Excursion to Rome
Today we will have a fascinating excursion to a wonderful city: we will go to Rome.
Rome – the capital of Italy – is located in the central part of the Apennine peninsula on the banks of the Tiber River, 27 kilometers from the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea.
One of the oldest cities in the world, Rome, according to legend, was founded in 753 BC. Its name, according to one version, comes from the name of the legendary founder of the city of Romulus, on the other – from the ancient name of the river Tiber – Rumont.
For a number of centuries Rome was the capital of a powerful slave state and one of the most important centers of ancient civilization. Since the II century AD, the decline of Rome began. Hordes of barbarian tribes from the north made repeated raids on the city, betraying its fire and destruction. The gradual economic recovery of the city was slow. Rome became the capital of the Italian kingdom in 1871 with the end of the unification
Rome is the administrative, political and commercial and financial center of the country. The city has many Italian and foreign banks, boards of industrial firms. However, in industrial development, Rome is inferior to such cities of Northern Italy as Turin, Milan, Genoa. The industry of Rome is characterized by the predominance of small factories and factories, as well as handicrafts and workshops, serving the urban population and numerous tourists. Only eight percent of the city’s population is employed in industry, the rest in trade, transport, credit and services, and the administrative apparatus.
Rome is the largest transport hub in Italy; 5 rail lines, 8 highways and up to 30 overhead lines linking it through airports with most countries of the world converge here. The sea gates of Rome – a port on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Most of Rome is located on the left bank of the Tiber. On the right bank, behind the fortification wall, erected in the Middle Ages, is the state of the Vatican – the residence of the head of the Catholic Church of the Pope. Both banks are
Rome is one of the oldest university towns. The University of Rome was founded in 1303. In Rome there is also a conservatory, founded in 1570, the Academy of Fine Arts, a large number of Catholic higher educational institutions. In twenty-five Roman libraries, more than 7 million books are kept. There are many museums in the city, there is one opera theater with a permanent troupe.
Each of the historical epochs left an imprint on the image of Rome. World famous for such monuments of antiquity as the ruins of the Amphitheater of the Colosseum, the Pantheon – the tomb of the outstanding people of Italy, the ruins of the Forum buildings and others.
In the Renaissance, a grand cathedral of St. Peter was built, most of which was built by Michelangelo. He also owns the architectural ensemble of the square in front of the Capitol. The combination of the monuments of ancient architecture, the Renaissance and Baroque with the buildings of later times give Rome a unique and inimitable beauty.
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