Icons as historical monuments. Icons of princely times

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1. How and what icons were created 1. What icons were created in Cossack times? Created icons and Cossack times. During the second half of the 17-18 centuries. especially popular in Ukraine was the icon of the Pokrov. In the lower part of these icons there were images of representatives of the Cossack sergeant, the atamans, the hetmans. The Mother of God […]...
2. Monuments of ancient Russian literature In the 11th-12th centuries, the cultural development of Kievan Rus took off. The cultural centers were large cities, many of which acquired the importance of European centers: Novgorod, Kiev, Galich. The excavations carried out by archaeologists allow us to speak about the high culture of the townspeople, many of whom were literate. This is evidenced […]...
3. Stormy VII-XI centuries of Byzantium. Iconoclasm Byzantium re-entered its “golden age”. From free peasants, she created a well-trained and armed army, built a strong fleet. However, she was constantly feverish: the struggle for the throne did not stop, quarrels among themselves, people’s riots and uprisings broke out, heretical movements arose. At the beginning of the VIII century. oil in the fire […]...
4. Life in the times of Kievan Rus 1. What were the most ancient cities on our lands? The lands of Russia in 9-10 centuries. foreigners called the “country of hail”. “Grads”, that is, fortresses, were built of wood – they planted, hence the name – “garden”, or “hail”. The settlements gradually turned into cities. Large cities consisted of three parts. One of […]...
5. Kiev is the capital of Ukraine Kiev – the capital of Ukraine (since 1934) and the center of the Kiev region – is located on the Dnieper River and is the country’s largest city, its main industrial, transport and cultural center. It is a railway junction and a river port with a population of 2,809,000 inhabitants. Kiev was founded in the […]...
6. Biography of Andrei Rublev Andrei Rublev is an icon painter, canonized in the face of the Reverend. Biography of Andrei Rublev contains few reliable facts. The exact date of birth of Rublev is not known, and the place of birth is called the Moscow Principality or Novgorod. Andrew grew up in the family of icon painters. Later he was […]...
7. Culture of North-Eastern Russia XIII-XV centuries Literacy in North-Eastern Russia in the XIII-XV centuries. Special distribution has not received. In the monasteries and at the prince’s court they copied books, which were beautifully decorated. Wrote on parchment or on birch bark – birch. In the XIV century. in Russia there was a cheap paper. Russian travelers described Constantinople, and the Tver […]...
8. Byzantine culture Over the centuries, Byzantines have created a vivid and diverse culture that has become a kind of bridge between Antiquity and the Middle Ages. This was facilitated by the education system in the country. Children started to study at the age of 6-9. For two or three years they learned to read through church books, […]...
9. Excursion to the Historical Museum Recently we all class visited the Historical Museum. This two-story building of an ancient building is located in the center of the city. At the entrance of it there are a tank and a cannon – as battle symbols of the military prowess of our grandfathers, great-grandfathers, who defended our land from the fascist invaders. […]...
10. Composition on the theme of historical memory Old album with other people’s photos. “And people are passing by, people are walking…” This episode formed the basis of the thoughts of the writer Julia Lyalikova over the problem of historical memory. A case from life: the narrator finds an old album with photos near the trash. The author draws attention to the fact […]...
11. The Baptism of Rus and its meaning The beginning of the reign of Vladimir Svyatoslavich. Protection of Russia from the nomads. After the death of Svyatoslav in Kiev, a quarrel broke out between his sons. In the course of it, Oleg and Yaropolk perished, and the power in 980 was captured by Vladimir, who had ruled before in Novgorod. Vladimir went down […]...
12. Byzantium in the VII-XI centuries. Iconoclasm At the turn of the VI-VII centuries. Byzantium quickly lost part of its possessions, both in the West and in the East. In the middle of the VII century. The Byzantine territory was halved compared to the time of Justinian. Now it increasingly took the form of a medieval state. Instead of the Roman title […]...
13. The most outstanding events of Kievan Rus. Princes of Kievan Rus: Oleg, Olga, Svyatoslav, Vladimir Byzantium – a powerful state of the time with the capital of Constantinople, whose lands stretched along the southern coast of the Black Sea. Rus and Byzantium had long-standing ties, primarily trading. It was from Byzantium that Christianity came to our land – faith in the triune God – the Father God, his Son – […]...
