Cities on the old waterways of trade in the North-West of Russia

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1. Geographical position and nature of the North-West of Russia 1. Show on the map the states with access to the Baltic Sea. Which of them are Russia’s neighbors on land, at sea? The states that have access to the Baltic Sea are often called the Baltic States. They are easier to remember, if you list from the north clockwise, looking at the political map […]...
2. Cities in the Central District of Russia 1. Study the features of accommodation of cities in Central Russia. Where is their greatest concentration? Which parts of the area are the least urbanized? The location of the cities of Central Russia resembles the constellation of the Big Dipper: the largest cities form the “ladle” – Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, Yaroslavl, and the southern […]...
3. Culture of North-Eastern Russia XIII-XV centuries Literacy in North-Eastern Russia in the XIII-XV centuries. Special distribution has not received. In the monasteries and at the prince’s court they copied books, which were beautifully decorated. Wrote on parchment or on birch bark – birch. In the XIV century. in Russia there was a cheap paper. Russian travelers described Constantinople, and the Tver […]...
4. Society of North-Eastern Russia The population of North-Eastern Russia consisted of peasants, large, medium and small landowners, clergy, and townspeople. The Russian peasantry suffered a worse fate than the West European. If in the countries of Western Europe at sunset medieval peasants were released from corvée, in Rus, on the contrary, they were enslaved. At first, the Russian peasant […]...
5. The role of the European North in the development of Russian culture 1. For different sources of information, identify the centers of art crafts. Vologda lace, as you might guess, is made in Vologda. Such artistic crafts as bone carving and birch bark work use local material: walrus tusks and the outer part of birch bark. In the old days they wrote on birch bark as on […]...
6. St. Petersburg – a new “economic hub” of Russia 1. What political, military-strategic and economic tasks did the creation of St. Petersburg solve? “Window to Europe” enshrined the Russian presence in the Baltic, provided trade links with European countries and protected our north-western borders. At the crossroads of trade routes, the latest production facilities were able to develop rapidly. 2. Think about what factors […]...
7. The coastline of North America Unlike the continents of tropical latitudes, North America has a much more dismembered coastline. There are many islands, peninsulas, bays and straits. Near the northern and eastern shores of the continent lie islands of continental origin. Among them, Greenland is the largest island in the world. Its area is 3.5 times larger than the territory […]...
8. Physiographic location of North America The location of North America on the earth’s surface differs significantly from the physico-geographical position of the continents of tropical latitudes. This explains the dissimilarity of its nature with the nature of the continents studied by us. The lines of the equator and the zero meridian do not apply to North America. It is entirely […]...
9. Public Administration and Society of North-Eastern Russia The most important institution of state government in Russia in the pre-Mongol period was the prince’s power. The prince was not only the supreme ruler of the country or the land, but also the legislative administrator of all local life. In the state administration, the boyars played an important role. They were noble, rich people […]...
10. Relief and minerals of North America 1. Explain the location of large relief forms on the mainland. Why are the Cordilleras located in the west of the mainland? Map the physical map of North America with a map of the structure of the earth’s crust. The North American platform is expressed in relief by the Central and Great Plains, and the […]...
11. Lakes of North America North America is the mainland of large lakes. The pioneers of America, mastering new lands, liked to add the epithet “big” to the name of the geographical object. And we were not mistaken, because of the world’s eight largest lakes in the world, 8 are located here. Most of the lakes are mainly tectonic or […]...
12. Stages of development of farms in the European North 1. How has the significance of the European North changed in the Russian economy as it evolved? What is the reason for the reduction and strengthening of the role of the region in the economy of the state? The European North has long been a supplier of furs, salt and fish. From the end of […]...
13. Rivers of North America Among Africa, Australia and South America, North America is second only to South America in terms of the density of the river network and the number of rivers, lakes and marshes. However, due to the heterogeneity of the climate, they are unevenly distributed. The rivers of North America belong to the Atlantic basins. Pacific and […]...
