Summary Decameron J. Boccaccio
J. Boccaccio
Decameron
The first day of the Decameron,
“In the sequel, after the author reports on what occasion they gathered and what they talked about, the persons who would act further spoke, the people gathered on the day of Pampinae’s rule talk about what everyone likes more”
In 1348, Florence ” visited the pernicious plague, “killed a hundred thousand people, although before that no one imagined that there were so many residents in the city. Separated family and friendly ties, servants refused to serve the masters, the dead were not buried, but dumped in pits dug in church cemeteries.
And in the midst of misfortune, when the city was almost empty, in the church of Santa Maria Novella, after the divine liturgy, seven young women from eighteen to twenty-eight years old “connected with each other by friendship, neighborhood, kinship”, “sensible, generous, beautiful, well-behaved, captivating in their
Recalling how many young men and girls the terrible plague carried away, Pampinea suggests “decently retiring to suburban estates and filling leisure with all kinds of entertainment.” Leaving the city, where people, in anticipation of their mortal hour, surrendered to lust and debauchery, they will protect themselves from unpleasant experiences, while they themselves will behave morally and with dignity. In Florence, nothing holds them: all of their loved ones died.
The ladies approve the idea of Pampinae, and Philomena proposes to invite men with him, for it is difficult for a woman to live her mind and advice to a man is extremely necessary. She is objected to by Elissa: they say, at this time it is difficult to find reliable companions – close people have died, part of them have left wherever, and
During this conversation, the church includes three young people – Panfilo, Filostrato and Dioneo, all pretty and well-bred, the youngest of whom is at least twenty-five years old. Among the ladies in the church there are also their beloved ones, the rest are related to them. Pampinea immediately suggests inviting them.
Neifil, blushing with embarrassment, expresses himself in the sense that the young men are good and smart, but they are in love with some ladies present, and this can cast a shadow on their society. Filomena, however, objects that the main thing is to live honestly, and the rest will follow.
Young people are pleased with the invitation; having agreed on everything, the girls and boys, accompanied by servants and servants, leave the city the next morning. They arrive in a picturesque area, where a beautiful palace stands, and are located there. The word takes Dioneo, the most gay and witty, offering fun as anyone. He is supported by Pampinae, who suggests that someone should be in charge of them and think about the structure of their lives and amusements. And that everyone knows and cares, and the joys associated with the primacy, and that no one is enviable, you should place this honorable burden in turn on everyone. The first “master” they will select all together, and the follow-up each time before the evening will appoint one who this day was the master. All unanimously elect Pampinae, and Philomena pinned her a laurel wreath on her head,
Having given the necessary orders to the servants and asking everyone to refrain from reporting unpleasant news, Pampinea allows everyone to disperse; After an exquisitely served breakfast everyone is allowed to sing, dance and play musical instruments, and then lie down to rest. At three o’clock, rising from a dream, everyone gathers in a shady corner of the garden, and Pampinea proposes to devote time to stories, “for one narrator is able to occupy all listeners,” allowing the first day to tell “about what everyone likes.” Dioneo asks for himself the right to tell a story of his choice every time to amuse the society, tired of unnecessary mentalization, and this right gets.
The first novel of the First Day (Panfilo’s story)
Often, not daring to turn directly to God, people turn to holy patrons who, during their lifetime, have kept the divine will and are in the heavenly place with the Most High. However, it sometimes happens that people who are led astray by rumor choose such an intercessor in the face of the Almighty, who by Him is condemned to eternal torment. About this “intercessor” and is told in the story.
The main character is Messpar Chepparello from Prato, notary. The wealthy and eminent merchant Mousiatto Frantsezi, having obtained the nobility, moves from Paris to Tuscany with the brother of the French king Carl the Landless, who is summoned there by the pope Boniface. He needs a man to recover debt from the Burgundians, famous for their intractability, maliciousness and dishonesty, which could oppose their insidiousness, and his choice falls on Messer Chapparello, who in France is called Chaleteto. He trades in fabricating false documents and perjury; he is a scoundrel, a brawler, a murderer, a blasphemer, a drunkard, a sodomite, a thief, a robber, a sharper and a malicious dice player. “A worse person than he, maybe, was not born.” In gratitude for the service Mushyatto promises to put in a word in the palace for Chapeleto and give out a fair amount of the sum,
Since there are no cases at Shapeteto, the funds end, and his patron leaves, he “agrees to necessity” agrees – he goes to Burgundy, where no one knows him, and settles at the people of Florence, the usury brothers.
