The lithosphere is the hard shell of the Earth, consisting of the earth’s crust and the upper layer of the mantle. Forty years ago, a scientific theory of lithospheric plates arose. According to this theory, the lithosphere is broken by giant cracks into separate blocks – lithospheric plates. The boundaries of the plates pass along … Read more
Glaciers. In the north of Eurasia and high in the mountains is widespread modern glaciation. Cover glaciers are found on the islands of Iceland. New Earth. Spitsbergen, Franz Josef Land. There are mountain glaciers in the mountains that reach the snow line: in the Alps, Scandinavian mountains, the Caucasus, the Pamirs, Tien Shan, the Himalayas. … Read more
The nature protection objects include: nature reserves, national nature parks, sanctuaries, nature monuments, etc. Their total area in the world is more than 4.5 million km2, or 3% of the land area. Specific scientific research institutions in which natural complexes are protected and explored are reserves. The territory of reserves is completely excluded from economic … Read more
For the first time, he proposed to name the German geographer Martin Waldzemüller, discovered by Christopher Columbus, by the name of Amerigo Vespucci in 1507, at first the name only concerned the Southern continent, and later spread to the North. The first who crossed the Isthmus of Panama and set foot in 1513 on the … Read more
1. Using the text and maps, indicate the nature of France. How does the geographical position affect it? France is washed by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Well-moistened north-west of the country with a flat relief provides the population of France with basic food products and gives the opportunity to … Read more
Since South America is the wettest continent of the world, the river network here is very dense. On the mainland, the longest and deepest rivers of the planet flow. The main watershed in South America is the Andes. Since the mountains lie in the extreme west of the continent, most rivers of South America belong … Read more
To the south, towards the line of the Arctic Circle, in the conditions of the subarctic climate, the zone of the tundra – swamped treeless areas stretches. In Asia, the tundra extends far to the south. In Europe, because of the influence of warm currents, the area of this natural zone is much smaller. The … Read more
Due to the complexity of the structure of the earth’s crust and the long history of its development, the surface of Eurasia is more diverse than other continents. Here are the largest plains The earth and the highest mountains, the deepest depression on land and the largest lowland of the world, which lies below the … Read more
1. Using the text of the textbook, on the example of the Kaliningrad region, prove that the geographic location of any territory changes over time. The center of the region, the city of Kaliningrad, was founded as a fortress in 1255 by the Prussians. This group of Baltic tribes inhabited part of the southern coast … Read more
1. Using the map “Peoples of Russia”, determine in which territories of the Federation subjects live and to which language families and groups the indigenous peoples of Siberia are not included in the number of “title”: Shorians, Selkups, Nganasans, Chum. 2. Find out which of the peoples of Siberia Buddhism profess and why. In Siberia … Read more