“Collecting land” in the XV century. The overthrow of the yoke, the disintegration of the Horde. Ivan III

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1. The strengthening of the Moscow state in the 15th century The political successes of the Moscow principality, achieved during the reign of Dmitry Donskoy, were consolidated and developed by his successors. The son of Dmitry Donskoy, Prince Vasily I shortly after ascension to the throne annexed the principality of Nizhny Novgorod, as well as lands in the Vychegda river basin, populated by the Komi people. […]...
2. Muscovy. Yuri Danilovich. Ivan Kalita At the turn of the XIII-XIV centuries. the great princedoms of the North-East of Russia have broken up into allotments-smaller independent principalities. In the XIV century. strengthened the Moscow and Tver principality. They began among themselves a fierce struggle for the Grand Duchy of Vladimir. The Moscow principality won, which extended its power to several […]...
3. The Mongol invasion of Russia. The Golden Horde yoke The fragmentation and princely internecine strife undermined the power of Russia. This situation in the XIII century. took advantage of the Mongol conquerors. The Mongols lived in the steppes of Central Asia. They were nomadic tribes, breeding horses, oxen and sheep. In 1206, at the kurultai of the Mongolian nobility, the leader of one of […]...
4. China after the overthrow of the Mongol yoke Despite the overthrow of the Mongol yoke, the struggle lasted another 20 years. The unification of the country was completed only in 1387 after the subordination of Liaotung. With the coming to power Zhu Yuanzhang conducted a number of reforms. The possessions of the Mongols were confiscated. All the lands that were captured by the […]...
5. The struggle of Russia for liberation from the rule of the Golden Horde. The Battle of Kulikovo Field Politics of Ivan Kalita continued his sons – Semyon Proud and Ivan the Red. In 1359 the prince’s throne was occupied by the nine-year-old son of Ivan the Red Dmitry. He, like his grandfather Ivan Kalita, proved to be an able and energetic ruler. It was thanks to his tireless energy in Moscow that the […]...
6. The beginning of the unification of Russian lands around Moscow According to the testament of Alexander Nevsky, his youngest son Daniil received possession of a small Moscow principality. Daniel set out to expand the boundaries of his possessions and began to collect Russian lands around Moscow. Moscow was in an area suitable for farming, cattle breeding and fisheries, at the intersection of important river trade […]...
7. Biography of Ivan the Terrible John IV Vasilyevich is the Grand Duke of Moscow and All Russia, the first Russian Tsar. Carried out a reform to centralize Russia, streamlined the military system, expanded the state’s borders. Childhood. The beginning of the reign Ivan Vasilyevich Grozny was born on August 25, 1530 in the village of Kolomenskoye near Moscow. In 1533 […]...
8. The Mongolian yoke in the 13th-14th centuries At the beginning of the XIII century. the state of the Jurden has weakened noticeably. The South Song Empire was preparing to regain its northern lands. However, these plans did not come true because a new formidable force arose-the Mongols, led by Genghis Khan. South Song sent envoys and military advisers to Genghis Khan. They […]...
9. The Vladimir-Suzdal Principality At the decline of the Middle Ages in Eastern Europe, a new state emerged and intensified, the Moscow state, with which historical destiny closely linked Ukraine. It was formed around Moscow, the first annalistic mention of which dates back to 1147. Rostov-Suzdal prince Yuri Dolgoruky, the youngest son of the Kiev prince Vladimir Monomakh, surrounded […]...
10. Main events, information and facts on the topic “Slavs and their neighbors” in the tables The Czech Kingdom Hungary Polish Kingdom 1085 – Prince Vratislav II receives the title of King of Bohemia; Economically developed country in the Holy Roman Empire OK. 1000 year – the formation of the Hungarian state István I The Holy – the founder of the Hungarian state X century. – the formation of the Polish […]...
11. The word about the death of the Russian land O light and brightly decorated Russian land! Many beauties you deprive: many lakes, you divide by rivers and sources of local people, the mountains are steep, the hills are high, the oak forests are frequent, the fields are marvelous, the beasts are different, the birds are countless, great cities, marvelous villages, honest noblemen, the Russian […]...
12. The First Turkish States With another neighbor, Turkey, the historical fate of Ukraine in the Middle Ages was closely linked. Around 1000, the nomadic tribes of the Seljuk Turks swept over Europe from the plains of Kazakhstan. They conquered Central Asia, Persia, Syria and Iraq, and soon – Armenia and Byzantium. In 1071, in battle near the fortress of […]...
13. Hungary in the Middle Ages The lands between the rivers Tisza and the Danube were inhabited long ago by Slavic tribes and, perhaps, by the ancestors of modern Romanians and Moldavians. At the end of IX c. there were migrated through the Carpathians Ugrians, who were pressed from the southern Russian steppes of the Pechenegs. They defeated the Great Moravian […]...