Suddenly he becomes ill, and the brothers, feeling that the end is close, discuss how they should be. You can not drive a sick old man out to the street, but meanwhile he can refuse to confess, and then he can not be buried in a Christian way. If he confesses, then such sins will be revealed, which no priest will let go, and the result will be the same. This can greatly anger the locals who do not approve of their fishing, and lead to a pogrom.
Messer Shapeleto hears the conversation of the brothers and promises to best arrange both their and their affairs.
To the dying lead the famous “holy life” of the elder, and Shapeteto proceeds to confession. When asked when he last confessed, Chapeteto, who never confessed, reports that he does it every week and every time repents of all the sins committed since birth. He insists this time on the general confession. The old man asks if he did not sin with women, and Shapeteto replies: “I am just as virgin as I came out of my mother’s womb.” As for gluttony, the notary acknowledges: his sin was that during the fasting he drank water with the same pleasure as a drunkard wine, and ate with appetite lean food. Speaking about the sin of avarice, Chapeteto states that he donated a significant part of his rich inheritance to the poor, and then, being engaged in trade, he constantly shared with the have-nots. He admits, that he was often angry, looking at how people “every day repair unseemly things, not observing the commandments of the Lord, and the judgments of God are not afraid.” He repents that he cursed, talking about his neighbor, who was constantly beating up his wife; One day he did not immediately count the money earned for the goods, but it turned out that there were more than necessary; unable to find their owner, he used excess for charitable deeds.
Two more insignificant sin of Shapeteto uses as an excuse to read the instruction to the holy father, and then he starts to cry and says that one day he cursed his mother. Seeing his sincere repentance, the monk believes him, lets go of all his sins and recognizes him as a saint, offering to bury him in his monastery.
Listening to the wall of the confession of Shapeleto, the brothers choke with laughter, concluding that “nothing is able to correct his vicious nature:” he has spent his whole life, a villain and dies. “The
coffin with the body of the deceased is transferred to the monastery church, where the confessor decorates parishioners his holiness, and when he is buried in a crypt, pilgrims hurry from all directions and call him Saint Chaleteto and “assert that the Lord through him has already shown many miracles and continues to reveal them to everyone who faithfully resorts to him”
The second novel of the First Day (Neifil’s story).
In Paris, there is a rich merchant Giannotto di Civigny, a kind, honest and fair man who communicates with a Jewish merchant named Abram and is very distressed that the soul of such a worthy person due to unfaithful faith will perish. He begins to persuade Abram to convert to Christianity, proving that Christianity by virtue of its holiness is flourishing and increasingly spreading, and his, Abram’s, faith, diminishes and comes to naught. At first Abram disagrees, but then, listening to the exhortations of a friend, promises to become a Christian, but only after visiting Rome and observing the life of the vicar of God on earth and his cardinals.
This decision casts Giannotto, familiar with the mores of the papal court, discouraged, and he tries to dissuade Abram from the trip, but he insists on his own. In Rome he is convinced that frank debauchery, greed, gluttony, greed, envy, pride and even worse vices flourish at the papal court. Returning to Paris, he announces his intention to be baptized, citing the following argument: the pope, all the cardinals, prelates and courtiers “strive to erase the Christian faith from the face of the earth, and they do it extraordinarily diligently, ingeniously and skillfully,” and yet this belief is all more spreads – hence, it is faithfully supported by the Holy Spirit. Giannotto becomes his godfather and gives him the name Giovanni.
The third novel of the First Day (the story of Filomena)
The story should serve as an illustration of the idea that “stupidity often leads people out of a blissful state and throws evil into the abyss, while the mind removes the wise from the abyss of disasters and grants him a perfect and unbreakable rest.”
