Summary War and peace in volumes, parts and chapters. Volume 3
From the end of 1811, the increased armament and concentration of forces of Western Europe began, and in 1812 millions of people, counting those who transported and fed the army, moved from the West to the East, to the borders of Russia, to which they also contracted from the 11th year forces of Russia. “For us it is not clear that millions of Christian people would kill and torment each other, because Napoleon was power-hungry, Alexander is firm, England’s politics are cunning, and the Duke of Oldenburg is hurt.” It is impossible to understand how these circumstances relate to the very fact of murder and violence; why, because the duke is offended, thousands of people from the other side of Europe killed and ruined the people of the Smolensk and Moscow provinces and were killed by them. ” For the beginning of the war, Napoleon and Alexander did not have enough will, “it was necessary to coincide countless circumstances, without one of which the event could
The Russian emperor has been living in Vilna for more than a month, making reviews and maneuvers. From the expectation of all tired. “All the aspirations of the people surrounding the sovereign seemed to be aimed only at forcing the sovereign, having a good time, to forget about the upcoming war.” In Vilna, a ball is given, the emperor is present. “Here at the ball was Helen Bezukhova, who was honored to dance with
After a meeting in Moscow with Pierre, Prince Andrew goes to Petersburg. Home, he says that he is on business, but in fact – to find Anatole and call him to a duel. But Kuragin had already left St. Petersburg, having been appointed to the Moldovan army. In St. Petersburg, Prince Andrew meets Kutuzov, who offers him a place in the Moldovan army, to which Andrei immediately agrees, because he hopes to meet his abuser there. Prince Andrew understands that Kuragin – a nothing, but, despite all the contempt, can not help calling him to a duel. Prince Andrew goes to Turkey, but in the Turkish army Kuragin is not caught – he again went to Russia. When the news of Napoleon’s invasion reaches Prince Andrew’s regiment, he submits an application to Kutuzov for transfer to the Western army. “Kutuzov, who is already fed up with Bolkonsky’s activities, who serves him reproachfully in idleness, “very willingly dismisses him and gives an order to Barclay de Tolly.” On the way, Prince Andrew visits the Bald Mountains, where everything remains as before, “like in an enchanted castle.” Only his son has changed and grown. Prince Prince continues to terrorize Princess Mary, complains to Andrew of her stupidity, asks his opinion on this score. Prince Andrew is annoyed and says that his father is acting unjustly, having distanced himself from his daughter and, instead of her, bringing to her “unworthy Frenchwoman” who, in his opinion, The father screams and throws his son out before leaving, Andrei talks with Princess Marya, who complains about his fate. “Andrei exclaims:” Oh, my God! .. And how do you think that and who – what insignificance – can be cause of unhappiness of people! ” Princess Mary understands that, “speaking of people whom he called a nonentity, he meant not only Mademoiselle Bourien… but also the man who ruined his happiness.” Princess Mary reminds him that one must forgive his enemies, to which Prince Andrew objects: “If I were a woman, I would do it.” This is the virtue of a woman, but a man can not and should not forget and forgive. ” Andrew arrives at the headquarters of the army at the end of June and finds there a very diverse audience – there are about a dozen “parties” in the headquarters that do not agree with the views on the war. If I were a woman, I would do it. This is the virtue of a woman. But a man can not and should not forget and forgive. “Andrei arrives at the headquarters of the army at the end of June and finds there a very diverse audience – there are about a dozen” parties “in the headquarters that do not converge in views on the war. If I were a woman, I would do it. This is the virtue of a woman. But a man can not and should not forget and forgive. “Andrei arrives at the headquarters of the army at the end of June and finds there a very diverse audience – there are about a dozen” parties “in the headquarters that do not agree with the views on the war.
The first party was: Pfuel and his followers, theorists who “believe that there is a science of war, and that this science has its own unchanging laws.”
The second party was the opposite of the first, its members, on the contrary, demanded nothing to make up in advance, but get involved in a fight and decide everything in the course of events. Bagration belonged to this party, Ermolov and others began to rise. They believed that “we must not think, do not pierce the map with needles, but fight, beat the enemy, do not let him into Russia, do not let the army fall down.”
To the third party, to which the emperor had the most trust, were the courtiers of transactions between the two directions. Arakcheev entered this party. Of all these “parties”, one, the ninth, was distinguished, consisting of people who were old, reasonable, “state-experienced”. They believed that all bad things occur primarily from the presence of the sovereign with the military court in the army, because of which “the vague, conditional and hesitating shakiness of relations that is convenient at the court, but harmful in the army, has been transferred to the army.” One of the main representatives of this party, the Secretary of State, Shishkov, wrote to the Emperor a letter that Balashev and Arakcheev agreed to sign. Having obeyed the request, the emperor leaves the army in order to inspire people to the war in the capital with his presence. Prince Andrew is still watching the “activities” of the headquarters, arguing with Pfuel, who is developing a campaign plan. “Pfuel was one of those hopelessly, invariably, to the martyrdom of self-confident people, only Germans are, and therefore it is precisely that the Germans are self-confident on the basis of an abstract idea – science, that is, an imaginary knowledge of the perfect truth.” The Frenchman is self-assured because he respects himself both intellectually and physically, irresistibly charming for both men and women. The Englishman is self-assured on the grounds that he is a citizen of the most prosperous state in the world and because, as an Englishman, he knows always that to him You need to know, and knows that everything he does, like an Englishman, is undoubtedly good. The Italian is self-confident because he is excited and forgets himself and others easily. Russian is self-confident precisely because he does not know anything and does not want to know, because he does not believe that one can fully know anything. The German is self-assured the worst of all, the hardest of all and the worst of all, because he imagines that he knows the truth, the science that he himself invented, but which is absolute truth for him. “Gen. Armfeld, young Colonel Tol, Paulucci offer their plans, but to “Prince Andrew understands the uselessness and senselessness of all this fuss.” The merit in the success of military affairs depends not on them, but on the person who shouted in the ranks: “They have disappeared!” or shout: “Hooray!”, and only in these ranks can you serve with confidence that you are useful! “Rostov serves in his regiment.” While he was on vacation, he was promoted to the captain. After a while he receives a letter from his parents with the news of Natasha’s illness and with a request to come. However, he refuses, because he considers it impossible to go on vacation during the beginning of the military campaign. This is what keeps him from marrying Sonya, to whom he writes gentle letters. The hussars hear rumors of the battles going far from them. The officer who arrived brings the story of Rayevsky’s feat, which, he said, defended the bridge with his two sons and raised the sacrifice of soldiers to attack in his own personal example. Rostov listens with skepticism, realizing that all this is mostly fiction, since during the battle there is usually such confusion that hardly anyone could notice this “feat”, let alone learn about the two sons of Raevsky’s sons in two young people. Soon the hussars had to go to work. Before Rostov, going into business, was afraid; ” now he did not feel the slightest feeling of fear… he learned to control his soul before the danger. “Rostov notices the French dragoons who pursue our lancers.” Estimating the situation, Rostov understands that it is necessary to strike immediately, otherwise it will be too late. , he hesitates, and Rostov, without orders, leads the squadron to attack, he catches up with the French officer, as he did with the wolf in the hunt, hurts his saber. The Frenchman looks at Rostov in horror, gives in. After returning, the hussars of Rostov are presented to the St. George cross Rostov, who was awaiting punishment for leading the squadron into battle without an order, realizes that he should rejoice, but something torments him. “Eventually, he realizes that this is because of the French officer.” Rostov sees in the convoy his prisoner Frenchman, can not understand what is happening. He had not talked with anyone for several days, and “I thought about this brilliant feat, which, to his surprise, acquired him the St. George Cross and even made him a brave man,” and could not understand anything. “So they even more of our are afraid! he thought. “Is that the only thing that is called heroism?” And did I do this for the Fatherland? And what is he to blame for with his hole (the Frenchman has a cha-cha on his chin) and blue eyes? And how scared he was! He thought I would kill him! Why should I kill him? My hand trembled. And they gave me the Cross of St. George. Nothing, I do not understand… ” So they are even more afraid of us! he thought. “Is that the only thing that is called heroism?” And did I do this for the Fatherland? And what is he to blame for with his hole (from the Frenchman on the chin of the Yamo-cha) and with blue eyes? And how scared he was! He thought I would kill him! Why should I kill him? My hand trembled. And they gave me the Cross of St. George. Nothing, I do not understand… ” So they are even more afraid of us! he thought. “Is that the only thing that is called heroism?” And did I do this for the Fatherland? And what is he to blame for with his hole (the Frenchman has a cha-cha on his chin) and blue eyes? And how scared he was! He thought I would kill him! Why should I kill him? My hand trembled. And they gave me the Cross of St. George. Nothing, I do not understand… “
