Atlantic Ocean

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1. Climate, properties of water masses and the organic world of the Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean extends in all climatic zones, therefore the climate of its open spaces is quite diverse. Most of the ocean is in tropical and temperate latitudes. Climatic conditions here define the trade winds and the western winds. The strongest winds reach the temperate latitudes of the southern part of the Atlantic Ocean. Because […]...
2. From the history of the study of the Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean people began to learn from time immemorial. Its waters, according to scientists, washed the legendary Atlantis. Within its limits sailors of ancient Greece sailed. Carthage, and later – Scandinavia. After Christopher Columbus in 1492 carried out his famous journey, the Atlantic Ocean began to actively develop. Since then – this is the […]...
3. General information about the Atlantic Ocean The ocean area is 91.7 million km2. The maximum depth is 8742 m. Number of seas -16. The largest seas are Sargasso and the Caribbean. The Mediterranean. The largest bay is Mexican. The largest islands and groups of islands are Great Antilles, Great Britain, Newfoundland, Iceland, Ireland. The most powerful currents are the Gulf Stream, […]...
4. Use of natural resources of the Atlantic Ocean The most important sea routes connecting the countries of Europe and Africa with the New World pass through the Atlantic Ocean. On the coast and the islands of the Atlantic are world famous recreation areas and tourism. The busiest sea routes run between 35-40 ° and 55-60 ° N. w. Historically, the Atlantic Ocean has […]...
5. Regularities of the change of natural complexes of land and ocean In the fact that there are different natural complexes on land and in the Ocean, one can be convinced by realizing an imaginary journey along one of the meridians from north to south. Such a change of natural complexes can be traced on all continents. Its main cause on the plains is the change in […]...
6. Arctic Ocean 1. What is the peculiarity of the geographic location of the Arctic Ocean? How does it affect its nature? The peculiarity of the geographic location of the Arctic Ocean lies in its name. This is the northernmost of the oceans. A significant part of it is covered with thick ice that does not melt throughout […]...
7. Life in the ocean 1. What is the peculiarity of the spread of life in the ocean? Life in the World Ocean is widespread, but species composition and density of plants and animals in the ocean are extremely diverse and uneven. Living organisms adapt to life under certain conditions, formed by a combination of different properties of water masses. […]...
8. Climatic conditions and water masses of the Arctic Ocean The climatic features of the ocean are determined by its polar position. During the year over the ocean, the arctic air masses dominate. Most of the solar energy, which still reaches the arctic latitudes, is reflected by ice. The temperature of the ice surface changes with the air temperature, decreasing to -40 ° C during […]...
9. The climate and water masses of the Indian Ocean The climatic conditions of the ocean are determined by its geographical location. The Indian Ocean is reliably protected by mountains from the penetration of cold air masses from the north, so the surface water temperature in the northern part of the ocean is +29 ° С, and in the Persian Gulf in summer it rises […]...
10. Pacific Ocean 1. Highlight the most characteristic features of the nature of the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the oceans in terms of area; its nature is extremely diverse. This ocean is distinguished by its depth and age of formation, based on the hypothesis of the continental drift of A. Wegener. The relief […]...
11. Patterns of the distribution of natural areas in Eurasia Since the territory of Eurasia lies in all climatic zones of the Northern Hemisphere, all natural zones known on the planet were formed here. On the mainland, in contrast to North America, the latitude zonation of natural zones is more apparent, that is, their change from the equator to the poles. In addition, due to […]...
12. Natural resources of the Indian Ocean Over 1 billion people live on the coast of the Indian Ocean. In the northern regions, industrial fishing is developing, it is 5% of the world. Since ancient times in the Indian Ocean, especially in the Persian Gulf, around the island of Sri Lanka, pearls have been mined. On the beaches of the Indian Peninsula, […]...
13. World Ocean The world’s ocean is the largest part of the hydrosphere, it covers 71% of the earth’s surface. Conditionally it is divided into four oceans: Pacific, Atlantic. Indian. Arctic. In some countries of the world, the water area around Antarctica is singled out as the fifth – the Southern Ocean. Oceans, like the continents, are the […]...
