Novel “Tamango”, written in 1829, continued the theme, common in the leading French literature – the colonial activities of whites and the oppression of the Negroes. In the novel Merimee is given the image of a typical slaver, Captain Ledoux. He and his assistants are opposed by the Negro leader Tamango and his fellow tribesmen. … Read more
Reading the comedy of Moliere, one involuntarily thinks that the great playwright somehow mystically saw our time – the modern Jourdens, when people who are uneducated, sometimes even semi-literate seek to gain both title and power. Jourdains will never die, while there are people who believe that you can buy something that is not given … Read more
Not every connoisseur of Khayyam poetry guessed that there was an allegorical meaning hidden in them. To interpret it is not so simple: for this you need to orient yourself in the cultural traditions of the medieval East. Thus, in the time of Khayyam, a religious-mystical doctrine called Sufism arose that had a huge impact … Read more
What happiness to live in the world! Live in this world, on Earth! Hello, soldier! The soldier is the most terrible and brutal war! My name is Sergey Rogov. I am studying in the 7th grade of the secondary school No. 30 in Podolsk, Moscow Region. You, of course, do not know me. After all, … Read more
Know well that I would not exchange my sorrows for slavish service. Aeschylus Literature of Ancient Greece played a huge role in the cultural development of mankind. Many years separate us from the heyday of ancient Greek art, but we still continue to read his best works. Among them are the tragedies of the great … Read more
The novel “Red and Black” is a true narrative about the society of the Restoration period in France. This is a socio-psychological novel, based on the conflict between the individual and society. The path of the main character Julien Sorel leads to the idea that in the era of Napoleon, he could become a hero, … Read more
Our future is in our hands. Surely, each of us repeatedly heard these words from the lips of parents, teachers. And this future depends on how much effort we will attach to its construction. To date, while studying, we use what our parents, past generations, have created. But a few years will pass and we … Read more
Julien Sorel – the protagonist of the novel – a nineteen-year-old youth, generously gifted by nature with mental abilities and an ardent heart. He is a son of a plebeian by origin. His father is a former peasant. To the beginning of the story, the old man Sorel is the owner of the sawmill. He … Read more
Goethe’s creative path, which covered sixty-five years, was marked by the creation of the highest examples of poetry, prose and drama, closely related to the German cultural tradition and attained universal spiritual and aesthetic significance. This multidirectionality is one of the evidences of universality and plasticity of the Goethe genius. The creative development of the … Read more
The first breath of a spring drop. From the roofs of houses, melt water slowly drips, the last snow, symbolizing the winter reign, disappears. Nature throws off a warm blanket of snow, covering it all the cold season. A wonderful time awakening the world around us. Special joy is brought by the pierced snowdrops, which … Read more
The legend of Hamlet was first recorded at the end of the XI century by the Danish historian Samson Grammatik in his collection of legends and chronicles entitled “The History of Denmark”. This legend says that during paganism, one of the rulers of Jutland was killed at the feast by his brother Feng. Then Fengon … Read more
Meeting with Lou Andreas-Salome Rilke considered the most important event of his life, which conditioned his “second birth” – as a man and as a poet. The sign of this “birth” was the replacement of the name given to him by the “Renee” by the more “courageous”, in his opinion, the name “Rainer”. It was … Read more
One of the reasons for the long-term dramatic success of Shakespeare’s dramas is their amazing theatricality. Many spectators received from Shakespeare’s performances the brightest theatrical impressions in their lives. Many actors best revealed their talents when playing roles in Shakespeare’s plays. Many of the creators of the performances reached their main creative peaks in the … Read more
Here is my secret, it is very simple: only one heart is sharp. The most important thing you will not see with your eyes. A. de Saint-Exupéry The French writer Antoine de Saint-Exupery was a pilot, flew over South America, over the Cordilleras, over the Sahara, laid new tracks, broke up, came to the aid … Read more
It would seem that you can write about education? Learn well, this is important. Who is good at learning and knows a lot, everything will turn out well. But when I began to seriously reflect on the topic of the essay, I came to the conclusion that modern education has a problem. And not even … Read more
The most difficult war in all history, which was in this world is the Great Patriotic War. For a year she experienced the strength and will of our people, but our ancestors passed this test with honor. Many writers described in their works love for the homeland of the Soviet people and hatred of the … Read more
When my mother takes offense at one of us, her family members, she says: “Why did not you think of me? I’m also a person.” This, in her understanding, is the most convincing argument. Indeed, to be a person in the generally accepted view is to have thoughts, feelings and desires, this means being worthy … Read more