The action takes place at the court of Saladin, the Sultan of Babylon, famous for his victories over Christian and Saracenic kings, which treasury was exhausted by frequent wars and excessive luxury. In an attempt to get money, he decides to resort to the help of the Jew Melchizedek, a usurer, and to stealthily obtain the necessary amount from him.
Calling on the Jew, he asks what law he believes to be true: Jewish, Saracenic or Christian. A wise Jew, in order not to be trapped, tells a parable.
One person possessed an expensive ring and, wanting to save him in the family, ordered that the son who received the ring be considered his heir, and the rest would be esteemed him for the elder in the family. So it was in that family. At last the ring passed to the man who loved all three of his sons equally and could not give anybody any preferences. In order not to offend anyone, he ordered two copies of the ring and before his death, secretly from the rest, each son was handed to the ring. After the death of his father, all three claimed the inheritance and honor, in proving the ring, but no one could determine which ring was genuine, and the question of inheritance remained open. The same can be said about the three laws that God the Father gave to three nations: each of them regards himself as the heir, the possessor and executor of the true law,
Realizing that the Jew had avoided the trap with honor, Saladin openly asked him for help, and then, taking the full amount back, brings him closer to him and provides a high and honorable post.
The second day of the Decameron.
“On the day of the Philomena rule, stories are told of how, after all, beyond expectations, everything ended well for people who underwent various tests,”
The First Novella of the Second Day (Neifily’s story)
Morality: “Often one who tries to ridicule others, especially above sacred objects, laughs to himself for harm and himself is ridiculed. “
After the death of a German from Treviso named Arrigo recognized as a saint, and to his relics transferred to the cathedral, lead after the healing of cripples, blind and sick. At this time in Treviso from Florence come three lycee: Stecks, Martellino and Marchese, and they want to look at the relics of the saint.
To break through the crowd, Martellino pretends to be a cripple, which friends lead to the relics. Inside the cathedral, it is placed on the power, and he pretends to be healed – extends the curved arms and legs – but suddenly it finds a Florentine, who reveals all his deception. He begins to be mercilessly beaten, and then Marchese, in order to save his friend, announces to the guards that he allegedly cut off his purse. Martellino grabbed and led to the governor, where some of those present in the cathedral slanders
He, that he and they cut their wallets. A harsh and cruel judge is appointed for the case. Under torture, Martellino agrees to apologize, but on the condition that each of the complainants will indicate where and when his wallet was cut off. Everyone calls a different time, while Martellino has just arrived in this city. He tries to build his defense on this, but the judge does not want to hear anything and is going to hang him on the gallows.
In the meantime, Martellino’s friends ask for intercession to a person who enjoys the trust of the governor. Summoning Martellino to himself and laughing at this adventure, the governor lets all three go home.
The third day of the Decameron.
“On the day of the reign of Neifil, stories are presented about how people, through their ingenuity, achieved what they passionately dreamed of, or they regained the lost.”
Eighth story of the Third Day (Lauretta’s story)
Ferdo loves the wife of a rich peasant, an abbot. He promises her to save her husband from jealousy, and as a reward he asks permission to possess it, assuring her that “holiness is not diminished from that, for it is in the soul,” and he is going to commit the sin of the flesh. The woman agrees.
The abbot pours Fernondo sleepy powder, and he allegedly dies. He is buried in a crypt, from where the abbot, with one trusted monk, takes him to the dungeon. Ferondo, who believes that he was in purgatory, is daily subjected to flogging allegedly for the jealousy shown during his lifetime, and the abbot in the meantime is entertained with his wife. So ten months pass, and suddenly the abbot learns that his mistress is pregnant. Then he decides to release her husband. The monk tells Ferondo that soon he will rise and become the father of the child. Again putting him to sleep, the abbot and the monk return him to the crypt, where he wakes up and begins to call for help. Everyone recognizes that he is risen, why the faith in the sanctity of the abbot increases, and Ferondo is cured of jealousy.