Meanwhile, Natasha is still sick. Her illness is very serious: she “ate little, slept little, coughed and never revived.” Doctors constantly watched it, and in the summer of 1812 the Rostovs did not leave for the village. Time took its toll – “Natasha’s grief began to be covered with a layer of impressions of the lived life, it ceased with such painful pain to lie on her heart, it began to become past, and Natasha began to recover physically.” Natasha remembers the past carefree life – uncle, hunt and Christmas, days spent in Otradnoye. She knew that all this was over and will never return, but what awaits her in the future, Natasha could not guess. Bezukhov constantly visits the Rostovs, he is very affectionate and affectionate with Natasha. He never again spoke to her about his feelings, and Natasha decided that by saying that if he were free, then on her knees she would ask for her hands and heart, Pierre simply wanted to comfort her. Natasha suffers with remorse, becomes religious – she prays for herself, asking for forgiveness, etc. “This is noticeable in describing the scene in the church.” When they prayed for the army, she remembered her brother and Denisov. When they prayed for the floating and traveling, she remembered Prince Andrew and prayed for him, and prayed that God would forgive her the evil she had done to him. “
Pierre still leads a diffused, idle life. One of the Masonic brothers, already after Napoleon’s entry into Russia, tells him that in the Apocalypse it is said that “there will come” a beast in the human form and its number will be 666, and the limit is put by the number 42 “. If all the French letters in alphabetical order are denoted by numbers (from 1 to 10, and then by tens – 20, 30, 40, etc.), then, writing in French “Emperor Napoleon”, substituting letters instead of letters and adding them, we get 666. If we write in French the same “forty-two” and also add up the sum of the numbers, replacing the letters with them, we will also get 666. In 1812, Napoleon turned 42 years old – it turns out that Antichrist is Napoleon and the end will come in 1812 year. It makes a great impression on Pierre. He tries to count the sum of the numbers in his own name and surname, but does not receive 666. Through a lengthy fit he still succeeds – Pierre writes in French “Russian Bezukhov”, with a grammar violation substitutes the article and gets the desired result. Having achieved what he wanted, he thinks about his mission, that this coincidence is not for nothing, and it is he who will somehow become the liberator of the world from Antichrist, that is, Napoleon. Pierre long wanted to enter the military service, but prevented it: a) belonging to the Masonic society, which preached the eternal peace and the destruction of the war, b) too many Muscovites took such a step, and Pierre was for some reason ashamed to act like everyone else, c) the most important thing is that the sum of the figures in the names “Russian Bezukhov” and “Emperor Napoleon” is 666, everything is predetermined, and therefore nothing needs to be done,
Pierre still goes to the Rostovs. The younger son of the Rostovs, Petya, begs Bezukhov “to put a word in his mouth” for him to be accepted into the hussars, and he promises. Pierre is almost ready to admit to Natasha again in love, but is ashamed of his feelings, understands that he is bound by (wife, position), and decides not to visit the Rostovs anymore.
In the meantime, Petya persuades his parents to let him serve in the hussars, but he receives a decisive refusal. The tsar comes to Moscow, and a huge crowd of people is going to stare at him. Petya also goes to the Kremlin with a secret idea to get to the Tsar and ask the Tsar to write it to the hussars. In a crush, he barely manages to remain unscathed. The crowd shouts: “Hooray!” Sitting astride the king-gun, Petya screams with all, although he does not recognize the sovereign. During dinner, the king goes to the balcony. He holds a biscuit in his hand, from which a piece breaks and falls down. A coachman or a footman picks up this piece, the others snatch a biscuit from him. Then the king takes out a whole plate of biscuits and throws them into the crowd. The people snatch each other’s “royal treat”, Petya also rushes forward and, knocking down an old woman, receives the coveted treat “from the hands of the sovereign”. Returning home, Petya decisively declares that if he is not allowed to serve, he will run away. The next day, not yet fully agreed, but also in order not to bring his son to such desperate actions, Count Ilya Andreevich went to find out how to put Petya in a more or less secure place.
After three days a large Noble Assembly is going to. Pierre is also present at the meeting, listens to disputes about what, tries to insert that although he is willing to donate money to the militia, he would like to know from the military or the sovereign himself what campaign plan is planned, in what condition the troops, etc., At Pierre, a flurry of indignation of the crowd collapses, and Bezukhov obediently falls silent. The king appears, everyone is moved, in a unanimous impulse donate money. From the hall of the nobility the king passes into the hall of the merchants. “As they later learned, the Emperor had just started a speech to the merchants, how tears sprang from his eyes, and he finished it in a trembling voice.” Two wealthy merchants flee behind the sovereign, both cry, one says: “And take life and property, Your Majesty!” Pierre, too, gives in to a general impulse and, that one of the graphs sacrifices the regiment, immediately announces that he is giving “a thousand people and their content.” Old Rostov is also present at this and, returning home, agrees to Petit’s request and he himself goes to record it.
It is well known that the cause of the death of Napoleon’s troops was, “on the one hand, their entry into a later period without preparation for a winter campaign into the interior of Russia, and on the other hand, the character that the war took from the burning of Russian cities and the incitement of hatred of the enemy in the Russian people “. In historical works, some say that Napoleon from the outset felt the danger of stretching his line, that he was looking for battles, and his marshals advised him to stay in Smolensk, etc. Others argue that the Russians from the very beginning had a plan to entice Napoleon into the depths Russia. In fact, none of this was. Napoleon’s enticement into the depths of Russia “occurred not on anyone’s plan, but came from a complex game, intrigues, desires of people – participants in the war who did not guess what should be, which was the only salvation in Russia. Everything happens by accident. “
After the departure of Prince Andrew, the old Bolkonsky was attacked by Princess Marya, accusing her of quarreling with her son. He stops talking to her, but also Mlle. Bourien. Princess Mary writes letters by Julie Karagin, now Princess Drubetskaya, these letters are patriotic and written in broken Russian, which Julie knows much worse than French. The Bolkonsky receive news from Andrew, in a letter he apologizes to his father for his harsh words and reports on the retreat of the Russian troops, about the fact that the French can occupy the Bald Mountain, and what needs to be done in Moscow. The old prince Bolkonsky is inactive, so Desall (the French-tutor) wrote for Princess Mary a letter to the governor of Smolensk. Alpatych, the clerk of the old prince, is leaving for Smolensk.
Napoleon, approaching Smolensk, began to fire at him from the guns. Part of the townspeople leaves the city, some remain. Soon, the order to surrender the city extends. Some shopkeepers set fire to their shops to prevent the goods from remaining to the French. Here is also Prince Andrew. He writes to his sister that the Bald Mountains will be occupied no later than a week, and asks them to leave for Moscow. The letter is sent with the servant of the Bolkonsky, Alpatych, who was met by chance in Smolensk. After the abandonment of Smolensk, Prince Andrey appears in a gloomy light. On the way, he calls in the Bald Mountains. All his relatives went to Moscow, as he thinks, only Alpatych remained. Several limes in the garden are felled, Alpatych says that these are the consequences of stopping the regiment of dragoons. In the garden, the prince notices peasant girls who steal green plums, and realizes that life, no matter what, continues as usual. He pretends not to notice the girls, and goes on. Tired soldiers march in the river. Andrei looks at the mass of naked bodies and realizes that this is “just cannon fodder, which, perhaps, will soon have to be put to work.”
