The Nobility
The appearance of medieval cities complicated the structure of society. In it new groups of the population appeared: craftsmen, merchants, Intellectuals, etc. Gradually the urban estate was formed, which had special rights and duties and played an increasing role in public life. In the XIV-XV centuries. chivalry replaced the nobility. He belonged to the highest royal nobility, warriors-vassals, that is, those feudal lords who enjoyed the same hereditary privileges, were guided by certain norms of morality. The nobles considered it shameful for themselves to engage in manual labor or trade. They lived at the expense of the peasants, served in the army or at the royal court. Almost everywhere they opposed themselves to the “lower” classes, they wanted to rule over them. The nobility itself was divided into higher and lower. The aristocratic clans belonged to the aristocratic elite. They had the appropriate noble titles. For example, in England, the title of lord united dukes, marquises, counts, viscounts and barons. Those who were not born noblemen, and became them were considered second-rate noblemen. The lower nobility was the middle and small chivalry.
Intellectuals are people of intellectual labor.
The nobility is the ruling class, which at the decline of the Middle Ages was replaced by chivalry. It consisted of large, medium and small landowners.
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