14. From stories about the life of historical personalities Grigory Kvitka-Osnovyanenko, a Ukrainian writer and author of the first stories in Ukrainian literature, was a pious man. This circumstance significantly influenced his literary work. A five-year-old boy, with a serious eye disease, he made a pilgrimage to the Ozyory monastery with his mother and suddenly saw the light. This amazing, unexpected healing – it […]...
15. Works about monuments Monument to Alexander Pushkin in Moscow. Creativity of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin is rich and immortal, on it has grown more than one generation. The poet lives in the memory of people. But besides this, monuments are created that remind people of how the poet looked, carry his image. One of the monuments Pushkin u is […]...
16. The most famous temples of Ukraine. The Kiev-Pechersky Monastery. Cossack architecture 1. What is famous for the Kiev-Pechersky Monastery? In Ukraine, probably, there is no person who has not heard a forehead about the monastery – the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. It is located in Kiev on the Dnieper slopes. The monastery was founded around 1051, presumably by Antony Pechersky. First it was located in caves – hence […]...
17. Composition about Lviv Lviv is the capital of Western Ukraine, is a large industrial and commercial center of Ukraine. Its narrow ancient streets and historic center make it one of the best places in the country. Lviv was founded as a fortress in the middle of the 13th century by Danilo Galitsky and was named after his son […]...
18. Heresy and the Inquisition In the XIII century. In medieval Europe there are heretical movements associated with the emergence and flowering of cities. It was in the cities that the number of educated people increased, able to read religious books and reflect on their content. They understood that the servants of the church did not in any way resemble […]...
19. Sights of Kiev Ukraine has a long history and rich culture. Therefore, we have many attractions. It is quite natural that the capital of the country, Kiev, has the greatest number of attractions. It is one of the oldest cities in Europe. From time immemorial Kiev was the center of Slavic culture. In the city there are many […]...
20. History of Khreshchatyk and its everyday life 1. What is the history of the central street of Kiev – Khreshchatyk? In Ukraine, probably, there is no person who would not know about this street. Khreshchatik belongs to the fame of the main street of Kiev, its symbol. Khreshchatyk is sung in verse and songs, is depicted in pictures, is shown in many […]...
21. Historical personalities. Taras Shevchenko – a symbol of the Ukrainian revival People whose names and actions are fixed in the sources and whose actions influenced the course of historical events are called Historic Persons. A historical personality, for example, is Vladimir Monomakh. Look through the pages of the textbook and name the others. The historical personality, whose name became the symbol of the Ukrainian revival, is […]...
22. Clergy. “Those who pray” The most honorable place in the medieval society of Europe was occupied by the clergy. It was formed in the early Middle Ages, when Europe became Christian. The main duty of the clergy was to perform worship and church ordinances. The clergy were not homogeneous. It was divided into categories – spiritual dignities, from the […]...
23. Central Russia: features of the population 1. What do you think, what became the modern “Great Russian”? What qualities of his ancestors were preserved, and which ones were formed anew? Reading the description of the Great Russians, many Russian schoolchildren, probably, were delighted. Indeed, all the listed qualities can be called positive and it is pleasant to think that they were […]...
24. Pushkin’s historical works The theme of the historical past of the homeland always excited Pushkin, both a poet and a prose writer. He created such works as “The Song of the Wise Oleg,” “The Borodino Anniversary,” “Poltava,” “The Bronze Horseman,” “Boris Godunov,” “The History of the Pugachev Riot,” and of course the “Captain’s Daughter.” All these works describe […]...
25. Information about Africa in ancient times North Africa has been known to Europeans for a long time. After all, there, on the banks of the Nile, there was one of the first developed civilizations – Ancient Egypt. In the east of the Mediterranean coast, on a narrow coastal strip lived a people of mariners – Phoenicians, known since biblical times for […]...
26. Seven times measure cut once The famous proverb made me think: is it always necessary to measure seven times before cutting? Everyone knows the proverb “measure seven times, cut once”. Let us turn to the possible origin of the proverb. In the statement itself “measure seven times (initially -” try on “), cut once” it’s about simple and quick action: […]...
27. “Tour of Moscow” composition Many sightseeing routes are known in Moscow, today we intend to hold only one. The theme of our excursion is “Ancient monasteries in the White-stone capital”. Moscow monasteries have long been known as the abodes of Russian Orthodox culture. Here Zaikonospassky monastery, it was founded in the year 1,600 by Tsar Boris Godunov, and then […]...