Meanwhile, in the salons of Anna Pavlova Scherer and Helen Bezukhova nothing has changed, despite the war. Since 1805, Anna Pavlovna’s salon “speaks of Bonaparte with perplexity, seeing, as in his successes, and in indulging to him of European states, a malicious plot that has the sole purpose of the unpleasantness and anxiety of that court circle, which was Anna Pavlovna.” The salon expresses patriotic feelings that it is not necessary to go to the French theater, those who leave Moscow are condemned. The war seems to these people some empty demonstrations and, in their opinion, soon should end in peace. Prince Vasily discusses with Anna Pavlovna the appointment of commander-in-chief Kutuzov: “Is it possible to appoint a commander-in-chief of a man who can not ride astride, falls asleep on the council, the man of the most evil mores?” Everybody agrees with him. However, after a while Kutuzov is promoted to field marshals, and Prince Vasili sharply changes his mind. In the same Pavlova’s salon, he says that he is happy with Kutuzov’s appointment, and to remind him of his previous words that “Kutuzov is blind and sees nothing,” he answers that he sees quite enough.
Napoleon meanwhile approaches Moscow. He is looking for battles, but the Russians for different reasons deviate from this. Battalion of Rostov Lavrushka is captured by the French. On the eve he was roed for negligence, and then sent to the village for chickens, where he was carried away by looting and was captured. Napoleon personally wants to “look at the Cossack” and asks him about who will win the war, what he thinks about Napoleon and so on. Lavrushka, who immediately realized that before him Napoleon, began to pretend that he had not noticed this. When Napoleon ends the conversation and drives off, he asks him to tell the Cossack what Napoleon himself said to him. Realizing that they are waiting for him to be amazed, Lavrushka skillfully demonstrates this, for which he gets freedom. This incident was later described by the court historians of Napoleon (although it was not said there, that Lavrushka was pretending). Lavrushka goes back, but tells nothing to Rostov or the rest, because he considers what happened to him unworthy of the story.
After the return of Alpatych from Smolensk, Prince Andrey’s father decided to gather the militia, not to go anywhere, but to defend the Bald Mountains to the last drop of blood, which he wrote to the commander-in-chief. Desal and the little prince leave for Bogucharovo, Princess Mary remains with her father. The next day the old prince dressed in military uniform, put on all his orders and ordered a wheelchair to be sent to the commander-in-chief. But he was hit by a blow, and the servants brought him back. Princess Mary with the old prince and the doctor go to Bogucharovo. There the princess finds out that Desallus and little Nikolai have already left for Moscow. The position of the old count is serious, there is no hope for healing. Princess Mary prays, and although with the death of her father she will finally have the opportunity to live freely, she drives away these thoughts and prays that God will give him healing. Staying in Bogucharovo is dangerous, since the French are coming from all sides. In the morning, the father calls on the princess, asks her forgiveness in a weak voice, thanks her for all the good she has done for him. The prince says that Russia was ruined, and cries. When Mary leaves, the prince tries to speak to himself about his son, about the war, comes to anger, and with him the second, last blow is made. In Bogucharovo, the peasants were famous for their disobedience, between them there were always rumors that the tsar had given the peasants the will, and the hosts interfered and so on. At one time they fled somewhere to the south, etc. Now, during the war, these sentiments have become particularly acute. Alpatych had heard that the peasants had some kind of relations with the French, one of them, having returned, brought a paper about the fact that the Cossacks ravaged the villages, and the French did not touch them. Guys do not want to allocate carts for the princesses and do not want to leave. They approve, that you can trade with the French. The peasant even showed him the proof of 100 rubles given to him for hay (he did not know that she was fake). Alpatych sends to the police captain, and he orders people to give carts. But the peasants have a meeting again in the evening, they refuse, they want to steal horses into the forest.
Princess Mary is indecisive, Mademoiselle Biryan, meanwhile, tries to persuade her not to go anywhere, but to wait for the French, who in the leaflet promise their protection to the local people. The manager tries to justify himself before Princess Mary, says that some horses have died, some were taken for military needs, that the peasants are starving, etc. Princess Mary orders to distribute the master’s bread to the peasants. In the evening, the peasants are to her. Princess Mary goes to the porch. The peasants declare to Princess Marya that they will not go anywhere from the estate and do not need their bread.
Rostov now has under guardianship the young Junker Ilyin, who imitates him in everything, as Rostov did before to Denisov. Rostov and Ilyin go hay to Bogucharovo. Lavrushka, who has just returned from captivity, talks about Napoleon, with whom he personally spoke, they question and laugh. Rostov does not know that Bogucharovo is the Bolkonsky estate. Appears Alpatych, who tells Rostov that the peasants refuse to let the princess leave the estate, threaten to unharness the horses if there is an attempt to leave. Rostov meets with Princess Mary and promises to accompany her. Rostov in a frenzy jumps on the men, orders to knit the elder and someone who dares to contradict Rostov. Men are frightened and knit elder and one more peasant. After two hours, the carts are standing near the porch of the Bogucharovo house, and they start packing their belongings. Rostov is waiting for Princess Mary, does not listen to words of gratitude, says that in this place any decent person would act in his place. After leading the princess, Rostov leaves.
Princess Marya for a long time recalls Rostov, feeling how a tender feeling is born in her soul. Rostov, having arrived in the unit and telling about his adventure, realized that Princess Mary had made a good impression on him. Co-workers joke that “Rostov went for hay, and picked up one of the richest brides in Russia.” Rostov is angry. The fact is that the thought of marrying Princess Mary came to him before (his parents wanted it), but he remembered the Son’s word.
Kutuzov takes command of all the armies, and soon Prince Andrew receives orders to appear at the main headquarters. Arriving there, Prince Andrew encounters Denisov, who is already a lieutenant colonel. Andrei knew about Natasha’s first groom according to her stories, and memories again revived in his soul. Denisov talks with Andrei about the plan of campaigns, which he personally represented Barclay de Tolly, and now he intends to present Kutuzov. The plan is that the main line of the French is stretched, and, instead of acting from the front, one must act on their communications and messages. Denisov said that the main system should be one – partisan. Appears Kutuzov. Since Prince Andrey did not see him, he “became even more fat and flabby.” Andrew tells Kutuzov about the death of his father, Kutuzov perceives this with regret, because he knew the old prince well. Denisov meanwhile asks for permission to present his plan and begins to report. Kutuzov reluctantly listens, Denisov speaks convincingly, Kutuzov asks him to stay at the headquarters and promises to listen to him tomorrow, then goes to the headquarters and absently listens to the staff officers. “What the general on duty said was even more delicate and clever, but it was obvious that Kutuzov despised both knowledge and intelligence, and knew something else that had to decide the matter – something different, independent of mind and knowledge “. After that Kutuzov signs papers, goes to rest. Invites Prince Andrew, informing him that he summoned to the headquarters in order to keep with him. Prince Andrew refuses, says that at the headquarters will not serve. Kutuzov greeted these words with approval: “Go with God your way, I know, your road is the road of honor. “Kutuzov then goes on to talk about the war, that” there are many advisors, few people “, that patience is needed to drive out the enemy -” it is not difficult to take a fortress, it is difficult to win a campaign. “Prince Andrew objects that everything Kutuzov replies that “if they all want, there’s nothing to do.” Prince Andrew returns to himself reassured, thinking of Kutuzov that “he will not have anything of his own.” He will not think of anything, he will not do anything, but he will listen to everything, remember everything, put everything in his place, nothing useful will not interfere and will not allow anything harmful. He understands that there is something stronger and more significant than his will – this is the inevitable course of events, and he knows how to see them, knows how to understand their meaning and, in view of this significance, knows how to renounce participation in these events,
The enemy is approaching Moscow, but Muscovites are beginning to take risks even more frivolously than before. Rostopchin produces posters with ragged pictures, with the “folk hero Karpushka”, which teases the French, saying that they “swell from the cabbage, shake off, suffocate,” that they all “dwarfs and their three will throw one dagger with pitchforks.” In the salon of Julie Drubetskaya and other aristocratic salons, it is customary to speak only Russian, the same of the guests who pronounce at least a word in French, must pay in favor of the committee of donations. Pierre decides to sell his estate in order to regiment at his own expense regiment. Pierre Bezukhov is rumored to be dressing in a military uniform and riding a horse in front of his regiment. At a meeting, Julie does not miss the opportunity with irony to ask Bezukhov, he does not intend to lead the regiment himself into battle. Pierre jokes and answers in the negative. Julie also informs Bezukhov about the death of the old prince Bolkonsky and about the arrival of Princess Mary in Moscow, tells the story of Marya’s miraculous salvation by Nikolai Rostov, copying the events that Maryu was surrounded, captured, wanted to kill, but only wounded her people. Rostov supposedly without hesitation attacked the abusers and saved the girl.
