Biography Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov
(1873-1924)
Bryusov, Valery Yakovlevich, the poet, (1873-1924). The aliases – Aurelius, Bakulin, Nelli, etc. (1873-1924) are a poet, prose writer, playwright, critic, translator, literary critic and historian, one of the organizers and a recognized leader of symbolism. Bryusov was brought up, as he recalled, “in the principles of materialism and atheism.” From childhood Bryusov instilled rationalistic views on life, interest in natural sciences, independence of judgments, belief in the great destiny of the man-creator. “From fairy tales, from all” devilry, “I was assiduously guarded,” recalled Bryusov, “but I learned about Darwin’s ideas and the principles of materialism before I learned to multiply.” This upbringing affected the whole life and creative path of Bryusov. After graduating from the Moscow Private Gymnasium in 1892, Briusov entered the Historical Department of the History and Philology Faculty of Moscow
The basis of theoretical views and poetic practice in art for Bryusov became individualism and subjectivism. “In poetry, in art, the very personality of the artist is first and foremost,” wrote Bryusov, “and it is the essence – the rest of the form!” And the plot, and the “idea” are just a form! Any art is a lyric, every pleasure in art is communication with the soul of the artist…
The second period of the poet’s creative path is marked by four collections of poems: “The Third Guard” (1900), “Gradu i Miru” (1903), “The Wreath” (1906) and “All Tunes” (1909). Poetry of this time testified that in the worldview of Bryusov there have been changes. The poet’s connections with living reality were extended and strengthened. In these years, Briusov took one of the first places among his contemporaries in the depth of knowledge, multifaceted interests, the volume of literary and scientific work, devotion to culture. Verses are full of legendary and mythological, historical, geographical names and names – “The favorites of centuries”, “The truth of eternal idols”, “Vlastitelnye shadows”, “Assargadon”, “Odyssey”, “Napoleon”, etc. Another theme was the theme of the city, passed through all the work of the poet. Bryusov seeks beauty in the city’s labyrinths, calls the city “a deliberate miracle,” admires the “rampage” of human gatherings and the “sacred dusk” of the streets (“I Eagerly Enjoy You” (1899), “The City” (1907), “I Love in the Eyes of the Overdoers” (1899), The Public House (1905), The Gambling House (1905), but admiring the city does not prevent Bryusov from foreseeing the impending revolution. integrity and harmony of being (“At the Land” (1902), “Again with Secret Gratitude” (1911), cycles “U m, “Evening Songs”, “On the Granites,” “In the Field” (1899-1907) .But the “natural”
Poems about love, Bryusov grouped, as well as poems on other topics, in special semantic cycles – “More Fairy Tales”, “Ballads”, “Elegies”, “Out of Hell,” “Moments,” “Eros, Invincible in Battle,” ” Dead love “-” Doomed. ” – At the beginning of the century, the Russo-Japanese War and the Revolution of 1905 became the themes of his work, in many respects determine his views on life and art. The defeat of tsarism in the war led Brusov to the idea of the need for a revolution. It seemed to him that it was the revolution that would bring to life the heroic characters that the poet sought in the depths of antiquity (Medea, Anthony, Achilles at the altar, The Coming Huns, Close, etc.).
During the years of reaction, the theme of loneliness, fatigue (The Dying Bonfire (1908), The Demon of Suicide (1910), is intensified.) At the same time, the poet continues to praise the hard worker, the impudent seeker and the creator (The Mirror of Shadows (1912), Seven Colors rainbow “(1916), etc.)
But Bryusov wrote prose works, and in 1907 he published the book” The Earth Axis, “which included a number of short stories and the drama” Earth. “In 1908, the historical novel The Fiery Angel, and then there are two more novels and a story from the history of ancient Rome – “The Altar of Victory”, “Jupiter the Defeated,” “Ray Sil tions “(1911-1916). But, as in poetry, prose in the past presented with scientific accuracy and combined with modernity.
Knowing foreign languages, Bryusov translates a lot. Russian readers get acquainted with the works of Maeterlinck, Hugo, Edgar Poe, Racine, Moliere, Byron, Goethe and many others in Bryusov’s translations. V. Ya. Bryusov is the author of more than six hundred articles and reviews, of which over eighty are devoted to the study of Pushkin, Baratynsky, Fet, Tyutchev, Gogol, Blok and other Russian writers. After the October poems of Bryusov open the fourth and final period of his literary path, represented by the collections “In such days” (1921), “Mig” (1922), “Dal” (1922) and published after the poet’s death by the collection “Hurry!” (1924).
Throughout his creative career, Bryusov sought “the keys to secrets” to the most intimate human feelings, and tried to understand the causes of the birth of new forms in art. Bryusov made a significant contribution to Russian culture, his work paved the way for the development of many Soviet poets.
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