What prompted D. Defoe to create the novel? The basis for the creation of the novel by D. Defoe was the essay of an English journalist. It described the actual incident with a sailor who spent four years on a desert island. Who is Robinson Crusoe and what motivated him to go on a trip? … Read more
A huge interest in the work of the American writer in Ukraine arose in the 60s of the XX century. It was at this time that the cult of Hemingway was formed, closely associated with the movement of the sixties. “The situation in which the sixties turned out was somewhat similar to the one that … Read more
Earth. A warm, green word, smelling of freshly cut hay, steamed milk, honey aroma of blooming cherries, tender mother’s palms. What can be more beautiful for a person and more! Its roots go to the ground, and he himself is the son of the earth, he is a part of her heart. The earth brings … Read more
As a playwright Shakespeare appeared, in all probability, in the late 1580’s, and by 1592 he had gained enough fame to become the target of critical attacks by fellow feuders. Shakespeare’s work began with chronicles that represented the events of national history. The appeal to this genre allowed the playwright to develop a large-scale artistic … Read more
What are good and evil? And why is man today more evil than good to others? It is precisely on these issues that the author of the text given to us pondered Dudintsev. The writer raises an important problem of the manifestation of good and evil. “… Good disguises himself for a small evil, and … Read more
The genre of rubai was extremely popular in Eastern literature, but it was Khayyam who gave him an artistically perfect form. Ancient copyists arbitrarily connected the poems of Khayyam with the quatrains of other poets. So there was confusion, as a result of which he was attributed about two thousand poems. But only for a … Read more
“The future is bright, it’s wonderful.” Love him, strive for him, Transfer from it to the present everything that can only be transferred. “ N. G. Chernyshevsky What will the world be like after us? Louis XIV said: “After us – at least the deluge.” But somehow I do not want to live in a … Read more
The sonnets of William Shakespeare belong to the remarkable examples of lyrical poetry of the Renaissance. In total Shakespeare created 154 sonnet. Most of the works reveal the theme of love, but many of them are devoted to friendship, philosophical reflections, and sometimes they reflect the issues of artistic creativity. In the rich heritage of … Read more
Unlike many people, I take a computer very positively. This is the greatest invention of mankind! People have created a universal machine with which you can do one hundred things: read, watch movies, draw, print, draw, count, find useful information, retouch photos, create cartoons and videos. Still it is possible to communicate with people at … Read more
A faithful leader is a heart. O. de Balzac. Father Gorio Probably, there is not a single literary work where the problem of choice with which we so often face in everyday life is not touched upon. Different paths are chosen for themselves by the heroes of the novel Honore de Balzac “Father Gorio”, but … Read more
During one of the battles at the front of the First World War, a mine exploded next to Hemingway, resulting in 227 injuries. To stand on his feet, he had to withstand 12 operations. However, the physical trauma was stronger than physical suffering, which had an effect throughout the life of the writer and developed … Read more
Like Robinson Crusoe, I love the sea, but I rarely see it. We live in a city far from the places where ships sail to distant lands, where gulls scream and smell of fish and seaweed. But I often imagine that, like Robinson Crusoe, I was on an uninhabited island… When I came to, the … Read more
Oblomov is a novel about the tragic fate of the Russian landowner. The main question the author poses in his novel is the question of what ruined Oblomov’s fate. What dashed this crystal-clear, clear, like a child’s soul, a loving heart, a mind full of lofty thoughts and not alien to the “universal human passions”? … Read more
PLAN 1. I’m invited for a birthday. 2. My story at the festive table. 3. I was in the spotlight. 4. My stories cause distrust. 5. Stories told by other guys: A) clay animals; B) a collision on a change. 6. With Baron Munchausen our life is more interesting. I was helped to find new … Read more
“Divine Comedy” Dante is a monumental monument of medieval culture, synthesizing its most important achievements, knowledge, ideas about the world and aesthetic experience. At the same time, it largely surpasses its era, reaching the level of “timeless”, “eternal” creations of world culture. The work is based on the story of “walking” in the afterlife widespread … Read more
It was perfect if the holidays were endless! But I’m trying to think about reality, so my ideal vacation would be in the summer. My family and I necessarily went to some hot country or to a tropical island, like Turkey, Egypt, Cyprus or even Madagascar. It would have happened in the month of June, … Read more
The development of society and the development of culture, including art, is possible because man and mankind retain in their memory what happened in past centuries, what is open, known, became known. Memory resists oblivion, destroying the power of time. Memory is a necessary condition for the self-awareness of the individual. A person is only … Read more