Rostopchin distributes placards in which he fears that the enemy will not enter Moscow, and secretly forbids leaving the city. Pierre listens to the report of the manager, from which it follows that the costs of the militia will ruin Bezukhov. In the depths of his heart, Pierre even enjoys it. He travels through Moscow and sees how on the Bolotnaya Square the townspeople arrange an execution of two Frenchmen – a cook and either a teacher or an official. They are accused of espionage. Pierre gets angry and turns around. Bezukhov decides to go to Mozhaisk to the army, orders to lay horses. On the way, rumors reach him that a great battle has taken place, but nobody knows how it ended. Under Mozhaisk, troops are moving in all directions, Pierre is animated, “Pierre could not have given himself a report, and he did not try to make himself clear, for whom and for what he finds a special charm to sacrifice everything. He was not interested in what he wanted to sacrifice for, but the sacrifice itself was a new joyful feeling for him. “
The battle, which Pierre heard about, was called Shevardinsky. “For what and how were the battles given and given at Shevardin and Borodino? … Why was the Battle of Borodino given?” Neither for the French nor for Russians did it make any sense. ” For the Russians, the result of the battle was the need to surrender Moscow. If the generals were guided by rational reasons, then both would evade the battle of Borodino. “Napoleon would understand that, having gone for two thousand versts and taking a battle with the likely accidental loss of a quarter of the army, he was going to certain death.” Historians will then find a reasonable justification for the battle that has been fought, as if from Smolensk the Russians were looking for an advantageous position, which they found under Borodino, etc., but this is not true. Borodino was not the best position. The battle of Borodino is shown in a more favorable light to hide the mistakes of the military commanders, and as a result of this, diminishing the glory of the Russian army and people. Because of the loss of the Shevardino redoubt, the Borodino battle was taken by the Russians in an almost undeveloped, open area, with half the weakest forces against the French. On the twenty-fifth, Bezukhov leaves Mozhaisk, sees the wounded soldiers, the convoys that meet him. Pierre is trying to find a “position”, but he can not find anything. The soldiers on the road talk about the fact that even the peasants were forced to dig the fortifications “now they do not disassemble… they want to pile in all the people, one word is Moscow.” One wants to make one end. ” Pierre sees how the fortifications are built, and is convinced of the fairness of these words (about the people’s war). Bezukhov asks the officer about the position, he readily answers questions, shows where the Russians are, and where the French are. Pierre goes further. Suddenly, soldiers and militia run past him. The rumor spreads that they are carrying an icon of the Iberian Mother of God. At the confluence of a large number of people, a moleben is served. Together with the rest Kutuzov approaches the icon. After the moleben he descends from the horse, approaches the image and, heavily kneeling down, kisses the icon. His example is followed by a generalship, followed by soldiers and militiamen. There is a crush. In the crowd, Pierre unexpectedly meets Boris Drubetsky. Despite the fact that Kutuzov reduced the number of adjutants, Boris nevertheless stayed at the headquarters and “got attached” to Count Bennigsen, the chief of staff, on many issues opposing Kutuzov. Pierre wants to examine the position, Boris invites him to go along with him, that on the way they will pass by the regiment of Prince Bolkonsky. Pierre also meets Dolokhov, who, according to the gathered, “will get through… after all, he is degraded, now he needs to jump out.” Some projects were submitted and he climbed in the chain during the enemy’s night… But well done! ” Pierre approaches Kutuzov, says he is ready to sacrifice his life for the good of the Fatherland. Boris recalls that the militiamen, preparing for death, put on clean white shirts. Kutuzov hears these words and says: “Wonderful, incomparable people!” When Pierre departs from Kutuzov, Dolokhov approaches him and “on the eve of the day in which, God knows which of us is destined to remain alive,” asks Pierre to forgive him for the past. Bezukhov forgives and embraces Dolokhov. Among other things, Pierre drives past Rauda’s redoubt, which “
Prince Andrew is in a broken barn and, waiting for tomorrow’s battle, again reflects on the meaning of life, recalls the experience, realizing that tomorrow they can kill him. He realizes that his belief in perfect love turned out to be nothing more than a mirage, that one should not make Natasha wait for him for a whole year, that in life everything turns out to be much simpler and more natural than he imagined. Pierre comes, goes to Prince Andrew. Here are also other officers. Pierre talks about Moscow and the location of the troops. The gathered talk about Kutuzov and Barclay de Tolly, Prince Andrew believes that Barclay de Tolly is not good, because he is counting and trying to do everything as best as possible. He ordered to retreat near Smolensk, although the spirit and the rise of the Russian army was enormous. Barclay did not understand that near Smolensk, the Russians fought for their own land for the first time. Andrei says that the general’s skills generally do not exist, since it is impossible to foresee what the enemy will do. Pierre is surprised to notice that there is a widespread opinion that the war is similar to a chess game. Prince Andrew remarks: “Only with the small difference that in chess over each step you can think as much as you want, that you are out of the conditions of time, and with the difference that the horse is always stronger than a pawn and two pawns are always stronger than one, and on war, one battalion is sometimes stronger than a division, and sometimes weaker than a company… Success has never depended and will not depend on positions, weapons, or even numbers… “To the question of what success depends on, Prince Andrew answers : “From the feeling that is in me, in it – he pointed to Timokhin (battalion commands p), – each soldier… The battle is won by one who has firmly decided to win it. Why did we lose the battle at Austerlitz? We had losses almost equal with the French, but we told ourselves very early that we lost the battle – and lost. And we said this because we did not need to fight there: we wanted to leave the battlefield as quickly as possible… “Prince Andrew adds that for staff and many others with whom Pierre went to positions, war is an opportunity” to undermine the enemy and get an extra cross or a ribbon. “” For me for tomorrow, here’s what: a hundred thousandth Russian and a hundred thousandth French troops agreed to fight, and the fact is that these two hundred thousand are fighting; and whoever will be angry with a fight and feel less sorry for himself, he will win. And if you want, I’ll tell you that, no matter what, no matter what they confuse up there, we will win the battle tomorrow. ” Timokhin agrees with Prince Andrew, says that in his battalion the soldiers did not even drink vodka: “not that day” they say. When Pierre and Andrew remain alone, Bolkonsky once again says that the battle will be won, and adds that if he had power, “I would not take prisoners.” What are the prisoners? It’s chivalry. “The French ravaged my house and go to ruin Moscow, insulted and insulted me for a second, they are my enemies, they are all criminals according to my ideas, and so Timokhin and the whole army think. It must be executed… Or we played war-that’s what is bad, we are magnanimous, etc. This is generosity and sensitivity – like the generosity and sensitivity of the lady, with when she sees a calf being killed, she is so kind that she can not see the blood, but she eats this calf with appetite under the sauce. We are being interpreted about the rights of war, about chivalry, about parliaments, to spare unhappy people, etc. Everything is nonsense. I saw in 1805 knighthood, parliaments: we were deceived, we cheated. Robbing someone else’s houses, letting false banknotes… Yes worst of all – they kill my children, my father and talk about the rules of war and magnanimity to enemies. Not to take prisoners, but to kill and go to death! .. War is not courtesy, but the most ugly thing in life, and one must understand this, and not play in war. We must take this terrible necessity seriously and seriously. Everything in this is a lie, and war is so war, not a toy. And then the war is the fun of idle and frivolous people… The purpose of the war is murder, a weapon of war – espionage, treason and encouragement, the ruin of the inhabitants, robbing them or stealing for the army’s food; deceit and lies, called military tricks; the mores of the military class – the lack of freedom, that is, discipline, idleness, ignorance, cruelty, depravity, drunkenness. And, despite that – this is the highest estate, revered by all. All the kings except the Chinese have a military uniform, and the one who killed the people more gives a great reward… “Pierre leaves, Prince Andrew returns to the barn, can not fall asleep for a long time, remembers Natasha, understands that he loved her with her soul ilu, sincerity. He recalls the end of his love, understands that Anatoly did not need it. He did not see or understand anything of this, in Natasha he saw only a pretty and fresh girl, and this man, who brought so much suffering to others, is still alive and cheerful. that Anatoly did not need this. He did not see or understand anything of this, in Natasha he saw only a pretty and fresh girl, and this man, who brought so much suffering to others, is still alive and cheerful. that Anatoly did not need this. He did not see or understand anything of this, in Natasha he saw only a pretty and fresh girl, and this man, who brought so much suffering to others, is still alive and cheerful.
