House in medieval Europe. Description
The medieval people lived in houses that lacked the conveniences that were usual for us. In the cold season, they were heated with a fire, the smoke from which came out either through a hood over the fireplace, or through windows and a hole in the roof. Expensive glass was used almost exclusively in church buildings, windows in houses were tightened with parchment or oiled cloth. In the summer the room was more or less light, in the autumn and in the winter there was a twilight, as it was lit with oil lamps and greasy candles, which were very smokey and lightly lit. Wax candles were a luxury item. Kitchens in the house mostly was not, the food was cooked in the room where the hearth was. There they set the table. Elementary amenities were not even in the palaces. All the rooms in the palace were located by Anfilada. To get from one end of the palace to the other,
In winter, the residents of the house froze, as the fireplace did not save from the cold, and did not know the central heating of the Middle Ages. In winter, the outer clothing and headgear were not removed, when they were going to bed, they undressed right in bed to get under the saving blanket.
The furniture in the house – tables, benches, beds – was rough and massive. So, the beds decorated with the canopy were huge, they lay naked without the slightest embarrassment of the whole family, and even with the guests. There were no separate rooms for children and women in a medieval house.
The house served not only as housing. On the first floor there was a shop or workshop, raw materials and tools were stored.
Medieval people were afraid of everything and therefore turned their house into a small fortress. The British still speak of their dwelling: “My house is my fortress”.
Anfilade – a number of adjacent rooms, the door openings of which are located on one straight line.
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