Education of the Swiss Union. Strengthening of territorial principalities
As a result of the fall of the dynasty of Staufen the Holy Roman Empire lost its former strength. German spiritual and secular princes became almost independent rulers. The main place among them was occupied by the Electors, the princes, who had the right to elect the king. In 1273, they elected Count Rudolph Habsburg from the poor Swabian clan to the throne.
At the end of the XIII century. The Holy Roman Empire was still the largest country in Western Europe, though fragmented into separate territorial possessions, of which there were more than one hundred. At the same time, new state entities continued to be born, for example, the Swiss Union in the mountain valleys of the Alps.
The peasants of the Alpine regions knew no personal dependence and were free. The greatest threat to them was the Habsburgs, who had estates here. In 1291, to fight the Habsburgs, three cantons – Schwyz, Uri and Unterwalden – signed the Eternal Union of Self-Defense. This was the beginning
In 1315 the Swiss peasant army routed the horse knights of the Habsburgs. The newly formed union became the center of the unification of one of their cantons. Formally, it was part of the Holy Roman Empire, although in fact it was a sovereign state. Only at the end of the XV century. The Swiss achieved independence. They were the best warriors in Europe and served as mercenaries in the armies of other countries.
In the legend it is told that the uprising of the Swiss was raised by the peasant Wilhelm Tell. He did not want to bow to the hat of the Hapsburg governor, Hesler, whom he hung on a pole near his house. Peasant grabbed. The governor ordered Tell to shoot an apple from the head of his son. The archer was able to fulfill this crazy whim. But when Gesler asked why Tell had hidden one more arrow in his bosom, he replied that if he had accidentally got into the child, this arrow would fly to the governor. An order was issued to arrest Tell. But the archer managed to escape, ambushed and killed Gesler, which was the signal for an uprising against the Habsburgs.
(1 votes, average: 5.00 out of 5)Related posts:
- The struggle of the Swiss for independence. The origins of European democracy Political changes in Germany continued. In it, in particular, the Swiss Union was formed. This took care of the Alpine shepherds, who rebelled against the Habsburgs. The beginning of the Swiss struggle for independence is connected with the courageous act of William Tell. This Swiss peasant allegedly refused to bow to the royal governor’s hat. […]...
- Education of the Holy Roman Empire The eastern part of the empires of Charlemagne went to Louis the German as a separate kingdom, uniting the lands of four, in fact independent, duchies: Swabia, Bavaria, Franconia and Saxony. In Germany, the formation of the state takes place in the reign of Otto I, who, after defeating the Hungarians in 955 near Augsburg, […]...
- Summary of William Schiller’s “William Tell” The action in the drama takes place in three Swiss cantons, which are located around the Firvaldshtetski Lake and were previously free, and now they are claimed by Austria. This led to a conflict between the Swiss and the Landsgoths (governors of the Austrian emperor). Residents of each of the three cantons have their resistance […]...
- Germany at the end of the Middle Ages. The German Empire of the 14th-15th centuries The dynasty of the Habsburgs did not remain in power for long. At the beginning of the XIV century. the feudal lords elected King Henry VII of Luxembourg. He founded the Luxembourg dynasty, which persistently tried to conquer Italy, quarreled with the popes. All this, in the end, fed up with the princes. To the […]...
- Summary of Gioacchino Rossini. Wilhelm Tell WILHELM TELL Opera in four acts Libretto by V. Etienne (Jouy) and I. Bis Characters: Wilhelm Tell Walter Furst Melchtal Arnold, the son of Melchtal Leithhold Gesler, governor of the Kaiser in Switzerland Rudolf Garras, the leader of the soldiers of Gesler Matilda, Hapsburg Princess Hedwiga, Tell’s wife Jemmy, the son of Tell Fisherman Hunter […]...
- Wilhelm Tell Schiller in brief The play takes place in three “forest cantons” – Schwyz, Uri and Unterwalden, which, united in 1291, formed the basis of the Swiss Union in the struggle against the Austrian domination of the Habsburgs. It is hard for ordinary people who suffer from arbitrariness of the governors of the Austrian emperor – fohts. In the […]...
- Strengthening of royal power in France In the X century. the western part of the former empire of Charlemagne was already called, not by Gaul, but by France. But France was not a centralized state at that time. In the IX-X centuries. it was the first in Western Europe to split into a number of independent possessions – the duchies of […]...
- Summary Wilhelm Tell Friedrich Schiller Wilhelm Tell The play takes place in three “forest cantons” – Schwyz, Uri and Unterwalden, which, united in 1291, formed the basis of the Swiss Union in the struggle against the Austrian domination of the Habsburgs. It is hard for ordinary people who suffer from arbitrariness of the governors of the Austrian emperor […]...
- Germany in the 14th-15th centuries Germany XIV-XV centuries. was distinguished by rapid development of cities, crafts and trade. This was facilitated by the favorable location of the country – at the crossroads of international trade routes. At the beginning of the XIV century. in Germany there were about 3500 cities. However, the development of the economy was significantly hampered by […]...