14. The climate and properties of oceanic waters of the Pacific Ocean Climatic conditions over the territory of the Pacific Ocean are due to its location in all climatic zones, except polar. Most precipitation falls around the equator – up to 2000 mm. Due to the fact that the Pacific Ocean is protected by land from the influence of the Arctic Ocean, its northern part is warmer […]...
15. Geographic location and dimensions of the Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean occupies 1/3 of the entire earth’s surface and 1/2 of the World Ocean area. Almost in the middle it is divided by the equator, the meridian passes through its waters 1804 The ocean ishes the shores of five continents. The western part of the ocean is bounded by Eurasia and Australia, the […]...
16. Waters of the World Ocean 1. What determines the salinity of ocean waters? The world ocean – the main part of the hydrosphere – is a continuous water shell of the globe. The waters of the World Ocean are heterogeneous in composition and differ in salinity, temperature, transparency and other signs. The salinity of the waters in the ocean depends […]...
17. Natural zoning 1. Natural complexes are very diverse. Which of them are called natural zones? The natural complex of land, as well as the complex of the geographical envelope as a whole, is a heterogeneous formation and includes natural complexes of lower ranks that differ in the quality of the components of the complex of natural components. […]...
18. Natural areas of South America 1. What are the features of the similarities and differences between the natural zones of South America and Africa. You already know that distinguishing features of similarities and differences is a method of comparison. Carefully study the maps of the natural areas of South America and Africa. Performing task 2 after 42, you compared the […]...
19. Basic facts on the topic “Natural areas of Eurasia” The natural zones of Eurasia are replacing each other from north to south – from the arctic deserts to the moist equatorial forests, but not all of them are stretched by a continuous strip from west to east. This is due to the variety of climatic conditions and the features of the relief on the […]...
20. General information about the Arctic Ocean The ocean area is 14.1 million km2. The maximum depth is 5527 m. Quantity is fashion -11. The largest seas are the Greenland, Norwegian, Kara, and Beaufort. The largest bay is the Hudson. The largest islands and groups of islands are Greenland, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Spitsbergen, Novaya Zemlya. The most powerful currents are Norvazhskoye, […]...
21. Physiographic location of Eurasia Eurasia is the largest land mass on our planet. In terms of area, it occupies more than 1/3 of the Earth’s total land area. Like North America, Eurasia is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere relative to the equator. Its extent from west to east is impressive: the continent crosses not only the zero, but […]...
22. Indian Ocean 1. What impact on the nature of the Indian Ocean has its physical and geographical position? Features of the geographical position of the Indian Ocean are its relative closeness on three sides of the horizon. From the north is located Eurasia, in the west – Africa, and in the east – the Great Sunda Islands […]...
23. Key facts on the topic “North America” North America is completely located in the Northern and Western hemispheres, stretching almost 7 thousand km from north to south, has a heavily dissected coastline. Its closest neighboring continents are Eurasia and South America. The first of the Europeans reached the northern coasts of North America, the Normans in the 10th century, but information about […]...
24. Climatic zones of the Earth The amount of solar radiation decreases from the equator to the poles, and the air masses are formed depending on the geographical latitude. Therefore, each latitude is characterized by its signs of climate. In this way, according to latitude, climatic belts are singled out – huge territories within which the main climate indicators hardly change. […]...
25. The rivers of the basin of the Arctic Ocean To the basin of the Arctic Ocean are such large rivers in the north of Asia as the Ob, Yenisei and Lena. The most full of them is the Yenisei. The largest river basin in Eurasia is the Ob. Rivers originate in the mountains of Southern Siberia, so in the upper reaches the nature of […]...
26. From the history of the study of the Pacific Ocean The beginning of the exploration by the Europeans of the Pacific Ocean was laid by Fernand Magellan, who carried out in 1519-1521. trip around the world. Crossing a large water area from east to west, seafarers, to the surprise, never fell into a storm. The ocean was weatherless. This gave grounds to call him Quiet. […]...
