Stockholm – the capital of Sweden – is called the Northern Venice not by chance. The city is located on the shores of the strait, connecting Lake Mälaren with the Baltic Sea, and on the islands in this strait. Stockholm is the largest city on the Scandinavian Peninsula. The city, founded in 1252, originally located … Read more
The composition of the population of the medieval city was extremely heterogeneous. The craftsmen prevailed in it, who themselves sold their own products, combining in one person an artisan and a merchant. Most of the urban population was involved in the service sector. They belonged to hairdressers, owners of inns, laborers, servants, etc. In large … Read more
At the end of VII century. The Arabs conquered North Africa from the Byzantines, and reached the Atlantic Ocean. They managed to convert the local Berber tribes to Islam. In 710, the Arabs crossed the strait, which the Greeks called the Hercules Pillars, and invaded the territory of Spain. The coastal rock, to which the … Read more
The heyday of Byzantium fell during the reign of Emperor Justinian. Justinian was an enlightened, intelligent, strong-willed and at the same time cruel, insidious, unlimited ambitious and power-hungry. He married the charming Theodore – a former circus actress. The best pair was not found! Theodora did not deny herself anything, she bathed in luxury, was … Read more
What was the Ukrainian city in the second half of the 19th century? From the second half of the 19th century. In the life and way of life of the population of Ukraine, serious changes have taken place. The most notable of these changes were in large cities, which were increasingly exposed to European influence. … Read more
At the beginning of the XV century. the Czechs have run out of patience. They rose to fight the German dominance and the “corruption” of the clergy. The townspeople sought a cheap church, noblemen – of its landed estates, and all together – the liberation of the country from German domination. The disgruntled head of … Read more
The real heyday of the Frankish kingdom reached in the era of the reign of Charlemagne, the son of Pepin the Short. It is by the name of Carla that the royal dynasty, founded by Pepin the Short, is called the Carolingian dynasty. The nickname “Great” Karl received for his activities, in the interests of … Read more
At the beginning of the XV century. The struggle of the Czech people against German domination and the Catholic Church was led by Jan Hus. He was born into a peasant family in the town of Gusintsy in the south of the Czech Republic. After graduating from Prague University, he received a master’s degree and … Read more
Alexey Kondratievich Savrasov was the first to open the way to the creation of the Russian lyrical landscape. The pupil of the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, he relied on the traditions of A. Venetsianov, M. Lebedev. Overcoming the tradition of academic romanticism, Savrasov confidently followed the path of life’s truth. Who does … Read more
At the beginning of the Middle Ages, Christianity for almost two centuries was the official religion of the Roman Empire. Support for the church by the state contributed to its administrative and economic strengthening. From the middle of the IV century. there is a certain difference in the relations between church and state in the … Read more