The fourth day of the Decameron.
“On the day of the reign of Philostrato, stories about unhappy love are offered.”
The first novella of the Fourth Day (Fiametta’s story) Gismond
, the daughter of the Prince of Salerne Tankred, soon becomes a widow and, returning to his father’s house, is not in a hurry to get married, but looks after a worthy lover. Her choice falls on Guiscardo, a young man of low birth, but of noble conduct, a servant in his father’s house. Dreaming of a secret meeting, Gismonda gives him a note in which he appoints a meeting in an abandoned cave and explains how to get there. She goes there by an ancient secret staircase. Met in a cave, lovers go to her bedroom, where they spend time. So they meet several times.
Once Tankred comes to her daughter, when she walks in the garden, and, waiting for her, accidentally falls asleep. Without noticing it, Gismond leads Guiscardo into the room, and Tancred becomes a witness to their love affair. Unseen from the room, he orders the servants to grab Guiscardo and imprison him in one of the rooms of the palace.
The next day he goes to his daughter and, accusing her of abandoning herself to the boy of “the darkest origin,” invites her to say something in her defense. A woman is proud, she decides not to ask her father, but to end her life, for she is sure that her beloved is no longer alive. She sincerely confesses her love, explaining her virtues to Guiscardo and the requirements of the flesh, and accusing the father of being in the power of prejudice, he reproaches her not so much for the fall, but as for the ungenerous man. She argues that true nobility is not in origin, but in deeds, and even poverty indicates only lack of means, but not nobility. Taking all the blame on herself, she asks her father to do the same to her as he did to Guiscardo, otherwise he promises to take care of himself.
Tankred does not believe that the daughter is able to carry out the threat, and, taking the heart from the breast of the murdered Guiscardo, sends him to Gismond in a gold cup. Gismond turns to the beloved’s heart with the words that the enemy gave him a tomb worthy of his valor. After washing his heart with
Tears and pressing it to his chest, she pours poison into the cup and drinks a poison to the drop. Repentant Tankred fulfills the last will of his daughter and buries lovers in one tomb.
The fifth day of the Decameron.
“On the day of Fiametta’s reign, stories are presented about how the happiness of the”
Fifth novel of the Fifth Day “(the story of Neifilah) was smiling after the troubles and misadventures in the end,
Gvidotto of Cremona fosters an adopted daughter Agnes; after death, he entrusts her to the cares of his friend, Giacomino of Pavia, who moves with the girl to Faenza. Two young men are wedded to her there; Giannola di Severino and Mingino di Mingole. They are refused, and they decide to kidnap the girl by force, for which they conspire with the servants of Giacomino. One day, Giacomino leaves the house in the evening. Young men make their way there, and a fight starts between them. The guards come running to the noise and take them to prison.
Next morning, relatives ask Giacomino not to file a complaint against the reckless youngsters. He agrees, stating that the girl is a native of Faenza, but he does not know whose daughter she is. He only knows in what house during the plundering of the city the troops of Emperor Frederick discovered a girl. On the scar over his left ear Father Giannole Bernabuchcho finds out in Agnes daughter. The ruler of the city releases both young men from prison, reconciles them among themselves and gives Agnesu in marriage to Mingino.
The sixth day of the Decameron.
“On the day of Elissa’s reign, stories about how people, hurt by someone’s joke, were paid with the same or quick and resourceful answers prevented loss, danger and dishonor.”
The first novella of the Sixth Day (the story of Filomena)
Once, the noble Florentine Donna Oretta, the wife of Jeri Spina, was walking in her estate with the ladies and men invited to her dinner, and since to the place where they were going to
walk, it was far away, one of her companions offered: “Let me, Donna Oretha, tell you the story of the story, and you will not notice how you will reach, as if you were almost all the time riding a horse. ” However, the narrator was so incompetent and so hopelessly spoiled the story that Donna Orella suffered from this physical discomfort. “Messer, your horse is very stumbling.” Be kind, let me go, “the lady said with a charming smile. Sputnik “immediately caught the hint, wrapped it in jest, the very first laughed and hurried to move on to other topics,” and not finishing the story started.