On the eve of the battle of Borodino Napoleon did not leave his bedroom for a long time and finished the toilet. “He pinched and pokryachtivaya turning his fat back, then overgrown with a fat chest under the brush, which the valet was rubbing his body. Another valet, holding the bottle with a bottle, squirted cologne on the emperor’s emaciated body with an expression that said that he alone could know, how much and where it is necessary to splash cologne “. Napoleon presented with a picture of his son, heir to the throne, playing in bilboque (toy: a ball on a stick catching a ball, throwing it) with the globe. Napoleon likes the painting, as well as everyone around. He orders to take it out and put it in front of his tent, so that the old guard also looks and is happy. Napoleon writes a disposition, gives instructions on the troops, which subsequently were not met, and could not be fulfilled, because they were based on ignorance of the real situation. During the battle itself Napoleon was far from the battlefield and also could not give reasonable orders, since he did not possess a constantly changing situation. Many historians believe that, not least, the battle at Borodino was not won by Napoleon because he had a cold. If he did not have a cold, then he would give orders even more brilliantly and probably would have completely won the battle. However, it is not. “The soldiers of the French army were going to kill the Russian soldiers in the battle of Borodino, not because of Napoleon’s orders, but at their own volition.” The whole army: the French, Italians, Germans, Poles – hungry, ragged and exhausted by the campaign, – in view of the army blocking Moscow from them, , that the wine is uncorked and it is necessary to drink it. If Napoleon forbade them now to fight the Russians, they would kill him and go to fight the Russians, because that was what they needed. “After returning from the line, Napoleon said:” Chess is set, the game will start tomorrow. “Then, recalls Paris, court intrigues, changes in the Empress’s retinue, etc. Napoleon drinks a punch and eats the lozenges that doctors prescribe to him from the cold, complains to others about his ailment, does not know how to kill time until morning. In the morning Napoleon goes to the Shevardino Redoubt, and the battle Pierre for ypaet in the corner allotted to him Boris. In the morning they wake him up when the battle has already begun. Kutuzov from the mound, which rises Pierre, sends one of the generals to the ferry, and Pierre has tied behind him. Pierre is confused in all underfoot, everybody’s way. He meets a few acquaintances who are unsatisfiedly interested in what he is doing on the position. One of the adjutant’s acquaintances invited Pierre to Rayevsky’s battery. Near the mound, they part with Pierre, and at the end of the day Bezukhov learns that this adjutant has taken his hand off. Pierre seems that the place where he gets is the most insignificant on the whole battlefield, although things are quite different. The appearance of the “non-military” figure of Pierre in a white hat first unpleasantly surprises people, they scowl at him in fright. But, noticing that this strange person does not do anything wrong, but sits quietly on the slope of the shaft or “with a timid smile, politely avoiding the soldiers, pacing the battery under shots as calmly as on the boulevard,” the soldiers change their wary to him attitude to playful participation. A few steps from Pierre, by dousing it, the core explodes. The soldiers are surprised that he is not afraid. Attitude to the “master” becomes even warmer. By ten o’clock, twenty people are already being carried away from the battery, two guns are failing. Despite the losses, the soldier embraces the rapture of the battle, they serve the guns “joyfully and harmoniously.” “Pierre did not look forward to the battlefield and was not interested in knowing what was happening there: he was all absorbed in contemplation of that, more and more flaring fire, which in the same way (he felt) flared up in his soul.” The battery is being fired ever harder, no one pays any attention to Pierre. A young officer, apparently just released from the Cadet Corps, falls before the eyes of Bezukhov. On the battery there are only eight shells. Pierre is called to bring shells, runs downhill, But the nucleus gets directly into the box, and it explodes very close to Bezukhov. He slightly contorts, he runs back to the battery, sees that the elder colonel has already been killed, the French are on the battery, in the eyes of Pierre they are stabbing several Russian soldiers. Bezukhov encounters a French officer and grabs one by the throat. Both do not understand what is happening, each of them thinks: “Have I been taken prisoner, or is he taken prisoner by me?” Very low over their heads a core flies, the Frenchman and Pierre rush in different directions. At this moment, the Russians are beginning to attack, the French are fleeing. Pierre sees people on the mound, but many who were on Rayevsky’s battery were killed. Pierre runs off the mound, thinking: “No, now they will leave it, now they will be horrified by what they did!” On one of the mounds in the course of the battle, Napoleon watches in the telescope. Adjutants with reports on the course of action are constantly coming to him, but all their reports become obsolete before they manage to bring them to the commander. In addition, many adjutants simply do not reach the battlefield and give Napoleon information obtained from third parties. “All the orders… were made by the chiefs of the units who were in the ranks, not even asking the opinion of Davout and Murat, and not just of Napoleon.” At the request of Adjutant Murat for reinforcements, Napoleon replies that there is still no midday, and he does not see the location of chess. Napoleon begins to talk with others about things not related to the battle. A few adjutants come, who also ask for reinforcements, Napoleon refuses. Still, he decides to bring in the reserve units, but at the last moment he changes one division to another, which only slows down the matter. After a while the adjutants are coming more and more, and each one needs reinforcements: the Russians are holding their positions, and the French army is rapidly melting. In the end, the French beat Bagration flushes, but this does not bring Napoleon and his entourage of joy. One of the generals proposes to enter into battle the personal guard of Napoleon. He replies that for 3,200 versts from France he can not afford to give up his guards to rout. Kutuzov sits on a bench, does not make any orders, but only agrees or disagrees with what is offered to him; the battle goes on with varying success, at the third hour the French attack ceased. In the Russian headquarters is a German general serving in the Russian army, and reports that all points of our positions are in the hands of the enemy, “there is nothing to fight off, because there are no troops, they are running, and there is no way to stop them. “Kutuzov is furious, shouting:” How dare you?! “, declares that to him, the commander-in-chief, the present course of the battle is better known than to General Barclay (from which the German arrived). left, struck on the right flank. If you have not seen well, then do not let yourself say what you do not know! .. It is repulsed everywhere, for which I thank God and our brave army! The enemy is defeated, and tomorrow we will chase him from the sacred Russian land, “said Kutuzov, crossing himself; and suddenly sobbed at the tears that came. “The German says that he would like to receive a written order from Kutuzov to attack, since Barclay (former commander-in-chief) tried to avoid personal responsibility. Kutuzov orders to write an order. When the rumor spreads through the army that”
