Basic facts on the topic “Natural areas of Eurasia”


    The natural zones of Eurasia are replacing each other from north to south – from the arctic deserts to the moist equatorial forests, but not all of them are stretched by a continuous strip from west to east. This is due to the variety of climatic conditions and the features of the relief on the territory of the continent. Areas of arctic deserts, tundra and forest-tundra stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific in a latitudinal direction. They are distinguished by a harsh climate, the lack of tall trees, large marshy and quite poor vegetation and wildlife. Forests of the temperate zone of Eurasia are the largest forest massif of the planet. There are three natural zones: taiga, mixed forests and broad-leaved forests. All of them have been largely changed by the economic activity of man. The zones of the forest-steppe and steppe occupy the interior parts of Eurasia. In the steppes are spread fertile black earth and chestnut soils, climatic conditions are optimal for the cultivation
    of cereals and other cultivated plants. The natural vegetation of the steppes was preserved only in the reserves. The zones of deserts and semi-deserts are located in the temperate, subtropical and tropical belts in the central and western parts of the continent. There are very few precipitations, intense heat, poor vegetation. Subtropical forests and shrubs are represented by natural zones of hard-leaved evergreen forests and shrubs on the Mediterranean coast of Europe and variable-moist forests in the east of Asia. Savannas in Eurasia occupy small areas on the Hindustan Peninsula. The wet equatorial forests of Eurasia are very similar in nature to the similar natural zones of Africa and South America, although there are many plants and animals here, inherent only in this area. In the mountains of Eurasia, altitudinal zonality of natural complexes is observed. The largest number of high-altitude belts in the world is observed in the Himalayas. The territory of Eurasia has undergone significant influence of human economic activity. Particularly affected were the natural complexes of Europe, which were replaced by man-made ones. To protect nature on the territory of Eurasia numerous reserves and natural national parks have been created.

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Basic facts on the topic “Natural areas of Eurasia”