- Non-union sentences with subordination Non-union proposals with a subordinate connection are an unconditioned proposal, which both in structure and in the semantic relations between parts are identical to complex sentences. Such unconscious proposals consist of only two parts and are called closed, unionless complex sentences (or uncommitted proposals of a closed structure). The fixed (not free) order of the […]...
- The strengthening of the Moscow state in the 15th century The political successes of the Moscow principality, achieved during the reign of Dmitry Donskoy, were consolidated and developed by his successors. The son of Dmitry Donskoy, Prince Vasily I shortly after ascension to the throne annexed the principality of Nizhny Novgorod, as well as lands in the Vychegda river basin, populated by the Komi people. […]...
- The Australian Union 1. What are the minerals rich in the Australian Union? The Australian Union is a country occupying the whole continent that is part of the British Commonwealth of Nations. The Australian Union, which is called Australia, contains rich mineral deposits in its bowels. The regularity of the location of minerals depends on the structure of […]...
- Strengthening of royal power in Europe Feudal disunity in Europe could not last forever because it quickly fed everyone. The unending feuds between the great feudal lords, with shaky royalty, cost the society dearly, because they were waged by the devastation and blood. Tired of them all – and the small and medium feudal lords, townspeople, and peasants. Many were convinced […]...
- Union of magic sounds, feelings and doom AS Pushkin – an outstanding poet, writer of the first half of the XIX century. In his poems there is everything that every person should comprehend. The main kind of his work is lyrics, the main themes of which are freedom-loving, the appointment of poet and poetry, love and friendship, the theme of the Motherland, […]...
- Summary of the “Red Union” Doyle To Sherlock Holmes, the owner of a small loan fund named Jabez Wilson, who has an unusual red hair color, applies for help. The affairs of Mr. Wilson did not go well and he had to fire his workers. Some time ago, he hired an assistant to Vincent Spalding, who agreed to work for half […]...
- Basic dates and facts on the history of the Middle Ages Main dates on the history of the Middle Ages 395 The division of the Roman Empire into the Eastern and Western 476 The demise of the Roman Empire 486 Foundation of the Frankish Kingdom 610 Beginning of sermons by Mohammed 622 Relocation of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina 732 The Battle of Poitiers – the […]...
- The Birth of Byzantium In 330, Emperor Constantine made the capital of the Roman Empire the city of Byzantium, located on the picturesque shores of the Bosphorus. The new capital was first called New Rome, and later – Constantinople, that is, “the city of Constantine.” VI Art. From the report of the medieval historian Jordan about the visit to […]...
- Schools and universities in the Middle Ages. Foci of Education and Culture The European Middle Ages borrowed the school education system from antiquity, but enriched it, adapted it to new conditions. In the Middle Ages, both secular and secular schools were opened. They studied the children of feudal lords, townspeople, clergy, well-to-do peasants. The schools taught “seven free arts”: grammar, rhetoric, dialectics, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and music. […]...
- Conquest and loss of Italy. Friedrich I of Barbarossa. Frederick II Northern and Middle Italy for visibility was part of the Holy Roman Empire. She showed obedience to the emperor only when he sent his troops there. In general, it had to be conquered from time to time. The emperors did not spare any forces or means, because they were eager to reign over the Christian […]...
- Germany – the next empire. Otto I the Great The territory of Germany, inhabited by German, Roman and Slavic tribes, was first part of the Frankish Empire. After this empire fell, the local feudal lords elected Henry I as their king in 919. Germany, thus, became a separate state, but divided into several large self-governing regions: Alemania, Bavaria, Franconia and Saxony. After Henry I, […]...
- Strengthening of royal power in medieval France In 987, after the death of King Louis V of Lazy, the rule of the Carolingian dynasty ceased. The rulers of the duchies and counties elected a new king. He became a representative of the genus Robertinov – Count Hugo Capet. He was nicknamed the monastic hood, which was worn as a secular abbot of […]...
- Education of the Ottoman Empire Timur divided the Ottoman state among the sons of Bayazid, internecine wars began. Sultan Murad II managed to restore state unity, and the power of the country was Sultan Mehmed II, nicknamed the “Conqueror”. His cherished dream was the seizure of Constantinople. The Sultan is credited with the following words: “There must be one world […]...
- The great migration of peoples and the formation of barbarian states The period in the history that initiated the formation of national communities in Europe is usually called the era of the Great Migration of Nations. As a result of migration processes on the ruins of the Western Roman Empire, new state formations of Burgundians, Lombards, Angles, Saxons and others emerged. The first barbarian state on […]...
- Teaching and education in Byzantium In Byzantium, the career of an official was considered prestigious. It required a certain degree of education, which encouraged young people to learn. Education was not available to everyone, since there were few state schools, only clergy used to prepare church and monasteries, and private ones were paid. In addition, books were a luxury, not […]...