The regiment of Prince Andrew is in reserve. Not going down and not releasing a single charge, the regiment lost a third of its people under artillery fire. Everyone is waiting, they try to occupy themselves with something. Prince Andrew walks through the meadow, frowning and pale. The nuclei fly by. Suddenly, one of them falls very close, Prince Andrey is shouted: “Lie down.” Prince Andrew understands that he is looked at, and at the same time thinks: “Is it really death? .. I can not, I do not want to die, I love life, I love this grass, the earth, the air…” However, he is trying reproach the cowardly man who shouted “lie down,” but he does not get out, as the core explodes, and Prince Andrew falls. The wound falls in the stomach, and the escaped officers and soldiers understand that the wound is fatal. Prince Andrew is taken to the forest where there was a dressing station. He is brought into the tent, put on the table – one of the three that were there. On the next table there is a Tatar who is operated on, and on the third there is “a tall man with curly hair who seemed familiar to Prince Andrey”. This man “sobbed convulsively and choked.” He is cut off his leg, he asks to show it, the orderlies show that the person “sobs like a woman”. Suddenly Prince Andrew finds out in him Anatol Kuragin. Andrew recalls Natasha – such as he saw her for the first time at the ball of 1810, “with a thin neck and thin hands, with a delighted, frightened, happy face.” “Prince Andrew remembered everything, and enthusiastic pity and love for this man filled his happy heart. Prince Andrew could not hold back more and began to cry with tender, love tears over people, above themselves and over their and their delusions. “Suffering, love for brothers, for lovers, love for those who hate us, love for our enemies – yes, the love that God preached on earth, which Princess Marya taught me, and which I did not understand, that’s why I felt sorry for life, it is something that still remained to me, if I were alive. ” Although Napoleon liked to look at the dead and wounded on the battlefield, this time the eerie kind of battlefield makes an unpleasant impression on him. However, after a while Napoleon again begins to give orders. “And not only this hour and the day the mind and conscience of this man were darkened, heavier than all the other participants in this affair, bearing the full burden of what was happening, but never, until the end of his life, could he understand neither good nor beauty, neither truth, nor the meaning of one’s actions, which were too opposite to good and truth, too far from all human, so that he could understand their meaning. He could not renounce his actions, praised by half the world, and therefore had to renounce the truth and the good and all human. “As he travels around the battlefield, Napoleon tries to comfort himself, deceive, counts how many Russians a Russian has to kill.” At the end of the battle, people felt all the horror of their deed, although they would be glad to stop, some mysterious force still continued to guide them, and the fugitives, in gunpowder and blood, left alone for three, gunners, though stumbling and breathing s from fatigue, brought charges, charged, suggesting applied and wicks away… “” Russian is not attacked by the French, they only stood still, blocking the way to Moscow. But the Napoleonic army also did not make a decisive throw. And although the Russian army lost almost half of its strength and the French army only a fifth, the French did not have the heart to attack, since the Russians, despite their huge losses, continued to stand as staunchly as at the beginning of the battle. “” The moral strength of the French The attacking army was exhausted. Not that victory, which is determined by the picked up pieces of matter on sticks called banners, and the space on which the troops stood and stand – and the moral victory, that which convinces the enemy of the moral superiority of the enemy and its impotence, was won by the Russians under Borodin ” . And although the Russian army lost almost half of its strength and the French army only a fifth, the French did not have the heart to attack, since the Russians, despite their huge losses, continued to stand as staunchly as at the beginning of the battle. “” The moral strength of the French The attacking army was exhausted. Not that victory, which is determined by the picked up pieces of matter on sticks called banners, and the space on which the troops stood and stand – and the moral victory, that which convinces the enemy of the moral superiority of the enemy and its impotence, was won by the Russians under Borodin ” . And although the Russian army lost almost half of its strength and the French army only a fifth, the French did not have the heart to attack, since the Russians, despite their huge losses, continued to stand as staunchly as at the beginning of the battle. “” The moral strength of the French The attacking army was exhausted. Not that victory, which is determined by the picked up pieces of matter on sticks called banners, and the space on which the troops stood and stand – and the moral victory, that which convinces the enemy of the moral superiority of the enemy and its impotence, was won by the Russians under Borodin ” . The moral strength of the French attacking army was exhausted. Not that victory, which is determined by the picked up pieces of matter on sticks called banners, and the space on which the troops stood and stand – and the moral victory, that which convinces the enemy of the moral superiority of the enemy and its impotence, was won by the Russians under Borodin ” . The moral strength of the French attacking army was exhausted. Not that victory, which is determined by the picked up pieces of matter on sticks called banners, and the space on which the troops stood and stand – and the moral victory, that which convinces the enemy of the moral superiority of the enemy and its impotence, was won by the Russians under Borodin ” .
The Russian troops, retreating from Borodin, were standing by Fili. The headquarters is going to a huge number of people, everyone is discussing how to act, there is no agreement, everyone is trying to say something different. Kutuzov, listening to all these opinions, becomes more worried and sadder. “Of all the conversations of these Kutuzov saw one thing: to defend Moscow there was no physical possibility in the full meaning of these words, that is, to such an extent there was no possibility that if any insane commander-in-chief gave the order to give battle, then there would be confusion and the battle still would not have happened. ” Bennigsen insists on defending Moscow, since in case of failure, he can always blame Kutuzov, and in case of victory, attribute all the merits to himself. Kutuzov leaves the headquarters. The next day the meeting continues. In one of the huts Kutuzov and the other generals are waiting for Benigsen, who “finished his delicious dinner on the pretext of a new survey of positions.” He’s waiting for two hours. Finally, Benigsen is and again begins to talk about the need to protect Moscow. However, Kutuzov takes a volitional decision and orders to retreat. At night Kutuzov suffers, can not fall asleep, says he did not expect that he would have to leave Moscow, and then he shouted: “They will eat horse meat like Turks!”
In Moscow, the same thing happened in Smolensk. The people with carelessness waited for the approach of the enemy, but at the last moment found the strength to do what was necessary. “Rich people left, leaving their property, the poorest remained and set fire to and destroyed what remained.” Residents leave Moscow, despite the posters and appeals of Rostopchin, that he will collect the militia, that balloons will ruin the French, and so on. All fled because “there was no question whether it would be good or bad for the French to be under the power of the French, it could not be, and everyone understood this.”
