Feudal castle in medieval Europe
At the end of IX c. in Europe, the construction of feudal castles begins. They were built not only by rich lords, but also by middle-class feudal lords. The massive construction of the castles
The emergence of medieval towns
In the X-XI centuries. there is a revival of old and the emergence of new urban centers. This was predetermined by important economic processes, primarily the development of agriculture. During this period, the Bipolis
Medieval heresies. The Inquisition
The church became very rich. The higher clergy bathed in luxury, the laity called for living in poverty. For many, this provoked a protest. XII century. From a revelatory speech against the shortcomings of
The beginning of a religious war. Prerequisites of the Crusades 1096-1270 biennium
In the middle of the XI century. Pope Gregory VII with an iron hand brought order in the Catholic Church. He resolutely demanded that kings and big feudal lords should not interfere in church
The Crusades of the 11th-13th centuries
The growth of the political influence of the papacy was particularly evident in the organization of the Crusades to the East. At the end of the XI century. Christian pilgrims lost the opportunity to
Michelangelo Buonarroti
Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael died almost simultaneously. The third brilliant master of the high Renaissance, Michelangelo Buonarroti, has outlived his great contemporaries. The first half of his work takes place in the same
Clothing and footwear in medieval Europe
Medieval Europeans dressed warmer than the Romans, because the climate in Europe was colder, besides, the church considered the body “sinful” and demanded to carefully cover it. Europeans managed only with outer clothing. The
European culture of the early Middle Ages
At the heart of medieval culture is a combination of ancient heritage and traditions of barbarian peoples. Christianity fell by force, which managed to unite them. At the turn of the V-VI centuries. the
Schools of medieval Europe
The first educational institutions of the Middle Ages were monastery, parafial and cathedral schools. However, they usually taught only one teacher, or a master, as his contemporaries called it. He passed the entire course
The End of the Hundred Years War and the Unification of France
Joan of Arc gave her life for France for good reason. The French gradually liberated their country from the English invaders. Charles VII entered Paris. In 1453 the English owned only the city of