14. Relief of North America The relief of North America is closely connected with its tectonic structures. The ancient and young platforms in the modern relief correspond to the plains, the regions of folding in the extreme West and East – the mountains. Plains occupy 2/3 of the surface. The Canadian shield corresponds to the relief of the Laurentian Upland, […]...
15. The struggle of cities for self-government. Cities-communes The whole land belonged to the feudal lords, and therefore the cities stood on their land and were considered their property. The city was like a vassal of the feudal lord. The townspeople completely depended on his whims and appetites, the feudal lord tried to squeeze out of them as much as possible profit. This […]...
16. Cities of the Urals. Problems of the district 1. Geographers argue that the city-millionaires have an advantageous geographical position. Confirm this by analyzing the geographical location of Yekaterinburg and Perm or Perm and Chelyabinsk. These cities consistently arose in the beginning of the XVIII century, the first two – with the direct participation of the outstanding organizer of mining, the historian and geographer […]...
17. The Volga-Vyatka region of Russia 1. Look at the physical map and find the physical and geographical objects that determine the natural appearance of the area. The image of the district is defined by three rivers, two of which gave the name to the district, and the third is the one located between them – Vetluga. On the territory of […]...
18. Geographical position of North America. History of discovery and exploration of the continent 1. On which components of nature are the most clearly reflected features of the geographical location of North America? The peculiarities of the geographical location of North America most clearly reflect on such natural components as soils, vegetation and fauna. Compare the nature of the Canadian Arctic archipelago and the central regions of Mexico, and […]...
19. Revival of trade in Europe in the 11th-15th centuries With the advent of cities in Europe in the XI-XV centuries. trade revived. It was the cities that formed the local market. Sometimes the cities were united in trade unions, the most powerful of which became in the XIII-XIV centuries. The Hansa. The Hansa included almost 80 cities of Northern Germany, the Baltic states and […]...
20. The structure of the earth’s crust of North America North America along with Eurasia is the remnant of the ancient continent of the northern hemisphere of Laurasia, which began to split into modern continents at the end of the Mesozoic era about 100 million years ago. The oldest and largest in area tectonic structure of North America is the North American platform, which is […]...
21. Moscow is capital of Russia 1. Give a description of the economic and geographical situation, population and economy of Moscow. What information sources will you need for this? Recall that the economic and geographical situation is the position of the object in relation to other objects of economic importance: to other countries, cities, transport routes, mineral deposits, ie, the location […]...
22. From the history of discovery and research in North America Long before the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus, Normans visited the inhabitants of the Scandinavian Peninsula. In the X century. they led Eirik Raudi from the island of Iceland set off across the expanses of the ocean to the west and reached an unknown land – the island of Greenland. A thousand years ago, […]...
23. Great Novgorod in the 10th-12th centuries Novgorod was founded among forests on the banks of the Volkhov River. With the formation of the Kiev state Novgorod land was included in its composition. At the end of the X century. Novgorod became the second largest city in Russia after Kiev. Through it was a well-known trade route “from the Varangians to the […]...
24. General information about North America The land area is 24.2 million km2. The population is -490 million people. The highest point above sea level is in McKinley. The lowest point from sea level is the Valley of Death. The longest river is Mississippi with Missouri. The largest lake is the Upper. The largest island is Greenland. North America is the […]...
25. Forming the climate of North America Since North America is very elongated from north to south, there are great differences in the temperature characteristics of its northern and southern parts. This is due to the increase in the angle of incidence of the sun’s rays on the earth’s surface. So, in the north even in July the average temperatures do not […]...
26. The population of North America 1. What is the origin of the peoples of North America? The origin of the peoples of North America, as well as of the peoples of South America, is the history of the conquest and settlement of continents by Europeans. If in the colonization of South America the greatest participation was taken by the Spaniards […]...
27. Key facts on the topic “North America” North America is completely located in the Northern and Western hemispheres, stretching almost 7 thousand km from north to south, has a heavily dissected coastline. Its closest neighboring continents are Eurasia and South America. The first of the Europeans reached the northern coasts of North America, the Normans in the 10th century, but information about […]...