With whom did his struggles leak? With yourself, with yourself… B. Pasternak In the center of Stendhal’s novel is the fate of the descendant of the lower classes, who is trying to break his way into a higher society, to fame and fortune. The author traces the whole path of the hero in detail, from … Read more
The drama of Shakespeare “Romeo and Juliet” I read only this year. The film, based on its motives, looked much earlier. And the fact that “there is no sadder story in the world than the tale of Romeo and Juliet”, I knew from the very childhood. And I am sure that many people, not yet … Read more
The meaning of the poem is a person’s comprehension of his sinfulness and an ascension to the moral life, to the spirit, to God. Only then can you find peace of mind when you realize all your sins, repent, renounce earthly goods, and redeem what you have done with suffering; about this says “Divine Comedy.” … Read more
Having enclosed himself in close apartment blocks of houses, tying himself to machines and simulators, televisions and tablets, a person became very dependent on progress and from people serving every moment of his surrogate life. And at the same time, feeling this endless dependence, everyone tries to protect from internal encroachment their inner freedom, their … Read more
Have you been to the forest in the summer? Walks in the forest – it’s so nice, but the observant person is also interesting. The forest will certainly endow such a person with its gifts. A mushroom grew up under the tree. Velvet brown hat, tight white leg. It’s a white fungus, you can say, … Read more
Why Exupery “Little Prince” is called a philosophical tale? In the fairy tale there is a deep subtext that makes you perceive the read not as a fairy tale, but as a reflection on the real life and the person’s attitude towards it. What is an allegory? This is an allegorical image of objects, concepts. … Read more
The genre of E. Hemingway’s work “The Old Man and the Sea” is often defined as a story-parable. The word story is familiar to you: this is the name of an epic work, characterized by a single-line storyline, but by the breadth of the coverage of life phenomena and the depth of their disclosure occupying … Read more
How did it happen that Ben – an experienced pilot, had to deal with “non-flying business”? The oil company in which Ben served, abandoned expensive oil developments on the shores of the Indian Ocean, and a large group of pilots was forced to resign. To earn money, Ben rented an airplane, cinematographic equipment, a diver’s … Read more
As already noted, Stendhal was an active participant in the romantic movement and a fighter for the creation of a “new art” in France. The well-known critic Sh. De Sainte-Beuve called him “the hussar of romanticism,” bearing in mind that in the then military tactics the hussar regiments were advanced detachments of the troops, entered … Read more
The first novel of Cervantes “Galatea” was written in a traditional manner, but the usual artistic means and techniques received a new, deeper philosophical content in it. His distinctive feature, which later determined the construction of the novel “Don Quixote”, was the erection of an idealized world of feelings and relationships into the rank of … Read more
What noble spirit is to submit to the Sling and the arrows of a furious fate? Or, when they fight against the sea of troubles, fight them with Confrontation? Shakespeare The tragedy of Shakespeare, and especially the image of Hamlet, always evoked contradictory responses. The German poet W. Goethe attributed the tragedy of the hero … Read more
In the big city there lived two poor children. “They were not a brother and sister, but they loved each other like a brother and sister.” They went to visit each other, played together and loved to sit on a bench under the bushes of roses. One day, when the children were examining a picture … Read more
Each girl, when she grows up, will become a mistress in her future own home. All the basic skills are taught to us in childhood. I wanted to help my mother from childhood. Now I understand that earlier I was more in her way when I tried to help. If I tried to wash the … Read more
The pronoun differs from other parts of speech in that it does not have its constant and persistent lexical meaning; its value is variable and depends on the meaning of the word to which it indicates or instead of which it is used. Therefore, a pronoun can be defined as part of a speech that … Read more
In “David Copperfield,” Charles Dickens continues to develop the theme of “high hopes.” It is this theme that defines in the novel its symbolism. Two symbols – “the road of life” and “the river, the stream”, are cross-cutting in the narrative of the writer, and both “paths” lead to the sea. Dickens gives these images-symbols … Read more
Moliere is a playwright, poet, actor – created wonderful plays, still not descending from the scenes of many theaters of the world, such as “Tartuffe”, “Don Juan”, “Misanthrope”. And one of the best, brightest of his comedies is “The Bourgeois in the Nobility”, where the author drew a satirical image of the bourgeois. Before us, … Read more
Favorite children’s entertainment writer was a game in the Revolution. “I made myself a small tricolor banner,” he later recalled, “and in the days of the Republicans’ victories wore him alone in the uninhabited rooms of our big house.” Stendhal’s voluminous texts, on which he worked since the 1820s, were preceded by a dedication: “To … Read more
