New Year comes to people in different countries at different times. He does not everywhere smell of fir-tree and snow. People celebrate the New Year according to the traditions of their ancestors. How many peoples, so many New Year’s customs. In India, the New Year comes several times. In the north – in April, in … Read more
The first in 1096 moved to distant Jerusalem detachments of French and German peasants – almost unarmed, without food supplies. On the way, they robbed and killed everyone, especially the Jews. Their fate was sad. The Byzantine emperor quickly sent them across the Bosporus to Asia Minor, where the Seljuks almost all this “army” and … Read more
After the death of Philip IV, three of his sons died one after the other under mysterious circumstances. The grandees proclaimed King Philip VI Long – a representative of the genus Valois. He wrote in 1328 the royal dynasty of Valois, which existed in France until 1589. However, the new dynasty was not lucky. Philip … Read more
People whose names and actions are fixed in the sources and whose actions influenced the course of historical events are called Historic Persons. A historical personality, for example, is Vladimir Monomakh. Look through the pages of the textbook and name the others. The historical personality, whose name became the symbol of the Ukrainian revival, is … Read more
The history of the Middle Ages is studied using numerous historical sources: architectural landmarks, material monuments, written historical sources, ethnographic sources, etc. The preserved architectural monuments seem to transfer us to the distant past. And today in many cities of Europe you can see old churches and cathedrals, castles and fortress walls, as well as … Read more
According to the testament of Alexander Nevsky, his youngest son Daniil received possession of a small Moscow principality. Daniel set out to expand the boundaries of his possessions and began to collect Russian lands around Moscow. Moscow was in an area suitable for farming, cattle breeding and fisheries, at the intersection of important river trade … Read more
By the middle of XI century. German emperors considered the popes to be their servants – they appointed them and overthrew them. But the Catholic church still broke out of their death grip. In 1056 the German throne was occupied by the six-year-old Henry IV. While he was growing up, the power in the state … Read more
In Byzantium, the career of an official was considered prestigious. It required a certain degree of education, which encouraged young people to learn. Education was not available to everyone, since there were few state schools, only clergy used to prepare church and monasteries, and private ones were paid. In addition, books were a luxury, not … Read more
1. What groups of the population are witnessed by the sources of the times of Kievan Rus and the subsequent centuries? During the emergence of the first state on our lands – with the center in Kiev – the inhabitants of Rus were divided into certain groups. Everyone did his job: some grew bread, others … Read more
Resurrected Byzantium was a weak state. She was feverishly stricken by the cruel struggle for the throne, one area after another vanished from her, her wind was walking in her treasury, she was mercilessly plundered by the Genoese merchant class. Of the external enemies, it was most of all pestered by the Italian Normans, the … Read more