History on the map
1. How to use the historical map?
Each event occurs not only at a certain time, but also in a certain place. Therefore, for historians it is important to navigate in space. For this purpose, Historical maps are used – reduced images of the earth’s surface, its parts or individual countries of the world.
Historical maps are created on the basis of geographical ones, with which you had to work in the lessons of natural history. However, historical maps differ significantly from them. First of all use of colors. For example, if on a geographical map the color indicates the altitude of the terrain above sea level, then on historical – the territory of states, the settlement of peoples and so on. In addition, the notation on the historical map shows the events. For example, it is possible to learn from the map how the territory of the state was changed over a certain period of time, where troops were sent, when and where the battle took place, when the city
The historical map reveals its secrets only to those who can understand the symbols and explanations to it, located in the lower corner.
HOW TO DEMONSTRATE HISTORICAL OBJECTS ON MAP:
A) Borders of states should be circled by a pointer along a closed curve.
B) Directions of military campaigns and movements are indicated by the arrows indicated on the map.
C) Show cities with a pointer to the symbol, not to the name of the city on the map.
D) Rivers should be shown along the stream – from the source to the mouth.
2. Who are called the ancient Slavs? Where did the Slavs live – the ancestors of Ukrainians?
Ukrainians often use the name Slavs, because the Ukrainian people are Slavic. In addition to the Ukrainians, the Slavs are Belorussians, Russians, Czechs, Slovaks, Poles, Bulgarians, Macedonians, Slovenes, Montenegrins and Serbs. Scientists conditionally divide all Slavs into three branches: western, eastern and southern. Ukrainians, along with Belarusians and Russians, belong to the Eastern branch of the Slavic peoples.
The ancestors
The main occupation of the ancient Slavs was farming and cattle breeding. Our ancestors grew millet, barley, wheat, rye, oats, flax and hemp. Peas, turnips, radishes, onions and garlic were known from vegetables. From animals bred cows, goats, sheep, pigs. Assistants in the Slavic economy were oxen and horses. Living among the forests, in the edge of rivers and lakes, the Slavs were skilled hunters and fishermen, they hunted not only to get additional food, but also for fur – perhaps the most valuable commodity that was sold to neighboring peoples. Among the Crafts – the so-called occupation of people for the manufacture of tools and household items, clothes – outstanding skill achieved in casting and forging metals. The ancient Slavs were pagans, that is, they deified the forces of nature – the sun, sky, thunder and lightning.
Tribes of the ancient Slavs from time to time combined into large unions – tribal associations, or tribal unions. The names of the Eastern Slavic tribal unions, which existed before the formation of the state in the 9th century. with the center in Kiev, has kept the chronicle “The Tale of Bygone Years”. These are seven tribal associations: Glades, Drevlyane, Volhynians, Croats, Ulichi, Tivertsy And Northerners. It is their researchers who consider the ancestors of Ukrainians.
3. What does the administrative-territorial structure of modern Ukraine look like?
Ukraine now includes 24 regions and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. The capital of Ukraine is its largest city, several millionth Kyiv. Over a million inhabitants live in Kharkov, Dnepropetrovsk, Odessa, Donetsk. In general, there are 454 cities in Ukraine.
More than 45 million people live in our country. According to the population census as of December 5, 2001, the urban population was 32 million 574 thousand people, rural population – 15 million 883 thousand people. Urban residents are more in industrial eastern and southeastern regions: Donetsk, Lugansk, Dnepropetrovsk, Kharkov, Zaporizhzhya. The rural population prevails in the western region of Ukraine – Transcarpathian, Chernivtsi, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil regions.
Along with the Ukrainians, over 37 million in Ukraine, Russians, Byelorussians, Moldovans, Crimean Tatars, Bulgarians, Hungarians, Romanians, Poles, Jews, Armenians, Greeks and representatives of many other nationalities live in Ukraine.
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