Shukshin’s story “The sun, the old man and the girl” can be attributed to the genre variety “story-fate”, because before the reader’s eyes the whole life of the 80-year-old man sweeps. The reader sees a girl at a turning point in her destiny. Problems The problems of this early story (1963) are moral and ethical. … Read more
On the manuscript of the completed novel, published under the name “Red and Black,” Stendhal first wrote “Julien Sorel”. And this shows that the writer primarily intended to offer the reader an artistic history of life and death of a young man of low birth who is forced to fight for his existence in the … Read more
Have you ever thought about the importance of your native language in the life of a Russian person? About this in his journalistic article argues literary critic S. Kaznacheev. The author raises the problem of the development and preservation of the Russian language, the use of words or symbols that belong to foreign languages, namely … Read more
My name is Andrew. My family and I live in Yekaterinburg. We live in a nice apartment in a modern residential building. Our apartment is on the third floor of a nine-story building, which has all the modern conveniences, from central heating to the elevator and a garbage chute. We have a cozy three-room apartment. … Read more
I was created to become a gardener. A. de Saint-Exupéry Antoine de Saint-Exupery – a man of extraordinary bright, versatilely gifted professional pilot, keen on drawing, music, verses from an early age. The peculiarity of Exupery is in a rare combination of the pilot’s professional vision with a philosophical insight into the essence of life. … Read more
“What did you do with your life?” F. Sagan Now our market is filled with tabloid “female” novels. I’m sorry for those who are addicted to them. It’s like watching TV shows or going to the forest in a spacesuit. In them there is no place for life, mind, real feeling. But the novels of … Read more
Very controversial experiences caused me the story of Edgar Poe “Froggy”. The protagonist of the story is a dwarf and a cripple, a court jester. For a funny jumping gait, he was nicknamed the Frog. At the court of the stupid and cruel king there was one more dwarf – the graceful dancer Trippet, who … Read more
Rejecting the classical canons, Stendhal at the same time recognized the existence of “iron laws” of reality and the need for their knowledge of the artist. He said: “It is necessary that the imagination has mastered the iron laws of the real world and, accordingly, was corrected by them.” This led him beyond romanticism, for … Read more
Kurt Vonnegut – the most famous American writer of German origin, prose writer and journalist. He is a classic and legend of American culture, he is called modern Mark Twain. The writer’s ancestors came to America long before the appearance of the Statue of Liberty. Both grandfather and father Vonnegut were born in Indiana, but … Read more
Realistically multifaceted and accurate recreation of everyday life of different layers of French society, the color of time and terrain; a pronounced anti-war pathos, manifested in protest against the violence and cruelty of the invaders, a sarcastic image of false patriotism, behind which moral vices hide, admiration of the compatriots who did not submit to … Read more
Work is an integral part of our lives. Without work, people become bored and hopeless. Money is not the only reason why people work. Many professions should develop and settle with the passage of time. For example, when teachers, doctors, artists, composers do not work for a long time, they begin to lose their skills. … Read more
The peak of Dante’s creativity is the “Divine Comedy”. The poem is written as a poet’s wanderings in the afterlife. Dante’s guide on this journey is the poet, the author of the Aeneid, Virgil. In the work it is a symbol of the mind directing people to earthly happiness. Virgil explains everything that the author … Read more
Taking into account the historical and cultural significance of the joint living and spiritual community of the peoples of Russia, on January 13, 2009, the President of the Russian Federation signed the Decree on the celebration in 2012 of the 1000th anniversary of the unity of the Mordovian people with the peoples of the Russian … Read more
For the first time the history of the old man and the sea of Hemingway was briefly described in the essay “On the Blue Water: The Gulf Stream Letter” published in the Esquire magazine back in 1936. The writer himself was very fond of fishing, was friends with Cuban fishermen, knew their laws and customs … Read more
I like reading science fiction books. But I do not like all the works of science fiction writers. I’m not interested in all-powerful supermen, leading endless star wars, insanely and ruthlessly conquering all, exciting more and more new territories of the universe. I like reading books, warning books that can be useful to a modern … Read more
Ibsen’s plays written in the mid-seventies of the 19th century were called “new dramaturgy” by critics. What was new in these works? First, the mapping of the present day and the display of living people, not historical characters. Secondly – the exposure of the soullessness of bourgeois society with his preaching of selfish individualism. This … Read more