Nature of Kazakhstan composition
Kazakhstan occupies the 9th place in the world (2 million 724.9 thousand km squared), while the population is only 17 million people, the rest of the territory is unoccupied by people – these are boundless steppes, deserts and mountains, which are a habitat of thousands of species of animals and birds.
Kazakhstan is the world’s largest country that does not have access to the World Ocean, while the territory of Kazakhstan is washed by the inland seas: Caspian and Aral. The nature of Kazakhstan is beautiful in its own way. It is severe, since most of the country’s territory consists of deserts – 164 million hectares (44%) and semi-deserts (14%), Only 26% of the territory is occupied by steppe territories, and only 5.5% (21 million ha) zone. In the central part of the country there is a “yellow steppe” – Sary-Arka, and to the west from it – Turgai plateau. The territory of Kazakhstan is so huge that it seizes the Ural Mountains in
The climate in the republic is mostly sharply continental. In the south, the temperature reaches + 49 degrees in the summer, and in the north in winter it can drop to -57 degrees. At the same time, the weather in the desert is often volatile and unstable, it’s hot in the daytime, and the northern winds blowing at night bring cold.
As for the country’s water resources, despite the fact that most of the country is desert, but in Kazakhstan there are 8.5 thousand small and large rivers. The largest of them are the Urals, Emba, Syr Darya, Ishim, Ili, Irtysh and Tobol. One of the largest lakes in Kazakhstan is Lake Balkhash. To date, Kazakhstan pays great attention to the conservation of the ecosystem, flora and fauna of the Aral Sea, which is partly located on the territory of the country. Kazakhstan also owns all the northern and part of the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea – it is almost 2340 km.
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Most of the forests in the country are located in the mountains of the northern Tien Shan and Altai. There are juniper forests and high-mountain meadows, apple trees and walnut trees grow in the gorges. Among the mammals living in the northern Tien Shan, the most prominent are the snow leopard, brown bear, Siberian mountain goat. Taiga forests are found on the territory of Altai, where a natural reserve on Lake Markakol was created on the Kazakh territory. Here, in the taiga forests, there are such rare species of birds as wood grouse, hazel grouse, white partridge.
An exciting and exciting spectacle is the steppes of Kazakhstan. Here you can find several hundred species of birds that inhabit the area of numerous fresh and salt lakes. Lake Tengiz in Central Kazakhstan is home to one of the world’s most rare and beautiful bird species – pink flamingos. To protect them, the government of Kazakhstan established the Kurgaldzhinsky Reserve.
Among the deserts of Kazakhstan is the desert of Betpak-Dala, the desert of the Ustyurt plateau, the sandy desert of Kyzylkum, the Moinykum desert, as well as the Aral Kara Kum. Here live gazelles and jerboas, as well as a thunderstorm of all deserts – a viper. In addition to it, 16 other species of snakes were found on the territory of Kazakhstan. Of course, we must not forget about the largest lizard, which lives only in the sands of Kyzylkum – a gray lizard.
The nature of Kazakhstan is diverse, its desert massifs are vast, and the mountain peaks are high and severe. Flora and fauna of the country is represented by various species of rare and unique species of animals and plants, many of which are listed in the Red Book.
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