
THE STATUE OF ZEUSA IN THE OLYMPIA
In search of a creation that would be worthy of being called a miracle, the Greeks reconsidered not a single temple of Hellas. But, alas, not a single church received this award. And only the statue of Zeus, and not the temple itself in which it was, was recognized as a miracle. The temple of Zeus with its statue was the main shrine of Olympia. The creator of the statue was Phidias, famous not only for this creature, but also for the statue of Athena in the Parthenon. The length of the temple in which the statue was located reached 64 meters, width – 28, height – 20 meters.
Zeus, sitting at the end of the hall on the throne propped his head on the ceiling. The head and the naked to the waist figure of Zeus were carved from ivory. The cloak thrown over his shoulder, the hair and beard of Zeus were made of gold. A golden wreath of olive branches on the head of Zeus served as a sign of the peace of a formidable god. In one hand, God held a statue of the winged goddess of victory, Nicky, the other leaned on a rod, culminating in the figure of an eagle.
Zeus was so great that when Phidias completed his work, he approached the statue, and asked: “Are you satisfied, Zeus?” In response, there was a thunderclap and the floor at the statue’s feet cracked. Zeus was pleased.
THE GREAT PYRAMID IN GIZE is the most ancient of the Seven Wonders of the World.
In addition, it is the only miracle that has survived to this day. Surely, many managed to see this wonder of the world.
The Great Pyramid was built as the tomb of Khufu, known to the Greeks as Cheops. He was one of the pharaohs of ancient Egypt. The creation of his tomb was completed in 2580 BC. e. Later in Giza, two more pyramids were built, for Khufu’s son and grandson, and smaller pyramids for their queens.
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