14. Moscow is the heart of Russia Moscow is the heart of Russia, the capital of a powerful state. Eight centuries have passed since the first time in the pages of the ancient Russian chronicle the name of Moscow was named. In 1147, the chronicler noted the meeting in Moscow of Vladimir-Suzdal prince Yuri Dolgoruky with his allies – Chernigov princes. This […]...
15. Biography of Dmitry Donskoy Dmitry I Ivanovich Donskoy – Grand Duke of Moscow and Vladimir. His nickname was after the victory in the Battle of Kulikovo. Early years Dmitry was born on October 12, 1350 in Moscow. In 1359, when his father died, in the biography of Dmitry Donskoy appeared guardian and mentor – Metropolitan Alexy. With him, Dmitry […]...
16. Composition on “Ivan the Terrible” Perhaps the most controversial figure in the history of Russia is Ivan the Terrible. On the one hand, a strong ruler, an outstanding statesman. Russia, more precisely, Russia, in the years of his reign increased by half. Under Ivan the Terrible, Russia was first perceived in Europe as a serious player in the political arena. […]...
17. The collapse of the Byzantine Empire. The Latin Empire At the end of the XI century. Crusades began. It would seem that this disaster will not affect the Byzantine capital – the center of Orthodoxy. But the organization of the Fourth Crusade was interrupted by a cunning old man – blind Venetian doge Enrico Dandolo. He conceived the hands of the Crusaders to destroy […]...
18. The collapse of Byzantium. End of the Middle Ages Resurrected Byzantium was a weak state. She was feverishly stricken by the cruel struggle for the throne, one area after another vanished from her, her wind was walking in her treasury, she was mercilessly plundered by the Genoese merchant class. Of the external enemies, it was most of all pestered by the Italian Normans, the […]...
19. Culture of North-Eastern Russia XIII-XV centuries Literacy in North-Eastern Russia in the XIII-XV centuries. Special distribution has not received. In the monasteries and at the prince’s court they copied books, which were beautifully decorated. Wrote on parchment or on birch bark – birch. In the XIV century. in Russia there was a cheap paper. Russian travelers described Constantinople, and the Tver […]...
20. Public Administration and Society of North-Eastern Russia The most important institution of state government in Russia in the pre-Mongol period was the prince’s power. The prince was not only the supreme ruler of the country or the land, but also the legislative administrator of all local life. In the state administration, the boyars played an important role. They were noble, rich people […]...
21. The first states of the Western Slavs. The emergence of the Slavic script Western Slavs – Czechs, Poles, Slovaks – come from the Slavic tribes who settled north of the Danube to the Baltic and Elbe. The Slavic community of the Balkan Peninsula became the basis for the formation of the southern Slavs: Bulgarians, Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, etc. The first state of the Western Slavs was formed to […]...
22. The German offensive to the east in the 12th-14th centuries Gradual spread of German settlements to the east was observed in the VIII century. and significantly intensified in the XII century, when, as a result of a long and brutal struggle, the German feudal lords captured the territories of the Polabian Slavs – the obedrites and the Lyutichs. The Margrave of Brandenburg, the Duchies of […]...
23. Painting by Repin “Ivan the Terrible and his son Ivan” This is one of the examples of the artist’s appeal to historical subjects, which caused him associations with the events of modern Russian life. For the first time the thought of writing a sad episode from the life of Ivan IV the Terrible came to Repin in 1882 after the Rimsky-Korsakov concert at the Moscow […]...
24. Biography of Yaroslav the Wise Yaroslav the Wise – Grand Duke of Kiev. The year of Yaroslav’s birth is not exactly known, but according to the conventional wisdom he was born in 978, although some historians deny it. Yaroslav’s father was Vladimir Svyatoslavich, mother – Rogneda Rogvolodovna. Even in his youth in the biography of Yaroslav the Wise, the title […]...
25. The conquest of Rus by the Mongol-Tatars. Genghis Khan. Baty Russia split into separate princedoms very inopportunely when the great Eurasian steppe came to life, where many nomadic tribes lived. At the beginning of the XIII century. the Mongols of Central Asia chose Khan Temucin as their talented commander and organizer. He was called Genghis Khan – “the ruler of the world.” Thus, a young […]...
26. Painting by VM Vasnetsov “The Battle of Ivan Tsarevich with the Three-Headed Serpent” As a child, I was very fond of listening and reading Russian folk tales and bylinas. Especially I liked the episodes where the main character wins the evil Serpent and releases the stolen princess. I very well represented all the details of the battle thanks to the beautiful illustrations of the book. Most of all […]...
