Medieval people – knights, merchants, artisans, monks, pilgrims – was in constant motion. They moved slowly enough, because then the vehicles did not develop a great speed. There were three types of transport: land, river and sea. The development of land transport was influenced by the condition of roads. Even the ancient Romans built a … Read more
In 987, after the death of King Louis V of Lazy, the rule of the Carolingian dynasty ceased. The rulers of the duchies and counties elected a new king. He became a representative of the genus Robertinov – Count Hugo Capet. He was nicknamed the monastic hood, which was worn as a secular abbot of … Read more
The city was located so that it was convenient to surround it with a protective wall, but that the environment should serve as protection for it. The first medieval cities were surrounded by an earthen rampart and a wooden palisade, the later ones were already renewed with one, two or even three stone battlements with … Read more
In the life of the urban lower classes, the features of peasant life and customs were preserved. Another thing – the life of rich burghers. The burghers increasingly preferred comfort and luxury, but did not show them off. Their houses they furnished with solid furniture. The life of a rich burgher hardly differed from the … Read more
The perception of the world by a medieval man was significantly different from ours. The man did not feel himself to be a citizen of the universe, he lacked the nearest environment, and everything else seemed alien and hostile. He determined the time approximately, according to the sun or by the rooster’s singing, and did … Read more
Germany XIV-XV centuries. was distinguished by rapid development of cities, crafts and trade. This was facilitated by the favorable location of the country – at the crossroads of international trade routes. At the beginning of the XIV century. in Germany there were about 3500 cities. However, the development of the economy was significantly hampered by … Read more
After the death of Pepin of Geristalsky, his sons began a rivalry for power. Defeated by his illegitimate son Karl, the Mayor of 715. He had to face a serious external danger. From the south, the territory of the Frankish Kingdom was invaded by the Arabs and conquered almost the entire Iberian Peninsula. In 732, … Read more
In 1359, John II, who was brought to London, Dobry signed a difficult peace treaty for France, according to which almost half of the country was transferred to Edward III, and for himself undertook to pay a considerable ransom. His son Dauphin Karl refused to accept the terms of the treaty. Then Edward III landed … Read more
At the beginning of the VIII century. almost the entire Iberian peninsula – the birthplace of the Spaniards and Portuguese – conquered the Arabs. Conquerors oppressed Christians, but at the same time acquainted them with the high achievements of Eastern culture. The population of the peninsula soon rebelled against the invaders. This liberation struggle, which … Read more
The process of origin and formation of medieval states was long and difficult. Its origins come from the period of the disintegration of the tribal system among the Germanic tribes. In those days, the attributes of power – the crown and the scepter – were not yet there, so the chosen among the other warriors … Read more