28. Architecture and art of medieval Europe. Romance and Gothic styles At the beginning of the Middle Ages, construction was so launched that the then masters were forced to study the architectural achievements of the ancient Romans. As a consequence, in the X century. Romanian architectural style begins to form in Western Europe. This was the first pan-European style that spread in the 11th-12th centuries. Christians […]...
29. The Vladimir-Suzdal Principality At the decline of the Middle Ages in Eastern Europe, a new state emerged and intensified, the Moscow state, with which historical destiny closely linked Ukraine. It was formed around Moscow, the first annalistic mention of which dates back to 1147. Rostov-Suzdal prince Yuri Dolgoruky, the youngest son of the Kiev prince Vladimir Monomakh, surrounded […]...
30. Summary Hard Times Charles Dickens Hard Times There are two close friends in the city of Kokstown – if you can talk about friendship between people, equally deprived of warm human feelings. They are both at the top of the social ladder: and Josiah Bounderby, “the famous rich man, banker, merchant, manufacturer”; and Thomas Gradgrind, “a man of […]...
31. Events in history 1. Why the description of the unsuccessful campaign of Prince Igor Svyatoslavovich in 1185 remained in the memory of the descendants In the 12th century. Our lands suffered from attacks of the nomadic people – Polovtsians. A participant in the struggle against them was Novgorod the Great Prince Igor. In 1185, together with his son […]...
32. The most famous temples of Ukraine. St. Sophia Cathedral in Kiev 1. When did St. Sophia Cathedral appear in Kiev? The Cathedral of St. Sophia was built in times that are considered the heyday of Kievan Rus. Rules then the son of Vladimir the Great Prince Yaroslav. Having spent many campaigns and battles, having obtained the right to the principality in Kiev, Yaroslav escaped the accusations […]...
33. Development of Russian culture in the 14th-15th centuries The Mongol invasion and the establishment of the Golden Horde yoke inflicted irreparable loss on the culture of Russia. Hundreds of talented artisans were killed and taken prisoner, which led to the decline of handicraft activities, and the crafts of individual species disappeared. Many architectural monuments were destroyed. Due to lack of funds and masters […]...
34. Painting Vereshchagin “In the Assumption Cathedral” The artist-battleship Vasily Vasilyevich Vereshchagin reveals many of his paintings to us in the war-time. It would seem that we know a lot from history, heard the stories of old people, but have never seen separate episodes from which it’s just goose bumps. It is this opportunity that gives us Vasily Vereshchagin. His painting “At […]...
35. Mr. Veliky Novgorod Vladimir-Suzdal princes tried to extend their power to the entire North-East Russia, but could not conquer the Novgorodians. Novgorod is situated on the Volkhov River. It was inhabited by colonists, trappers, fishermen, warriors-traders-people of restless disposition. They carried out hunting raids and military raids on eastern lands – up to the White Sea and the […]...
36. “Dickens’ Heavy Times” in Brief Content In Kokstown live two close friends – if you can talk about friendship between people, equally deprived of warm human feelings. They are both at the top of the social ladder: and Josiah Bounderby, “the famous rich man, banker, merchant, manufacturer”; and Thomas Gradgrind, “a man of sober mind, obvious facts and accurate calculations,” who […]...
37. Culture of Kievan Rus The history of culture of Kievan Rus covers several centuries. The Eastern Slavs were in the political union a little less than three hundred years. However, it was during this period that their spiritual community was formed. This community still has considerable influence on the East Slavic peoples, standing apart from other Slavs and traditionally […]...
38. Sights of Ukraine Ukraine is one of the oldest and most beautiful countries in Eastern Europe. In ancient times, it was known as Kievan Rus, and that is why its current capital is called Kiev. The country has a fascinating history and rich culture. In addition to historical monuments, churches, museums, palaces, Ukraine is full of natural wonders […]...
39. Biography of Sergiy Radonezhsky Sergius of Radonezh – Hieromonk of the Russian Church, the converter of monasticism in Northern Russia, the founder of the Holy Trinity Monastery. Was ranked as a saint. Childhood Sergiy Radonezhsky was born on May 3, 1314 in the village of Varnitsy near Rostov. At baptism, the future saint received the name Bartholomew. At the […]...
40. Assumption Cathedral of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra The Assumption Cathedral of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra was built in 1073-1089 by architects from Constantinople. The laying of the Great Assumption Church took place in the summer of 1073 from the Nativity of Christ, during the days of the prince Svyatoslav, the son of Yaroslav. Construction and decoration were accompanied by many miracles. The solemn […]...