Helen returns with the courtyard from Vilna to St. Petersburg, where she finds herself in a somewhat embarrassing situation. The fact that she enjoyed the protection of a certain noble, who occupied one of the most prominent positions in the state, and in Vilna became close to one young foreign prince. Now they were both in St. Petersburg, and both presented their rights. Helen got out very simply: she did not make excuses or cunning, but went ahead, declaring for the first accusations of the grandee that everything was to blame for the egoism and cruelty of men and that no one had the right to demand from her an account of her affection and friendly feelings. Helen adds: “Marry me,” although he realizes that this is impossible. Helen turns into Catholicism, and, according to rumors, even the Pope must find out about her and send her some paper. Helen was cunning and understood perfectly well that “her conversion to Catholicism had its main purpose to squeeze money out of it in favor of Jesuit institutions.” But Helen set the condition before giving money: to release her from her husband. Helen also tries to press on her second lover, telling him the same thing as the first: the only way to get her right is to marry her. And it worked. “If there were even the slightest signs of hesitation, shame, or secrecy in Helen herself, then her cause would undoubtedly have been lost, but not only did not these signs of secrecy and shame exist, but, on the contrary, she told her, with simplicity and good-natured naivety close friends (and this was the whole of Petersburg), that she had been offered a prince and a grandee, and that she loved both and was afraid to upset both. According to St. Petersburg rumors spread, everyone talks about which of the two candidates for Helen’s hand is better, that is, the question of husband and divorce in the public consciousness is no longer worth it – Ellen’s calculation turned out to be correct. When Helen asked which of the two to prefer, everyone gives different advice, diplomat Bilibin, who was one of the regulars of Countess Bezukhova’s salon, says that it’s better to go out for the old graph-grandee, who may soon die, and then the prince will not be humiliating to marry on the widow of a high-ranking state husband. Helen’s mother tries to convince her that with a live husband to marry does not allow religion, which Helen says that religious prejudice is nonsense and that her position in the world means much more. She wrote a letter to Pierre, where she announced her intention to marry, asks him to settle all formalities with a divorce and hand over papers to the applicant of this letter. Pierre is delivered a letter to the Moscow address just when he is on the Borodino field.
After the battle, Pierre wanders for a long time, some soldiers help him find his own. Pierre falls asleep, he dreams a dream in which he tries to find answers to the questions that torment him – about war and peace, about life and death, duty and feeling. The next day, Pierre returns to Moscow and immediately meets the adjutant Rostopchin, who informs that Rostopchin wants to see him. Pierre and with him several other influential people go to the governor: At that all gather, having learned of the intention to surrender Moscow. Everyone is indignant, trying to absolve himself of responsibility for the retreat. Some offer to fight the French in the city, not to give a piece of land; Pierre objects that military men told him that it was impossible to fight in the city and that the position was bad. Rostopchin still distributes plaques in which in a language incomprehensible to the people, although stylized as a popular speech, trying to call for the protection of Moscow. Pierre learns that many of his fellow Masons were arrested on the pretext that they were distributing French proclamations. Pierre tries to object that their guilt has not been proven, but nobody listens to him. Pierre comes home, people come to him, he opens the letters, learns that Prince Andrey is killed, that Helen is going to get married and so on. In the morning Pierre, despite the fact that he was waiting for ten people in the living room, left through the back door and left the house. “From then until the end of the Moscow ruin, none of the home Bezukhovs, despite all the searches, saw Pierre no more and did not know where he was.” Pierre tries to object that their guilt has not been proven, but nobody listens to him. Pierre comes home, people come to him, he opens the letters, learns that Prince Andrey is killed, that Helen is going to get married and so on. In the morning Pierre, despite the fact that he was waiting for ten people in the living room, left through the back door and left the house. “From then until the end of the Moscow ruin, none of the home Bezukhovs, despite all the searches, saw Pierre no more and did not know where he was.” Pierre tries to object that their guilt has not been proven, but nobody listens to him. Pierre comes home, people come to him, he opens the letters, learns that Prince Andrey is killed, that Helen is going to get married and so on. In the morning Pierre, despite the fact that he was waiting for ten people in the living room, left through the back door and left the house. “From then until the end of the Moscow ruin, none of the home Bezukhovs, despite all the searches, saw Pierre no more and did not know where he was.”
Rostov until the very eve of the enemy’s entry into Moscow remained in the city. The countess worries about her two sons who are in the army. By the usual carelessness of the Count, all preparations were postponed until the last day. From August 28 to 31, all of Moscow is in motion, conflicting rumors creep through the city, residents leave Moscow. The younger son of the Rostovs arrives, Petya, who was engaged in arming people who were traveling from Moscow. The Rostovs also receive a letter from Nicholas, in which he reports of his unusual meeting with Princess Mary. The countess is secretly rejoicing, realizing that this would be a worthy couple for his son, and at the same time the opportunity to improve their affairs. Natasha is cheerful, this is mainly due to the fact that “she was too long in a depressed mood and sad.” Natasha sees a train of wounded men on the street, asks the officer, whether it is possible for the wounded to stay in their house. After spending a long time with the packing of things, Sonia, Natasha and the others understand that they can not manage, and stay overnight in the house. At night, a new wounded man is brought, who turns out to be Andrei Bolkonsky. The next day Berg comes to Rostov, who still serves in the “late and pleasant place,” he talks about the heroism of Russian soldiers. The count and the countess have a quarrel because the count wants to give part of the supply to the wounded, and the countess insists that they need to take out the goods that they have left and so not too much. Natasha, after learning about this, reproaches her mother and insists that the carts are given away, and the wounded, who were housed in their house, begin to load on these carts. Sonia sees the carriage in which Prince Andrew is taken, and recognizes him. She tells the countess, she begs her not to talk about this to Natasha. The Rostovs set out on their journey, Natasha looks out the window, chatting with the housekeepers briskly. Suddenly he notices Pierre, who is walking, dressed in a coachman’s caftan, with some old man. Natasha asks Pierre if he is going somewhere. Pierre replies that he remains in Moscow. Pierre talks absently, looks completely immersed in his thoughts.
Napoleon is on Poklonnaya Hill, Moscow is spread before him. He thinks that his long-standing, seemingly impossible, that this great city lies at his feet happened. Napoleon thinks that “from the heights of the Kremlin I will give them the laws of justice, I will show them the meaning of true civilization, I will make the generations of the boyars lovingly remember the name of their conqueror… On the ancient monuments of barbarism and despotism I will write great words of justice and mercy. .. “Napoleon goes to breakfast, thinking about how he pours out the favors of” Russian boyars, “he mentally already appointed the governor, who would have managed to attract the population,” he thought that as in Africa it was necessary to sit in a bulun in the mosque, so in Moscow it was necessary to be merciful as kings. ” Napoleon is waiting for the deputation of the city, which would invite him to Moscow. Without waiting for a deputation, Napoleon signs, and the troops enter the city. Moscow is empty. Napoleon is struck by this news, it seems incredible to him. He does not go to the city, but stops at the inn of the Dorogomilovsky suburb.
Before the entry of the enemy into Moscow, riots begin. Still remaining in the city factory and other people out on the street. Near the walls of the China-city they read the next Rostopchinskaya placard, which is now called a decree. The people do not understand what they read to him.
Rostopchin is annoyed that Kutuzov does not consider with his opinion that, despite his proposal to protect Moscow to the last drop of blood, the population leaves the city. Some time to Rostopchin still come for orders, but when retreating troops begin to pass through the city, they stop doing it. Before the city council a crowd gathers, which requires something from their superiors. Rastopchin orders to bring one of the arrested, Vereshchagin, accused of translating from French and spreading enemy leaflets. Rostopchin brings Vereshchagin to the porch and says that this man is a traitor, that he sold himself to Bonaparte, etc., etc. Then he orders “to beat, to cut” it. The people after some hesitation pounced on Vereshchagin. Several people were crushed, someone was mistakenly beaten. Vereshchagin is slaughtered to death. Rastopchin, “pale and shocked, with a trembling lower jaw”, leaves. After a distance, Rastopchin begins to repent: “With displeasure he remembered now the excitement and fear that he showed before his subordinates.” In the end, he calmed down the idea that at all times people killed each other, and nothing terrible happened. On the way to Rastopchin comes the holy fool, who screams for the crucifix, for the torn bodies and so on. He makes a strong impression on Rastopchin, he remembers his crime, realizing that he will never be able to forget about it.
The French are entering the city. Several people are trying to resist them at the gates of the Kremlin, but unsuccessfully – they are being shot from guns. French chiefs are trying to forbid troops to disperse around the city, stop violence and looting. But their efforts are vain, and robbery begins throughout the city. Subsequently, the fire of Moscow was attributed to the Russians – the French, the French – to the Russians. But the fault is neither the one nor the others. “Moscow was burned down because it was placed in such conditions, under which every wooden city should burn down.”
