Main events, information and facts on the topic “Slavs and their neighbors” in the tables

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1. The main events, information and facts on the topic “Europe, Byzantium, the Arab World” in the tables A country Prominent figures Developments Byzantine Empire 1) Justinian and Theodora 2) Leo III Isaurus 3) The Macedonian dynasty 4) Vasily II The Bulgarian 5) the Comnen dynasty 6) the Paleologic dynasty 1) the code of Justinian The uprising of “Nika” Church of St. Sophia 2) iconoclasm 3) “Golden Age” of the empire; The flowering […]...
2. Main events, facts and facts on the topic “India. China” in the tables The states of China in the Middle Ages Sui Dynasty Construction of the Grand Canal; An attempt to unite China. Tang Dynasty Administrative reform; Insurrection of the peasants. The Age of “Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms” Song Dynasty Unification of China; 1234 – the conquest of China by the Mongols Yuan Dynasty Accession of Tibet; […]...
3. The main events, information and facts on the theme “The birth of the medieval world, the features of its development” in the tables Historical sources: Written Real Ethnographic The Frankish Kingdom: 481-486 years. – the unification of the Salic Franks by Clovis from the Merovingian dynasty; mazhordomas and “lazy kings”; 486 – the Battle of Soissons; About 498 AD – the baptism of Clovis; 768-814 years. – Charlemagne; 843 – Verdun Treaty – the collapse of the empire […]...
4. Main events, facts and facts on the topic “Religious and cultural life of medieval Europe” in the tables 756 – the foundation of the Papal States with the center in Rome. 1054 – schism – the division of the church into the Catholic and Orthodox. The Cluny movement and the reform activities of Pope Gregory VII: The election of Pan Roman by the conclave of the Cardinals; The introduction of the vow of […]...
5. Basic dates and facts on the history of the Middle Ages Main dates on the history of the Middle Ages 395 The division of the Roman Empire into the Eastern and Western 476 The demise of the Roman Empire 486 Foundation of the Frankish Kingdom 610 Beginning of sermons by Mohammed 622 Relocation of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina 732 The Battle of Poitiers – the […]...
6. The collapse of Byzantium. End of the Middle Ages Resurrected Byzantium was a weak state. She was feverishly stricken by the cruel struggle for the throne, one area after another vanished from her, her wind was walking in her treasury, she was mercilessly plundered by the Genoese merchant class. Of the external enemies, it was most of all pestered by the Italian Normans, the […]...
7. The power of the Ottoman Empire. Mehmed II In 1451, the sultan became Mehmed II, who was nicknamed the Conqueror. He was a clever, educated, power-hungry, cruel and very insidious man. Mehmed II mastered in 1453 Constantinople, made it the capital of his state and renamed Istanbul. In Istanbul there lived not only Turks, but also Greeks, Armenians, Jews and representatives of other […]...
8. Conquest of Ottoman Turks. Ottoman Moloch In the middle of the XIV century. The Ottoman Turks implemented their first conquests in the Balkans. First they enslaved Bulgaria, then attacked Serbia. In 1389, an unequal battle took place on the Kosovo Field between Serbian knights and more numerous Turkish troops. In this battle, both the Serbian king Lazar and the Turkish sultan […]...
9. Hungary in the Middle Ages The lands between the rivers Tisza and the Danube were inhabited long ago by Slavic tribes and, perhaps, by the ancestors of modern Romanians and Moldavians. At the end of IX c. there were migrated through the Carpathians Ugrians, who were pressed from the southern Russian steppes of the Pechenegs. They defeated the Great Moravian […]...
10. The first states of the Western Slavs. The emergence of the Slavic script Western Slavs – Czechs, Poles, Slovaks – come from the Slavic tribes who settled north of the Danube to the Baltic and Elbe. The Slavic community of the Balkan Peninsula became the basis for the formation of the southern Slavs: Bulgarians, Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, etc. The first state of the Western Slavs was formed to […]...
11. The conquest of Rus by the Mongol-Tatars. Genghis Khan. Baty Russia split into separate princedoms very inopportunely when the great Eurasian steppe came to life, where many nomadic tribes lived. At the beginning of the XIII century. the Mongols of Central Asia chose Khan Temucin as their talented commander and organizer. He was called Genghis Khan – “the ruler of the world.” Thus, a young […]...
12. “The onslaught on the East.” German Crusades against the Slavs XII-XIII centuries German feudal lords did not receive anything in the Muslim East in the Crusades. Aspirations to increase their possessions they lacked – Germany seemed to them close. Therefore, while the emperors fought with Italy and quarreled with the popes, the feudal lords carried out an “onslaught on the East” – populated the lands in the […]...
