Mixed and deciduous forests in Eurasia
The zone of mixed forests does not form a continuous band. It is located only in the west and east of the mainland. Mixed forests are common in the north of Ukraine. Here, coniferous and deciduous tree species grow on soddy-podzolic soils. Of coniferous pine and spruce, of deciduous – oak, linden, maple prevail. In the mixed forests of the Far East grow Siberian spruce, Korean cedar. Broad forests are growing south of mixed forests on brown and gray forest soils. Soils under them are more fertile than soils of the taiga. Here grow mainly heat-loving and moisture-loving trees: beech, oak, hornbeam, linden, maple.
The fauna of mixed and deciduous forests is more rich than in the taiga. Here live many large and small mammals: wild pigs, roe deer, red deer, wild cat. The largest animal of the natural zone is the bison – the rarest mammal, listed in the International Red Book. In the forests there are many birds: a wild pigeon, a white stork, owls.
Mixed and deciduous forests are much larger than taiga, changed due to economic activity of man. For centuries, not only have they actively harvested wood, but also liberated land for agriculture and urban construction. Forests have been preserved mainly in nature reserves and national parks.
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