27. The interaction of the ocean with the atmosphere and the land 1. How is heat and moisture exchanged between the ocean and the land? The waters of the World Ocean interact with the air of the atmosphere and through the transfer of air masses affect the temperature and humidity on the land surface. 2. What is the difference between air masses formed over land and ocean? […]...
28. Climatic zones and regions of Eurasia The great extent of Eurasia from north to south determines the formation over its territory of all types of air masses of arctic, temperate, tropical, equatorial. Therefore, the continent is located in all climatic zones of the northern hemisphere. The considerable length of the continent from west to east predetermines the difference in the climate […]...
29. Plan for the study of the continent Physico-geographical position: the area of ​​the continent, its location relative to the equator, the zero meridian, the tropics and polar circles, seas and oceans, other continents; extreme points; the length of the continent from north to south and from west to east. History of discovery and exploration of the continent. The structure of the earth’s […]...
30. General features of the location of natural areas of the southern continents. Their soil map 1. What are the features of the geographic location of the southern continents? A feature of the geographic location of the southern continents can be considered their partial or complete location in the Southern Hemisphere. This situation determines the features of the climate, the combination of natural zones, the nature of human activity on the […]...
31. Natural complexes of the islands of Oceania In Oceania, natural complexes of coral, volcanic and continental islands can be distinguished. Natural complexes of coral islands are monotonous. A flat surface does not exceed an absolute altitude of 3-10 m above sea level. The vegetation of coral islands is very scarce – only a few plant species. The dominant plant of the islands […]...
32. Rivers of North America Among Africa, Australia and South America, North America is second only to South America in terms of the density of the river network and the number of rivers, lakes and marshes. However, due to the heterogeneity of the climate, they are unevenly distributed. The rivers of North America belong to the Atlantic basins. Pacific and […]...
33. Natural areas of Africa 1. On the map, determine in which climatic zones are tropical deserts and semi-deserts. To complete this task, you will need maps of natural zones and climatic zones. Determine in what climatic zones are these natural areas. Why did they form exactly in these climatic zones? The main reason is the average annual rainfall, typical […]...
34. The interaction of nature and society 1. Explain why the bulk of the world’s population lives on the plains and along the shores of the seas and oceans. On the plains, as well as along the shores of the seas and oceans, the most favorable natural conditions for the life and economic activities of people are created. 2. What climatic zones […]...
35. From the history of the study of the Arctic Ocean The exploration of the Arctic Ocean has always been a difficult and dangerous business. People who have studied the ocean in different periods are real heroes, they deserve appreciation and respect. At the end of the XVIII century. According to the results of the sailing of the Russian expedition Vitus Bering, a reliable map of […]...
36. The negative influence of man on nature Due to the increase in the population of our planet, there is a need for new territories for the expansion of cities and villages, the construction of factories and factories, and the construction of communication routes every year. Almost 1/3 of the land is occupied by agricultural lands: arable land, orchards, vineyards, meadows, pastures, tea […]...
37. Types of protected areas The nature protection objects include: nature reserves, national nature parks, sanctuaries, nature monuments, etc. Their total area in the world is more than 4.5 million km2, or 3% of the land area. Specific scientific research institutions in which natural complexes are protected and explored are reserves. The territory of reserves is completely excluded from economic […]...
38. Common questions to Africa 1. Why is it important to know the geographic location of the continent? What are the characteristics of the geographical location of Africa? Geographical position is the leading concept in geography. Other geographic characteristics also depend on the geographic location. Africa can be called the warmest continent based only on the characteristics of its geographical […]...
39. Physical and geographical location of Africa Africa is the continent of heat, impenetrable thickets of equatorial forests, huge savannas and endless deserts. The uniqueness of nature is determined by the peculiarities of the location of Africa on our planet, that is, its physical and geographical position. Physico-geographical position – the location of the territory with respect to a variety of natural […]...
40. Key facts on the topic “South America” The continents of South and North America form a single part of oppression. The northern part of South America crosses the equator, the middle part – the Southern Tropic, and the southern part of the continent reaches 54 ° S. extending into temperate latitudes. Part of the world America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in […]...