Written sources in history

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1. The main sources on the history of the Middle Ages The history of the Middle Ages is studied using numerous historical sources: architectural landmarks, material monuments, written historical sources, ethnographic sources, etc. The preserved architectural monuments seem to transfer us to the distant past. And today in many cities of Europe you can see old churches and cathedrals, castles and fortress walls, as well as […]...
2. History as a science 1. What is history and why is it important to study the history of our native land? Respect for the past is a characteristic feature of our people. About the past in Ukraine it has always been said – holy, kind. And until now, proverbs are used in the Ukrainian language: It has not become […]...
3. Oral sources of history. Scientific confirmation of the legend about the foundation of Kiev Prior to the emergence of writing, people stored the experience in an oral word: tales, legends, legends, songs, riddles, proverbs and sayings. All this variety of works is called Oral folk art, or Folklore. From folklore works, historians learn first of all about what life was like in ancient times, what people believed in, what […]...
4. Where do our knowledge of the Middle Ages come from? The Middle Ages is closer to us in time than antiquity, and therefore there are more historical sources left from it. In particular, many buildings, tools, weapons, works of art, etc., have been preserved from the Middle Ages. Some of them were discovered by archaeologists during excavations, some of them carefully preserved by descendants as […]...
5. History and folklore 1. How do historians become useful thoughts of the Cossack era? The most valuable asset of the oral folk art of the Cossack era are Historical Songs and Dumas. The dumas are called oral-poetic works about important events and outstanding figures of history, who were half-sung, half-spoken by traveling singers to musical accompaniment on bandura, […]...
6. Speech oral and written Written and oral forms of speech have different material basis: moving layers of air (sounds) – in oral speech and paint (letter) – in written speech. With this difference, the rich intonational possibilities of oral speech and the absence of those in written speech are associated. Intonation is created by the melody of speech, the […]...
7. History in symbols and signs 1. What is the value of the arms and seals for history? On coins, flags, pages of books, pictures, weapons, and sometimes on dishes and other objects, special conditional images happen. Sometimes such images are whimsical and complex: lions, leaning against city walls, eagles with outstretched wings and sharp claws, dragons and snakes, sabers, spears, […]...
8. Types of pollution of continents, oceans and their sources Pollution is understood as the entry into the environment of substances that degrade the quality of individual components of nature and cause damage to natural complexes, which is particularly detrimental to representatives of the organic world. Pollution of the natural environment, depending on the source of their origin, is divided into mechanical, chemical, physical, biological […]...
9. History on the map 1. How to use the historical map? Each event occurs not only at a certain time, but also in a certain place. Therefore, for historians it is important to navigate in space. For this purpose, Historical maps are used – reduced images of the earth’s surface, its parts or individual countries of the world. Historical […]...
10. Sources of geographical knowledge. Maps of continents and oceans Knowledge of the Earth did not arise suddenly. They accumulated for thousands of years in many countries, ranging from Sumer and Egypt. Especially the geographical knowledge expanded after the voyages of X. Columbus and F. Magellan, that is, in the era of the Great geographical discoveries. Researchers described the nature of new lands, living conditions […]...
11. Names and names in history 1. What historians can learn by name? Time has preserved for us a valuable historical source – “Register of the Army of Zaporizhia in 1649”, sealed with the handwritten signatures of Hetman Bogdan Khmelnitsky and the general clerk Ivan Vygovsky and the state seal. On 808 yellowed pages of this document contains a list of […]...
12. What is the “history of the Middle Ages”? Italian scientists back in the XV century. introduced the term “Middle Ages” or “Middle Ages”. They considered the Middle Ages a difficult page in European history, its “dark era.” Like, then, the high achievements of the Greco-Roman civilization were lost – people became uncultured, cruel, destroyed each other in numerous wars, and in their political […]...
13. What do the chronicles tell about? The most authoritative and well-known sources on the history of Kievan Rus, which help historians to restore the course of events of the past, are Chronicles. You already know that the so-called works in which the events were recorded successively for years, “from summer to summer.” Chroniclers covered, for the most part, the deeds of […]...