The subject of money in the novel, or rather, “damned passion to gold,” is explored by the writer in two main aspects: philosophical as the cause of the disintegration of natural “natural” links, when spiritual values are deliberately sacrificed for the sake of achieving material values, and social, when the human condition in society is … Read more
John Steinbeck is a famous American writer who left a rich artistic heritage. In his writings, he denounced the social plagues of American society, combining it with deep psychologism in the characters’ images. In 1962 Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize “for a realistic and poetic gift, combined with mild humor and an acute social … Read more
The area in which I live is quite young. We have many schools and kindergartens here. Many of the residents of the district take out their four-legged pupils for a walk. Look, someone is leading a thoroughbred dog in an exquisite collar on a leather leash, and someone is a little mongrel on a string, … Read more
The peculiarity of Dickens’s realism, for example, in comparison with Flaubert’s realism, consists in trying to combine the ethical and aesthetic ideals of the writer into an organic whole. This aspiration of the writer is conditioned, first of all, by the peculiarity of the formation and development of realism in England. If in French literature … Read more
The great Japanese poet Matsuo Basse was born in the castle town of Ueno in the family of a poor Samurai. The poet’s native city was in the province of Iga – in the very cradle of Japanese culture, in the center of the main island – Honshu. Many places in the homeland of Bass … Read more
The Parisian light after the Restoration was a rather motley society. The largest bourgeois tycoons, at the price of gold and marital contracts, penetrated the environment of hereditary aristocrats, who constantly needed their capital. “Blue Blood”, obsessed with the power of money and the thirst for luxury, willingly forsworn its dubious aristocratic principles for the … Read more
“For all that, For all that, Let us be poor with you, Wealth is a stamp on gold, And we are the golden ones. “ R. Burns Famous in the whole world English playwright Bernard Shaw lived a century, probably because he knew how to look at the world and see in him the paradoxes … Read more
Do you know what conceptualism is? This is one of the directions of scholastic philosophy. According to this doctrine, the manifestation of knowledge comes along with experience, but does not come from the experience gained. Conceptualism can also be thought of as a synthesis of rationalism with empiricism. This term comes from the Latin word … Read more
I would not exchange my griefs On slavish service. Aeschylus He really was a hero, a titan in the original meaning of these words. Just think, it’s been sung for more than twenty-five centuries! This is only in the drama of Aeschylus, but how much is it? And the actors on the curbs talked about … Read more
A feat is everything except fame. I would like to begin my work with the notion of the word hero. In front of me there are dictionaries. I open the “Dictionary of Ozhegov.” A hero is a man who performs feats, extraordinary in his valor, courage, selflessness. In the Dictionary of Synonyms, a hero, a … Read more
“Poets walk on their heels On the edge of the knife and cut In the blood of his sick souls. “ V. Vysotsky Heinrich Böll can be called a writer depicting a “little man.” In the novels “The house without a master,” “Where have you been, Adam?”, “Billiards at half past nine” describes ordinary people, … Read more
The time in which the action of the novel “Father Gorio” unfolds – in 1819. The scene is a poor suburb of the French capital, the lower part of the street Nev-Sen-Genevieve, the boarding house of Madame Voke. “There is no more horrible quarter in Paris,” the writer observes and begins his novel with a … Read more
The image of the Fox. It has long been a fairy tale Fox (not a fox!) Is a symbol of wisdom and knowledge of life. Conversations of the Little Prince with this wise animal become a kind of culmination in the story, for in them the hero finally finds what he was looking for. Returned … Read more
Laugh people, but perhaps you will some day understand, What is sublime and holy In this miserable Don Quixote. DS Merezhkovsky By the beginning of the XVII century, that is, by the time when the heroes of Cervantes lived, the Renaissance, with its faith in man and in its possibilities, was completed. Great ideas revealed … Read more
Look around and you will see many fascinating things created by the mind and hands of man: radio, telephone, cars, ships, airplanes, missiles. But the most surprising and wise that mankind has created is language. All people on earth are able to speak. They speak different languages, but all languages have one task: to help … Read more
Charles Dickens is a great writer, the creator of the English realistic novel of modern times. The creative heritage of Dickens is rightfully considered an artistic symbol of the life of England during the Victorian period. In realistic novels created by the writer, Victorian England recognized itself in all its unattractive beauty. As a realistic … Read more
How can you explain that the name of the historical novel is dedicated to the fictional character of knight-crusader Ivanhoe? Walter Scott is considered the ancestor of the historical novel. Historical prose presupposes not only a story about the facts of the past, but also a vivid, lively image of them. In the historical novel, … Read more