The seventh day of the Decameron.
“On the day of the reign of Dioneo, stories about things that for the sake of love or for the sake of their salvation they get up with their witty and unintelligent husbands,” The
Seventh Story of the Seventh Day (Philomena ‘s story) “The
young inhabitant of Paris, Lodovico, the son of a wealthy noble Florentine, serves at the court of the French king and one day from the knights who visited the holy places, hears of the beauty of Donna Beatrice, the wife of Egano de Galuzzi from Bologna. In absentia falling in love with her, he asks his father to let him go on a pilgrimage, and he secretly arrives in Bologna. Seeing Donna Beatrice, he at first sight falls in love with her and decides to stay in Bologna, until he achieves reciprocity, for which he enters the service of Egano under the name of Anikino and soon comes to trust in him.
One day, when Egano goes hunting, Anikino opens Beatrice’s feelings. Beatrice responds to him in return and invites her to enter the room at night. Since he knows from which side of the bed she is sleeping, she suggests touching her if she is sleeping, and then all his dreams will come true.
At night, having felt the touch of Anikino, Beatrice grabs his hand and starts to turn in bed so that Egano wakes up. Anikino, fearing a trap, tries to escape, but Beatrice holds him tight, while telling her husband that his supposedly most faithful servant Anikino has appointed her a meeting at midnight in the garden.
Offering her husband to test the loyalty of the servant, she forces him to dress up in her dress and go out into the garden, which he does.
Having fully enjoyed his lover, Beatrice sends him to the garden with a huge club, so that he properly warmed Egano. Anikino falls on the master with the words: “So you came here, imagining that I was going and am going to deceive my master?”
Struggling away, Egano resorts to his wife and tells that Anikino, it turns out, was going to try it. “He is so devoted to you that you can not help loving him and not respecting him,” says his wife. So Egano is convinced of his loyal servants and his wife, and thanks to this case, Beatrice and Anikino many times indulge in amorous pleasures.
The eighth day of the Decameron.
“On the day of Lauretta’s rule, stories are offered about what things a woman with a man, a man with a woman and a man with a man daily do”
The tenth novel of the Eighth Day (Dioneo’s story)
In Palermo, as in other port cities, there is an order by which merchants who come to the city hand over goods for storage in a warehouse called customs. Customs officers allocate a special room for the goods and enter the goods with the value in the customs book, due to which women of dishonest behavior easily learn about the means of the merchant, then lure him into love networks and clean up the thread.
Once in Palermo on behalf of the owners with a large number of fabrics arrives Florentine named Niccolo da Cignano, nicknamed Salabaetto. Having handed over the goods to the warehouse, he goes for a walk around the city, and he is aware of a certain Donna Jankofiore, aware of his financial situation. Through the vault she appoints a young man a date, and when he comes, he pleases him in every possible way. They meet several times, she gives him gifts, without demanding anything in return, and finally learns that he sold the goods. Then she takes it even more affectionately, then leaves the room and returns in tears, telling her that her brother demands to send him immediately a thousand florins, otherwise his head will be chopped off. Believing that before him a rich and decent woman who would return the debt, he gave her five hundred florins, earned for the cloth. Having received the money, Yankofiore immediately loses interest in him,
To escape from the persecution of the owners who demand money, he leaves for Naples, where everything tells the treasurer of the Empress of Constantinople and his friend Pietro dello Canigiano, who offers him a plan of action.
Packing a lot of bales and buying twenty barrels of olive oil, Salabaetto returns to Palermo, where he delivers the goods to the warehouse, announcing to the customs officers that he will not touch this lot until the next one arrives. Having sniffed that the arrived goods cost at least two thousand florins, and the expected one – more than three, Yankofiore sends for the merchant.
Salabaetto pretends to be pleased with the invitation, and confirms the rumors about the value of his goods. To win the confidence of the young man, she returns his debt, and he enjoys spending time with her.