14. Events in history 1. Why the description of the unsuccessful campaign of Prince Igor Svyatoslavovich in 1185 remained in the memory of the descendants In the 12th century. Our lands suffered from attacks of the nomadic people – Polovtsians. A participant in the struggle against them was Novgorod the Great Prince Igor. In 1185, together with his son […]...
15. The concept of “the history of the Middle Ages” The concept of “Middle Ages” appeared in everyday life in the XV century. in the environment of Italian humanists. From literary sources it is known that it was the historian Flavio Biondo, when working on the “History of the Fall of Rome,” began to use the notion of the “Middle Ages”. The humanists perceived their […]...
16. “Why You Need to Know History” essay History – the life of people, it has evolved over many centuries. History must be known, studying history, we learn about where people came from, what were the first representatives of the human race. We learn how the behavior of a person, traditions and customs gradually changed. It helps to see the errors of the […]...
17. Chronology and periodization of the history of the Middle Ages Human society is constantly developing, becoming more complex, improving. To better reflect this forward development, the scholars agreed to divide the world history into Periods. In the XVIII century. they singled out three such periods: “antiquity”, “medievalism” and “new time”. To them was later added a fourth, “new” period. In this chain of periods in […]...
18. My favorite subject is history The tree can not grow without reliable roots. In human life, the role of these roots is played by history. We seldom think about the fact that the most ordinary items that we use every day, the language in which we communicate with each other, and much more – all these are pieces of history. […]...
19. “I want” and “I want” in the history of one hobby I once got an interesting book. It was called “Rational Reading”. Its author, Leser described in some detail the method of speed reading – “reading more quickly and thoroughly.” I looked through the book, became interested, showed my friend Igor Mateshin. He caught fire: “I want to learn how to read fast!” I replied: “I […]...
20. The first universities in Ukraine 1. What role in the 19th century? played Kharkov University in the development of Ukrainian culture? In the early 19th century. in the part of Ukraine that was part of the Russian Empire, there were no higher educational institutions. In 1805, through the efforts of Vasily Karazin and other public figures, a university was founded […]...
21. Oldest Handwritten Books The oldest Russian handwritten books that reached us date back to the beginning of the eleventh century (but scholars believe that such books could have appeared in Russia already in the 9th century, after the invention of the Slavic script). Old Russian bookishness is a separate branch of Old Russian art. According to rough estimates, […]...
22. Summary Werther is already written VP Kataev Written by Werther … He is sleeping, and he sees that he is at a suburban station and he needs to cross the canvas on which the train stopped. You need to get up, go through the tambour, and you will be on the other side. However, he discovers that there is no […]...
23. History of AK-47 AK-47 is a Russian rap group playing underground music in the style of Gangsta Rap, Hardcore Hip-Hop. Group AK-47 consists of two participants – Victor Gostyukhin and Max Brylin. Both guys grew up near Yekaterinburg, in the city of Berezovsky. Therefore, in the biography of AK 47 this city is considered the place of the […]...
24. Summary The life of Archpriest Habakkuk written by himself Avvakum The life of Archpriest Habakkuk himself written by Protopop Habakkuk wrote the life with the blessing of the monk Epiphanius, his spiritual father. A solar eclipse is a sign of God’s wrath. In Russia, the solar eclipse was in 1654, because then the Patriarch Nikon distorted the faith. Fourteen years later, a new eclipse […]...
25. People in the history of Kievan Rus 1. What groups of the population are witnessed by the sources of the times of Kievan Rus and the subsequent centuries? During the emergence of the first state on our lands – with the center in Kiev – the inhabitants of Rus were divided into certain groups. Everyone did his job: some grew bread, others […]...
26. The history of my family in the history of my country Purpose: the formation of patriotic and civic qualities of the individual on the basis of knowledge of the history of his family. – Expand the concept of family, family traditions, the importance and role of the family in human life; -Involve on emotional feelings. – To promote the formation of students’ feelings of love and […]...