13. Key facts on the topic “Australia” Australia is the smallest continent in the world, entirely in the Southern Hemisphere. The southern tropic crosses the continent almost in the middle. Australia is remote from other continents by the expanses of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, which explains the uniqueness of its nature. Australia’s shoreline is indented a little. Australia was opened by […]...
14. Culture of North-Eastern Russia XIII-XV centuries Literacy in North-Eastern Russia in the XIII-XV centuries. Special distribution has not received. In the monasteries and at the prince’s court they copied books, which were beautifully decorated. Wrote on parchment or on birch bark – birch. In the XIV century. in Russia there was a cheap paper. Russian travelers described Constantinople, and the Tver […]...
15. “Collecting land” in the XV century. The overthrow of the yoke, the disintegration of the Horde. Ivan III After the Battle of Kulikovo, the Moscow Principality began to “gather” Russian lands around itself. This was taken care of, in particular, by the great Moscow prince Ivan III, who resorted both to bribery and to violence. Ivan III became a widower early. The preeminent Italian diplomats, in order to persuade him to join the […]...
16. Development of Russian culture in the 14th-15th centuries The Mongol invasion and the establishment of the Golden Horde yoke inflicted irreparable loss on the culture of Russia. Hundreds of talented artisans were killed and taken prisoner, which led to the decline of handicraft activities, and the crafts of individual species disappeared. Many architectural monuments were destroyed. Due to lack of funds and masters […]...
17. The conquest of the Ottoman Sultans in Europe and Asia In the middle of the XIV century. Orhan’s troops captured Byzantium and moved on to active operations in the Balkans. Sultan Murad I captured Adrianople and transferred here the capital of his state. His success in the Balkans was facilitated by the unwillingness of local Christian rulers to unite their forces before the Ottoman threat […]...
18. Moscow is the heart of Russia Moscow is the heart of Russia, the capital of a powerful state. Eight centuries have passed since the first time in the pages of the ancient Russian chronicle the name of Moscow was named. In 1147, the chronicler noted the meeting in Moscow of Vladimir-Suzdal prince Yuri Dolgoruky with his allies – Chernigov princes. This […]...
19. The Mongol invasion of Russia. The Golden Horde yoke The fragmentation and princely internecine strife undermined the power of Russia. This situation in the XIII century. took advantage of the Mongol conquerors. The Mongols lived in the steppes of Central Asia. They were nomadic tribes, breeding horses, oxen and sheep. In 1206, at the kurultai of the Mongolian nobility, the leader of one of […]...
20. Basic facts on the topic “Antarctica” The physico-geographical position of Antarctica is determined by its location around the South Pole within the Southern Arctic Circle. Therefore Antarctica is the coldest continent on Earth. Antarctica was opened in 1820 by a Russian expedition led by Thaddeus Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev. The members of the Norwegian expedition led by Rual Amundsen reached the […]...
21. Key facts on the topic “North America” North America is completely located in the Northern and Western hemispheres, stretching almost 7 thousand km from north to south, has a heavily dissected coastline. Its closest neighboring continents are Eurasia and South America. The first of the Europeans reached the northern coasts of North America, the Normans in the 10th century, but information about […]...
22. Events in history 1. Why the description of the unsuccessful campaign of Prince Igor Svyatoslavovich in 1185 remained in the memory of the descendants In the 12th century. Our lands suffered from attacks of the nomadic people – Polovtsians. A participant in the struggle against them was Novgorod the Great Prince Igor. In 1185, together with his son […]...
23. The Battle of Kulikovo Field In the second half of the XIV century. The Russian princes had already acted harmoniously against the Horde. In 1378, the military forces of the Moscow and Ryazan principalities, led by the Moscow prince Dmitry Ivanovich, inflicted the first military defeat on the territory of Ryazansky Tatars. But the great Lithuanian prince Jagiello hurried to […]...
24. Muscovy. Yuri Danilovich. Ivan Kalita At the turn of the XIII-XIV centuries. the great princedoms of the North-East of Russia have broken up into allotments-smaller independent principalities. In the XIV century. strengthened the Moscow and Tver principality. They began among themselves a fierce struggle for the Grand Duchy of Vladimir. The Moscow principality won, which extended its power to several […]...
25. Key facts on the topic “South America” The continents of South and North America form a single part of oppression. The northern part of South America crosses the equator, the middle part – the Southern Tropic, and the southern part of the continent reaches 54 ° S. extending into temperate latitudes. Part of the world America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in […]...
26. Interregnum. Austrian Duchy At the time of the Interregnum, the German throne was not empty: it was bought by foreign princes and monarchs. Nevertheless, there was no supreme power in the state. In Germany, there were about a hundred principalities, mostly bishops. All of them were independent of the emperor, and some in general were vassals of foreign […]...