27. “A Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich Quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich” Gogol in Brief Content A fine man Ivan Ivanovich! What a glorious beak he has! When it gets hot, Ivan Ivanovich will throw off the bekesh, rest in one shirt and look at what is happening in the yard and on the street. Melons are his favorite food. Ivan Ivanovich bites into a melon, and collects the seeds in […]...
28. A short story about how Ivan Ivanovich quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich NV Gogol A Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich Quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich A fine man Ivan Ivanovich! What a glorious beak he has! When it gets hot, Ivan Ivanovich will throw off the bekesh, rest in one shirt and look at what is happening in the yard and on the street. Melons are his favorite […]...
29. Composition “Symbols of Russia” Each country has official symbols: a coat of arms, a flag and a hymn. Without state symbols, it is impossible, without it there is not one significant event – be it an international forum, sports competitions or a military parade. In the symbols of the renewed Russia, the traditions of the past, the trends of […]...
30. Culture in the 17th century During the XVII century in Russia there was a process of secularization of culture – its liberation from church influence. The literature of the beginning of the century was marked by increased publicism, associated with the turbulent events of peasant unrest and Polish intervention. The most famous works are: “Legend” by Abraham Palitsyn, “The Temporary” […]...
31. The Battle of Kulikovo Field In the second half of the XIV century. The Russian princes had already acted harmoniously against the Horde. In 1378, the military forces of the Moscow and Ryazan principalities, led by the Moscow prince Dmitry Ivanovich, inflicted the first military defeat on the territory of Ryazansky Tatars. But the great Lithuanian prince Jagiello hurried to […]...
32. Biography of Ivan Urgant Ivan Andreevich Urgant – leading, humorist, actor. Ivan was born on April 16, 1978 in a star actor’s family. His grandmother is the famous actress Nina Urgant, father and mother are also actors. So since childhood in the biography of Ivan Urgant, a lot of time was spent in the theater, however, behind the scenes. […]...
33. Development of Russian culture in the 14th-15th centuries The Mongol invasion and the establishment of the Golden Horde yoke inflicted irreparable loss on the culture of Russia. Hundreds of talented artisans were killed and taken prisoner, which led to the decline of handicraft activities, and the crafts of individual species disappeared. Many architectural monuments were destroyed. Due to lack of funds and masters […]...
34. Biography of Alexander Nevsky Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky – Prince of Novgorod, Kiev, Vladimir, a great commander and a talented diplomat. Early years He was born on May 13, 1221 in the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky. He was the son of the Prince of Pereyaslav Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. In 1225, on the decision of his father in the biography of Nevsky, a […]...
35. The most outstanding events of Kievan Rus. Princes of Kievan Rus: Oleg, Olga, Svyatoslav, Vladimir Byzantium – a powerful state of the time with the capital of Constantinople, whose lands stretched along the southern coast of the Black Sea. Rus and Byzantium had long-standing ties, primarily trading. It was from Byzantium that Christianity came to our land – faith in the triune God – the Father God, his Son – […]...
36. I love you, my hometown! I love my homeland, my Ryazan region with its endless fields, boundless forests, calm rivers, birch groves. Ryazan is one of the central Russian cities. It is famous for its originality, greatness of history. Initially, the city was called Pereyaslavl. Located on the southern borders of Russia, the Ryazan principality experienced the most heaviness of […]...
37. The Battle of Neva and the Battle of Ice Russia, except the Mongols, threatened and other enemies: from the north, the Swedes and the Germans. Nineteen-year-old Alexander Yaroslavich, a Novgorod prince, in 1240 gamely repulsed the attack of the Swedes. The Swedish flotilla led by Jarl Birger entered the mouth of the Neva and was sent to Novgorod. Birger sent Alexander Yaroslavich a messenger […]...
38. Biography Aksakov Ivan Sergeevich (26.09.1823 – 27.01.1886) AKSAKOV Ivan Sergeevich (26.09.1823-27.01.1886), Russian publicist, poet and public figure. Together with his brother K. S. Aksakov and Yu. F. Samarin, he represented the so-called. “younger” Slavophiles. Son of the writer ST Aksakov. He graduated from the St. Petersburg School of Law (1838-42). On behalf of the Russian Geographical Society, he studied […]...
39. The composition of Vasnetsov’s painting “Ivan Tsarevich on Gray Wolf” VM Vasnetsov is an artist whose work has become one of the tops of Russian art. His best works are in the Tretyakov Gallery. The painting “Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf” was created in 1889 and is written on the plot of one of the most famous fairy tales. Before us, the window to […]...
40. Stormy VII-XI centuries of Byzantium. Iconoclasm Byzantium re-entered its “golden age”. From free peasants, she created a well-trained and armed army, built a strong fleet. However, she was constantly feverish: the struggle for the throne did not stop, quarrels among themselves, people’s riots and uprisings broke out, heretical movements arose. At the beginning of the VIII century. oil in the fire […]...