- The Frankish state of the Carolingians. Education After the death of Pepin of Geristalsky, his sons began a rivalry for power. Defeated by his illegitimate son Karl, the Mayor of 715. He had to face a serious external danger. From the south, the territory of the Frankish Kingdom was invaded by the Arabs and conquered almost the entire Iberian Peninsula. In 732, […]...
- The Board of Justinian I The highest flourishing in the early period of its history, Byzantium reached under Emperor Justinian I, who was born in the family of a poor Macedonian peasant. In Justinian’s life, his uncle, Justin’s mother, played an important role, a poorly educated peasant who had traveled from a simple soldier to an emperor. Thanks to Uncle […]...
- Christianity and the Church at the dawn of the Middle Ages Christianity appeared in the Roman era, but the world religion became in the Middle Ages, when its organization – the church was formed and strengthened. At the dawn of the Middle Ages the Church hierarchy already existed. In the Western Roman Empire, the head of the church was the pope, and in the Eastern Roman […]...
- Territorial division of labor in Russia 1. Highlight the main industrial and agricultural areas of the country on the map. Compare their location with the location of the main strip of settlement. The main industrial and agricultural areas on the whole coincide with the main distribution zone of the country’s population. 2. Expand the content of the concept of “territorial division […]...
- Main events, information and facts on the topic “Slavs and their neighbors” in the tables The Czech Kingdom Hungary Polish Kingdom 1085 – Prince Vratislav II receives the title of King of Bohemia; Economically developed country in the Holy Roman Empire OK. 1000 year – the formation of the Hungarian state István I The Holy – the founder of the Hungarian state X century. – the formation of the Polish […]...
- The emergence of medieval Europe. Roman and barbarian worlds in the middle of the first millennium Medieval Europe arose on the ruins of the Roman Empire not immediately, but for several centuries. It was formed as a result of the invasion of barbarian tribes, and above all Germanic tribes. These invasions completed the long process of unification of the Roman and barbarian worlds. How could these unlinky worlds come together, which […]...
- The beginning of a religious war. Prerequisites of the Crusades 1096-1270 biennium In the middle of the XI century. Pope Gregory VII with an iron hand brought order in the Catholic Church. He resolutely demanded that kings and big feudal lords should not interfere in church affairs, and that the popes and bishops should choose the clergy. The pope claimed that monarchs should be his vassals and […]...
- Christianization of Europe At the end of the IV century. the emperors Constantine I and Theodosius I turned the Roman Empire into Christianity. At the same time, some barbarian tribes on the territory of the empire became Christians. At the end of the 5th c. baptized Francs, later – Visigoths, tribes of the Iberian Peninsula, Lombards, separate tribes […]...
- Papal power. The split of the Christian church In the fifth and sixth centuries, taking advantage of the lack of strong state power in Italy, the papacy intensified. The popes became not only spiritual, but also secular lords of the Roman Diocese. In 756, Italy even formed a special Papal State, partially preserved until now. Gregory I the Great made a great deal […]...
- Education in Canada The school system of Canada is very similar to the US system, but there are some differences. Education in Canada is general and compulsory for children from 6 to 16 years, and in some provinces – up to 14 years. It is in the department of local authorities, and therefore can vary in each province. […]...
- Judicial power in medieval Europe Medieval Europe lived by written laws. At the dawn of the Middle Ages in the territory of the former Roman Empire, the court was carried out according to the collections of laws – barbaric “truths”. The “truths” clearly reflected the legal inequality of various social groups. Romanesque population adhered to the norms of Roman Law, […]...
- The main events, information and facts on the topic “Europe, Byzantium, the Arab World” in the tables A country Prominent figures Developments Byzantine Empire 1) Justinian and Theodora 2) Leo III Isaurus 3) The Macedonian dynasty 4) Vasily II The Bulgarian 5) the Comnen dynasty 6) the Paleologic dynasty 1) the code of Justinian The uprising of “Nika” Church of St. Sophia 2) iconoclasm 3) “Golden Age” of the empire; The flowering […]...
- Marriage and children in the Middle Ages At the dawn of the Middle Ages, marriages in Europe were influenced by Roman and barbarous traditions. Thus, Roman law legalized early marriages – from the age of 12, but until the end of the Middle Ages, the marriage age in Europe increased by several years. Traditions of the barbarians, unlike the ancient, allowed marriages […]...
- Composition of education It would seem that you can write about education? Learn well, this is important. Who is good at learning and knows a lot, everything will turn out well. But when I began to seriously reflect on the topic of the essay, I came to the conclusion that modern education has a problem. And not even […]...
- Transport and communications in medieval Europe Although the royal authority also cared about the construction of roads, without which it was impossible to reliably manage the state, the road network in medieval Europe was disgusting. Cobbled roads were a rarity. The majority of the roads of that time are ordinary paths traversed through fields and meadows and laid in forest thickets. […]...
- Scandinavian countries in the 12th-15th centuries Since the XII century, the population of Northern Europe has been growing rapidly. With the cessation of marches, the main source of the nobility’s profits is agriculture, so it starts actively appropriating land. Some of the free peasants found themselves in land dependence. The land was distributed to peasants for temporary use, for which it […]...