27. Key facts on the topic “Natural areas of Africa” In Africa, latitudinal zoning of the natural zones is clearly traced, which is mirrored on both sides of the equator. The main natural areas of the continent are damp equatorial forests, savannas and light forests, tropical deserts. Wet equatorial forests of Africa are located on the coast of the Gulf of Guinea and in the […]...
28. Interesting facts on the topic “South America” For the first time, he proposed to name the German geographer Martin Waldzemüller, discovered by Christopher Columbus, by the name of Amerigo Vespucci in 1507, at first the name only concerned the Southern continent, and later spread to the North. The first who crossed the Isthmus of Panama and set foot in 1513 on the […]...
29. The Mongolian yoke in the 13th-14th centuries At the beginning of the XIII century. the state of the Jurden has weakened noticeably. The South Song Empire was preparing to regain its northern lands. However, these plans did not come true because a new formidable force arose-the Mongols, led by Genghis Khan. South Song sent envoys and military advisers to Genghis Khan. They […]...
30. Basic facts on the topic “Natural areas of Eurasia” The natural zones of Eurasia are replacing each other from north to south – from the arctic deserts to the moist equatorial forests, but not all of them are stretched by a continuous strip from west to east. This is due to the variety of climatic conditions and the features of the relief on the […]...
31. The strengthening of the Moscow state in the 15th century The political successes of the Moscow principality, achieved during the reign of Dmitry Donskoy, were consolidated and developed by his successors. The son of Dmitry Donskoy, Prince Vasily I shortly after ascension to the throne annexed the principality of Nizhny Novgorod, as well as lands in the Vychegda river basin, populated by the Komi people. […]...
32. Biography of Dmitry Donskoy Dmitry I Ivanovich Donskoy – Grand Duke of Moscow and Vladimir. His nickname was after the victory in the Battle of Kulikovo. Early years Dmitry was born on October 12, 1350 in Moscow. In 1359, when his father died, in the biography of Dmitry Donskoy appeared guardian and mentor – Metropolitan Alexy. With him, Dmitry […]...
33. Composition “The First World War” July of 1914. The murder of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire in Sarajevo stirred Europe. There were several conspirators. And the whole of Serbia is declared war. Germany, the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary, united, unleash a military campaign against the countries of the Entente coalition – France, England and Russia. Russia entered the war […]...
34. Interesting facts on the topic “Ecological problems of continents and oceans” Pollution of the World Ocean is a global problem of mankind. According to scientists, about 1.5 million tons of oil fall into the ocean annually. And 25 million tons is enough to cover the entire world ocean with a 0.1 mm thick oil film. This is very dangerous, because, as noted the famous navigator and […]...
35. Summary “Alexander Nevsky” Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky was the son of Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodich and Princess Feodosia (daughter of Mstislav Udalogo). He was born on May 13, 1221. It is known that in 1228 and 1230, his father left the brothers Alexander and Fyodor to reign in Novgorod. But only in 1236 the period of the long reign of […]...
36. Bibliographic Dictionary of the Middle Ages Abelard Pierre. An outstanding thinker of medieval Europe. The predecessor of the scholastics. I sought reinforcement of the dogma of reason, so I inevitably fell into heresy. The church condemned him for “the impudence with which he delves into divine secrets.” I wrote a brilliant memo of medieval literature – “The History of My Disasters”. […]...
37. The most outstanding events of Kievan Rus. Princes of Kievan Rus: Oleg, Olga, Svyatoslav, Vladimir Byzantium – a powerful state of the time with the capital of Constantinople, whose lands stretched along the southern coast of the Black Sea. Rus and Byzantium had long-standing ties, primarily trading. It was from Byzantium that Christianity came to our land – faith in the triune God – the Father God, his Son – […]...
38. Basic facts on the topic “Physiographic location, discovery, study and relief of Eurasia” The physiographic position of Eurasia is determined by its size, a large extent from west to east and from north to south. Eurasia lies in all climatic belts of the Earth. It is the only continent that is washed by the waters of all four oceans. The coastline of the continent is strongly dissected, there […]...
39. Hussite wars The execution of Jan Hus overflowed the cup of people’s patience. Numerous supporters of Jan Hus, the Hussites, rebelled. But among the rebels there was no unity. Some, chasniki, demanded permission to all partake of the cup. Others, Taborites, wanted the impossible at all – to build the Kingdom of God on earth. In this […]...
40. The struggle of Russia for liberation from the rule of the Golden Horde. The Battle of Kulikovo Field Politics of Ivan Kalita continued his sons – Semyon Proud and Ivan the Red. In 1359 the prince’s throne was occupied by the nine-year-old son of Ivan the Red Dmitry. He, like his grandfather Ivan Kalita, proved to be an able and energetic ruler. It was thanks to his tireless energy in Moscow that the […]...