28. Trade and usury in medieval Europe Trade and craft were the economic basis of medieval cities. For a large part of the population this was the main occupation. In the XI-XV centuries. foreign, as well as transit, trade, which concentrated primarily in the two main European regions, developed significantly. One was the area of ​​the Mediterranean, where the trade routes that […]...
29. Central Black Earth region of Russia 1. The objects being compared should have something in common. In this case, the two economic regions bordering each other are called “Central”. The comparison must have a goal. For example, find out the cause of the differences or determine the consequences. Comparison can pursue a practical goal or a theoretical, scientific one. The purpose […]...
30. Interesting facts about “North America” In 1992, humanity celebrated the 500th anniversary of the discovery of America. Was Christopher Columbus first? Numerous pre-Columbian discoveries of America left a big mark in history. Tobacco, whose homeland is Central America, was found in the burials of Egyptian pharaohs. But from where? There is evidence that the Vikings, Phoenicians and Chinese people visited […]...
31. Forest steppes and steppes in North America In North America, the forest-steppe and steppe zones extend in the meridional direction from the taiga in the north to the coast of the Gulf of Mexico in the south. Here, west of the Mississippi, under conditions of a continental temperate and subtropical climate, precipitation falls less than in the east. Therefore, grassy vegetation predominates. […]...
32. Territorial division of labor in Russia 1. Highlight the main industrial and agricultural areas of the country on the map. Compare their location with the location of the main strip of settlement. The main industrial and agricultural areas on the whole coincide with the main distribution zone of the country’s population. 2. Expand the content of the concept of “territorial division […]...
33. The struggle of cities for self-government. Communal movement Since medieval cities were formed on the land of secular and spiritual feudal lords, they accordingly submitted to them. The feudal lords were interested in this, because the craft and trade gave a lot of income. However, the desire of the feudal lords to pull out of the city as much money as possible aroused […]...
34. Population distribution in North America In North America, there are 490 million people, or more than 7% of the world’s population. This is 1.5 times more than in South America, but half as much as in Africa. The average population density is 20.2 people / km2, which is almost 2.5 times less than the world average. The territory of the […]...
35. The economy of the North Caucasus 1. List all branches of the agricultural specialization of the European South. What was the basis for their development? The region occupies a leading position in Russia in terms of the gross harvest of sunflower, sugar beet, fruits and berries, gross grain harvest, as well as the sheep and goat population. Almost all agricultural products […]...
36. Central Russia: composition, geographical location 1. What economic regions are part of Central Russia? What do you think are the conditions that underlie the division of Central Russia into the Central, Central Black Earth and Volga-Vyatka regions? In Central Russia, there are 3 economic regions: Central, Central Black Earth and Volga-Vyatka. Their natural differences are underlined even in the names: […]...
37. General questions to countries of South-West Asia 1. The Mediterranean Sea is washed by 17 states of Europe, Asia and Africa. Which of them left the greatest impact on the world culture? Mark all these states on the contour map. The smallest in terms of area of ​​the country can be noted in figures and make a footnote in the legend. In […]...
38. Ancient Russia The main source of our knowledge of ancient Russia is medieval chronicles. In the archives, libraries and museums there are several hundred, but in fact this is one book written by hundreds of authors, starting work in the 9th century and ending it seven centuries later. First you need to determine what is the record. […]...
39. Southern seas of Russia 1. Using maps of the atlas, give a comparative physico-geographical description of the Black and Azov Seas. In the atlas for the 9th grade there are physical maps, they show the relief of the bottom, depicted with the help of isobaths – lines of equal depth. These maps show that the Black Sea is located […]...
40. Agriculture and plant growing in Russia 1. Why is the share of agricultural land so small with such a large area of ​​Russia? Compare their area with the area of ​​agricultural lands of other countries. Indeed, agricultural land in Russia occupies small areas. This can be explained by the fact that most of the country’s territory is in an inappropriate climate […]...