Pierre left the house, disguised himself and armed himself with a pistol to take part in the people’s defense of Moscow. Then Pierre recalls the cabalistic meaning of his name (the number 666 and so forth) in connection with the name of Bonaparte and that it was him who was destined to put the limit of the power of the “beast”. Pierre is going to kill Napoleon, even if you have to sacrifice your own life. “Two equally strong feelings irresistibly attracted Pierre to his intention. The first was the sense of the need for sacrifice and suffering in the consciousness of a common misfortune… the other was that indefinite, exclusively Russian feeling of contempt for everything conventional, artificial… to everything that is considered a majority people the highest good of the world… He suddenly felt that wealth and power, and life, all that people with such diligence arrange and protect people – all this, if anything, it is only by the pleasure with which all this can be abandoned. “Pierre is in the empty house of his deceased Josephine benefactor-mason, where he came to understand the library of the deceased. Pierre sleeps without undressing, eats the coarsest food, and all this supports him “in a state of irritation close to insanity.” The French come to the house to inspect the rooms and place the soldiers. Makar Alekseyevich, the demented brother of the late Joseph Alekseevich, after drinking drunk, tries to shoot in the French officer, but Pierre knocks at his gun, and he misses. The Frenchman thanks Pierre, Pierre persuades the French officer to leave this act of “insane and drunk man” without punishment. “The officer, whose name was Rambal, generously forgives Makar Alekseevich and invites Pierre to dinner, which in a conversation highly appreciates the courage of Russian soldiers, the steadfastness of the Russian people. Pierre says he was in Paris, the Frenchman begins to remember his homeland, Pierre is displeased with the Frenchman’s chatter, he wants to leave, but he can not. The Frenchman, meanwhile, offers him his friendship, tells “with the easy and naive frankness of the Frenchman” the history of his ancestors, his childhood, adolescence, all his family, property, family relations. Then it is accepted to talk about women. “Despite the fact that all the love stories of Rambale had that character of dirtyness in which the French see the exceptional charm and poetry of love, the captain told all his stories with such sincere conviction that he alone experienced and learned all the delights of love, and so temptingly described women, that Pierre curiously listened to him. “Rambald talks about his last hobby in Poland, about how the subject of his feelings long and painfully chose between duty and passion. Piere remembers about Natasha and begins in response to the Frenchman to tell what he loved all his life and loves only one woman and that this woman can never belong to him. “Pierre says that he” loved this woman from the youngest age, but did not dare to think about her because she was too young, and he was an illegitimate son without a name. Then, when he got his name and wealth, he did not dare to think about her, because he loved her too much, put him too high above the whole world and, therefore, above himself. “The Frenchman does not understand, calls it platonic sense, but more all of Pierre Captain’s story is struck by the fact that Pierre was very rich, that he had two palaces in Moscow, that he left everything and did not leave Moscow, but stayed in the city, hiding his name and rank. At night, Pierre and the Frenchman go out into the street, Pierre sees the beauty and calm surrounding him, but suddenly he remembers his intention to kill Napoleon, he becomes unwell, he goes into the house and after a while falls asleep.
A train of Rostovs reaches Mytischi. At night, people notice a glow of fire over Moscow. Countess, Natasha and the countess make a terrible impression, the countess is crying. Natasha already knows that Prince Andrew is here. In the morning, when she was told about the presence of Prince Andrew and his wound, she decided that she should see him. At night, when the parents fall asleep, Natasha leaves the room and in fear of what Prince Andrew she sees – disfigured, immovable, – goes to where the wounded are. Natasha finds the bed of Prince Andrew, kneels in front of her, and Andrei holds out his hand to her.
From the moment Bolkonsky was wounded, seven days passed, during which he almost constantly remained unconscious. On the seventh day he gets better, but the doctor notes this with some displeasure, because he knows that with the wound of Prince Andrew, it is impossible to survive and that if he does not die now, he will die a little later, but with even greater anguish. Andrei asks Timokhin, the major of his regiment, who is also wounded, whether it is possible to get the Gospel, then again falls into unconsciousness and only repeats that he was given the Gospel. The doctor is surprised that Prince Andrew suffers, because he knows – the pain must be terrible. In the intervals between unconsciousness, Andrei reflects on his life, understands that “he has discovered a new happiness, inherent in man… happiness that is beyond the material forces, outside the material external influences on man, the happiness of one soul, the happiness of love. Any person can understand it, but only one god could understand and prescribe it. “Prince Andrew understands that” this is not the love that loves for anything, for anything or some reason, but the love that he experienced the first time when he saw his enemy (Anatol) when he was dying, and still fell in love with him. “He realizes that true love is to love everything around, everything alive, to love God in all its manifestations.” You can love a dear person love; but only the enemy can be loved by the divine love. “He remembered Natasha and” for the first time he understood the cruelty of his refusal, saw the cruelty of his break with her. “At that moment, Prince Andrew sees Natasha coming to him, realizing that this is real, alive Natasha. She asks to forgive her, Andrei replies that he loves her. “From that day, during all the further travel of the Rostovs, on all the rest and overnight stay, Natasha did not depart from the wounded Bolkonsky, and the doctor had to admit that he did not expect the girl to have such rigor or such art to go after the wounded.”
Pierre wakes up in the house of Joseph Alekseevich, remembers his intention, takes the dagger, abandoning the pistol (too noticeable) and leaves the house. A fire is burning in Moscow. On the road he finds a woman with several children, who, crying, screams that the youngest daughter was left in a burning house. Her husband, an official, does not know what to do. Pierre is called to help. The girl, whom the woman orders to accompany Pierre, takes him to a burning house. Nearby the French are looting, breaking doors, taking away the inhabitants’ good. It’s impossible to approach the house – it is all engulfed in flames. Pierre asks about the child from the French, they take him to the bench, under which lies a girl of three years. Pierre grabs her and runs to the place where he left the official with his wife, but they are no more. Pierre tries to ask about them around, but this does not bring any result, only some woman says that she seems to know the girl’s parents. Pierre sees an Armenian family, to which the French are approaching, one of whom removes boots from an old man, and another tears off a necklace from a young beauty of an Armenian woman. Pierre gives the child to the woman who supposedly knew his parents, and rushes to the French. One escapes, the other Pierre knocks down, begins to strangle. At this time, a mounted French escort appears, Pierre is beaten, searched, finds a dagger and is mistaken for a spy. Pierre is interrogated, he boldly answers the French, does not give his name. Of all the detainees, Pierre seemed the most suspicious, and under strict guard, the French were placed separately. and another tears off the necklace from the young beauty of an Armenian woman. Pierre gives the child to the woman who supposedly knew his parents, and rushes to the French. One escapes, the other Pierre knocks down, begins to strangle. At this time, a mounted French escort appears, Pierre is beaten, searched, finds a dagger and is mistaken for a spy. Pierre is interrogated, he boldly answers the French, does not give his name. Of all the detainees, Pierre seemed the most suspicious, and under strict guard, the French were placed separately. and another tears off the necklace from the young beauty of an Armenian woman. Pierre gives the child to the woman who supposedly knew his parents, and rushes to the French. One escapes, the other Pierre knocks down, begins to strangle. At this time, a mounted French escort appears, Pierre is beaten, searched, finds a dagger and is mistaken for a spy. Pierre is interrogated, he boldly answers the French, does not give his name. Of all the detainees, Pierre seemed the most suspicious, and under strict guard, the French were placed separately. find him a dagger and take for a spy. Pierre is interrogated, he boldly answers the French, does not give his name. Of all the detainees, Pierre seemed the most suspicious, and under strict guard, the French were placed separately. find him a dagger and take for a spy. Pierre is interrogated, he boldly answers the French, does not give his name. Of all the detainees, Pierre seemed the most suspicious, and under strict guard, the French were placed separately.
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