27. History of Khreshchatyk and its everyday life 1. What is the history of the central street of Kiev – Khreshchatyk? In Ukraine, probably, there is no person who would not know about this street. Khreshchatik belongs to the fame of the main street of Kiev, its symbol. Khreshchatyk is sung in verse and songs, is depicted in pictures, is shown in many […]...
28. Culture of Kievan Rus The history of culture of Kievan Rus covers several centuries. The Eastern Slavs were in the political union a little less than three hundred years. However, it was during this period that their spiritual community was formed. This community still has considerable influence on the East Slavic peoples, standing apart from other Slavs and traditionally […]...
29. “Already written Werther” Kataev in summary … He is sleeping, and he sees that he is at a suburban station and he needs to cross the canvas on which the train stopped. You need to get up, go through the tambour, and you will be on the other side. However, he discovers that there is no other door, and the train […]...
30. History of the theater The theater is a spectacular art form, representing the unity of such kinds of art as literature, music, choreography, vocal and fine arts. Features: mapping and evaluation of events of reality, historical events, relationships, images and characters. Representation of ideas and morals to the viewer here occurs through a dramatic action that is produced by […]...
31. What is archeology? 1. What is archeology and how do archaeological excavations take place? Most of all secrets hide the most ancient times in the history of mankind. After all, there is too little evidence of them. Only the traces of human activity damaged by time – fragments of tools, ruins of ancient settlements, cemeteries, etc. However, such […]...
32. The history of mankind is created by labor The will and work of man are wonderful divas. N. Nekrasov The classics left us many wise statements about work, about its beauty and its joy, about its necessity and use: “Labor has created the man himself”, “Labor ennobles man,” “There can be no clean and joyful life without labor”, “Only in work is a […]...
33. A Brief History of the History of Vasilii Koriotsky Basil the Coriot, being the son of an impoverished nobleman, asks his father to let him go to the service so that he can help the family by sending part of his salary to his parents. The young man begins his career in St. Petersburg, settling down as a simple sailor. For hard work, diligence […]...
34. What does the history of the Motherland teach a person? Can the history of our country teach us something? Maybe if we want it for ourselves! If I were a history teacher, I would teach a lesson on “What lessons can we learn from the mistakes we made in the past?” In this lesson, I would tell the children about what the Russians had experienced […]...
35. How to quote verses in a composition Citations and ways of quoting Quotations are literal extracts from statements by third parties or texts. Quotations are one of the types of direct speech in the Russian language. Citation can be used in research papers and writings to reinforce the credibility of one’s own opinion by referring to more authoritative sources, which makes linguistic […]...
36. Group History Ranetki Ranetki is a rock band made up of some girls. Biographies of the girls “Ranetki” crossed in school. Five girls were fond of music, and then decided to create their own musical group. So the date of August 10, 2005 is considered the starting point in the biography of the band “Ranetki.” After all, it […]...
37. “The Tale of Bygone Years” essay Here are the stories of the past years, where the Russian land came from, who in Kiev became the first to reign and how the Russian land arose “The Tale of Bygone Years” is the earliest surviving chronicle. Refers to the beginning of the XII century. This code is known as part of a series […]...
38. Summary of “Robin Hood” Robin Hood – one of the few, together with King Arthur, the legendary hero of English ballads, who went beyond the framework of folklore and became an important cultural reality – on the topic of ballads about him are written secondary literary works, include performances, numerous films and the like. A noble robber lived with […]...
39. Ancient Russia The main source of our knowledge of ancient Russia is medieval chronicles. In the archives, libraries and museums there are several hundred, but in fact this is one book written by hundreds of authors, starting work in the 9th century and ending it seven centuries later. First you need to determine what is the record. […]...
40. Exciting page of history Let’s open only one page in the history of the Russian fleet. In the year 1938, the Italian general Nobile, who participated in Amundsen’s flight to the pole, decided to repeat the failed journey. Accompanied by prominent scientists and assistants, Nobile flew to the North on an airship “Italy” of his own design. The expedition […]...