One day he comes to her dejected and says that he must pay off from the corsairs who seized the second batch of goods, otherwise the goods will be taken to Monaco. Jankofiore suggests that he take money from a familiar moneylender at high interest rates, and Salabaetto realizes that she is going to lend him his own money. He agrees, promising to ensure the payment of the debt by the goods in the warehouse, which will immediately be transferred to the name of the lender. The next day, the trusted broker Jankofiore gives Salabaetto a thousand florins, and he, having paid off his debts, leaves for Ferrara.
After making sure that Salabaetto is not in Palermo, Jankofiore tells the broker to break the warehouse – in the barrels is sea water, and in the bales – the tow. Remaining in a fool, she understands that “as it turns up, it will respond.”
The ninth day of the Decameron.
“On the day of the reign of Emilia, everyone tells about anything and what he likes more”
The third novel of the Ninth Day (the story of Philostrato)
Aunt leaves the painter Calandrino a legacy of two hundred lire, and he is going to buy the estate, as if he does not understand that “bought
This amount of land is enough only to make balls from it to mold. “His friends Bruno and Buffalmacco want to co-finance these money and send Nello to him who tells Calandrino that he looks bad.” The same is confirmed by Buffalmacco and Bruno, according to their advice Calandrino goes to bed and sends the urine to the doctor for analysis, Dr. Simone, whom his friends warned, informs Calandrino that he became pregnant. “Do not be shy of the doctor, Calandrino yells at his wife:” It’s all because of the fact that you are sure to x chesh be on top! “The doctor promises terrified Calandrino save him from pregnancy for six plump capons and five liras a trifle. The friends of the soul feasting, and three days later the doctor said Calandrino that he is healthy. Calandrino extols the virtues of Dr. Simone
The tenth day of the Decameron.
“On the day of the reign of Panfilo, stories about people who showed generosity and generosity both in heart and in other matters” are presented on the day of Panfilo’s reign. ”
The tenth novel of the Tenth Day (Dioneo’s story) of the
Young Gwaltieri, the eldest of the Marquis of Salutstski, subjects persuade to marry in order to continue family, and even offer to find him a bride, but he agrees to marry only of his choice. He marries a poor peasant girl named Griselda, warning her that she will have to please him in everything; she should not be angry with him for anything and should obey him in everything. The girl turns out to be charming and courteous, she is obedient and attentive to her husband, affectionate with her subjects, and everyone loves her, recognizing her high virtues.
Meanwhile, Gualtieri decides to try Griselda’s patience and reproaches her for not having given birth to a son, but to a daughter, which greatly upset the courtiers, who were already allegedly dissatisfied with her low background. A few days later, he sends a servant to her, who announces that he has an order to kill her daughter. The servant brings the girl Gvaltieri, and he sends her to the upbringing of a relative in Bologna, asking not to tell anyone, whose daughter it is.
After a while, Griselda gives birth to a son, whom her husband also takes away from her, and then tells her that at the insistence of his subjects he is forced to marry another and expel her. She submits resignedly to her son, who is sent to be educated there, where she is also a daughter.
Some time later, Gualtieri shows all the false letters in which the pope allegedly allows him to part with Griselda and marry another, and Griselda submissively, in one shirt, returns to her parents’ house. Gwaltieri also spreads rumors that he is marrying the daughter of Count Panago, and sends for Griselda, so that she, like a servant, sets the house in order for the arrival of guests. When the “bride” arrives – and Gualtieri decides to give his own daughter as a bride – Griselda welcomes her cordially,
Making sure that the patience of Griselda inexhaustible, touched by the fact that it says only good things about a girl who should replace her on the marriage bed, it is recognized that simply gave Griselda check and announces that his imaginary fiancee and her brother – their own children. He brings his father Griselda, the farmer Giannucola, who has since lived in his house, as befits a Marquis’s father-in-law. Gaultieri’s daughter is looking for an enviable party, and her husband, Griselda, honors her extremely high and lives with her happily ever after. “Hence the consequence that in the poor huts inhabited heavenly creatures, but in the royal palaces there are creatures, which would be more suitable to feed the pigs than to command people.”
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