It has always been a human nature to strive for the knowledge of the future. What is it? What kind of victims will be found if there is nothing to hope for? But it is from despair that amazing dreams are born. This year, my meeting with the talented Russian writer Yevgeny Zamyatin took place, … Read more
What does it mean to be educated? In childhood we are constantly taught to be polite. It is understandable: coming to this world, a little man does not have any knowledge about his laws or the skills of life in society. Therefore, at home and at school, we constantly hear both soft wishes and firm … Read more
Man is not created to be defeated. A person can be destroyed, but he can not be defeated. E. Hemingway. The Old Man and the Sea Time is the strictest judge and the most difficult test of the true value of what the writer created for his life. E. Hemingway honorably withstood this test of … Read more
In the family of a poor girl who lives alone with her mother, there is nothing to eat. In the woods the girl meets an old woman who gives her a magic pot, which only needs to say: “A pot, cook!”, As he himself begins to cook a wonderful sweet millet cereal in any quantities. … Read more
“Letter to the Father,” written by F. Kafka with a purely private purpose, was widely known as a literary and artistic document of the “eternal” theme of the conflict of “fathers and children.” Analyzing in this letter the negative consequences of the father’s education system, Kafka particularly noted: “In this way the world was divided … Read more
The image of the money-lender Hobsek Honore de Balzac creates, using the most complex gamut of realistic and romantic techniques. Therefore, the story, on the one hand, is perceived by the reader as a physiological essay, on the other – it clearly feels the romantic condensation of colors. This primarily relates to the image of … Read more
The forest is our wealth. Take care of the forest from the fire! “This slogan has been known to everyone since childhood, but nevertheless, from year to year with the arrival of spring and hot sunny days, wild fires break out there, and in the spring fire occurs most often due to uncontrolled agricultural fires: … Read more
Creativity Honore de Balzac developed under the influence of French and English literary traditions. In addition, he was influenced by the works of mystic philosophers, in particular, the Swedish Theosophist E. Swedenborg. Such a circle of reading formed the basis for the synthesis of romantic and realistic tendencies in Balzac’s prose. The idea of the … Read more
He is the mournful edge of war and crime Left cold, without tears, without regret. D. Byron “Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage” is written in the form of the lyric diary of the main character – Childe Harold. Childe Harold is a young man of noble birth. His ancestors “have won fame and honor in citizenship and … Read more
A person will always be interested in another person. His life, his story. We read literature primarily in order to more, even if imaginary characters, to comprehend themselves, their lives. The better it will be if we take not the most unambiguous character. Let’s turn to the image of Rodion Raskolnikov from the novel by … Read more
I consider myself lucky and truly lucky person. What is my luck – in my childhood, when I was little, and there was a crisis on the street and it was problematic to buy children’s things – I had them. I had the coolest sneakers in the yard, the coolest cap with the name of … Read more
At the bottom of it, where or… M. Tsvetaeva “Dialogue of Hamlet with a conscience” The image of Ophelia is one of the brightest examples of Shakespeare’s dramatic skill. Her life is shown as a dotted line: farewell to Laertes, talk with her father, a story about Hamlet’s insanity, a conversation and a break with … Read more
A plot based on a kind of “experiment” on the main character, subjected to various tests and actively learning the world in the process of searching for the higher meaning of human existence; the presence of a complex philosophical and moral problems; the widest scope of the artistic image, thanks to which the fate of … Read more
The eighteenth century, completed by the Great French Revolution, developed under the sign of doubt, destruction, denial and passionate belief in the victory of reason over superstition and prejudice, civilization over barbarism, humanism over tyranny and injustice. Therefore, historians call it the Age of Enlightenment. The ideology of the Enlighteners triumphed in the era when … Read more
In the mouths of the greatest Russian writer, a classic recognized not only at home but also abroad, personifying Russian literature, Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky, these prophetic words about a man sound unusually clear. His heroes are the most complex characters, the intertwining of passions and frenzied striving in the darkness to pass to the light. … Read more
Undoubtedly, a person should be intelligent, even if it seems inappropriate in the environment where a person rotates. But what is the basis for the intelligence that is so necessary for us to live? D. S. Likhachev is convinced that the very intelligence does not depend on high education or knowledge of culture and languages, … Read more