War of the Roses and the White Rose. The Civil War of 1455-1485

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1. England in the XIV-XV centuries. The War of the Roses and the White Roses In 1348, the English people experienced an epidemic of plague – “black death”, which claimed almost a third of the country’s population. Feudal lords, rich merchants and craftsmen faced the problem of shortage of workers and preservation of old wages. To satisfy their interests, royal power in the second half of the XIV century. issued […]...
2. First Plantagenets. Henry II. Richard the Lionheart William the Conqueror made England a powerful state. But it became more powerful under the dynasty Plantagenet. With the death in 1135 of King Henry I, the youngest son of William the Conqueror, the Norman dynasty ended. A fierce struggle for power broke out in England. Barons no longer obeyed the king, built their own […]...
3. The Board of the First Plantagenets In 1154 the king of England became the great-grandson of William the Conqueror Count of Anjou Henry II Plantagenet. He became the founder of the Plantagenet dynasty. Henry II owned considerable territories in France, which, with its ascent, the patron were annexed to England. It is clear that such a huge state was not easy […]...
4. The Hundred Years War of 1337-1453 After the death of Philip IV, three of his sons died one after the other under mysterious circumstances. The grandees proclaimed King Philip VI Long – a representative of the genus Valois. He wrote in 1328 the royal dynasty of Valois, which existed in France until 1589. However, the new dynasty was not lucky. Philip […]...
5. Biography of Pete Rose Pete Rose is a baseball player, born April 14, 1941 in Cincinnati, Ohio. Most known as an athlete, who was forbidden to engage in baseball because of his passion for gambling. Pete Rose is one of the greatest professional players in the history of baseball. But along with this, the biography of Pete Rose is […]...
6. The emergence of the English Parliament Henry III did not fulfill the obligations, therefore in 1263 a civil war broke out in England. The army of Simon de Montfort defeated the royal army, captured Henry III and Crown Prince. In the beginning of 1265 Simon de Montfort actually became the dictator of England. To strengthen his power, he convened the Supreme […]...
7. The beginning of the Hundred Years War After the death of Philip IV the Beautiful, the French throne belonged to three of his sons for 15 years. However, none of them left their heirs, and in 1328 the rule of the Capetian dynasty ceased. On the throne, the representative of her younger branch, Philip VI Valois, ascended. The British King Edward III […]...
8. The Magna Carta and the emergence of the English Parliament King John, as a result of the unsuccessful war for England with Philip II August, lost in France most of the patrimonial possessions of the Plantagenets. Therefore, contemporaries called John a derogatory nickname Landless. Military defeat, the constant extortion of “shield money” caused the subjects genuine hatred for the king. The situation was aggravated by […]...
9. The feat of Joan of Arc In 1359, John II, who was brought to London, Dobry signed a difficult peace treaty for France, according to which almost half of the country was transferred to Edward III, and for himself undertook to pay a considerable ransom. His son Dauphin Karl refused to accept the terms of the treaty. Then Edward III landed […]...
10. Executive Summary Richard III William Shakespeare Richard III When Richard was born, a storm ravaged the trees. Foreshadowing timelessness, the owl screamed and the owl wept, the dogs howled, the crows crowed ominously and the magpies chattered. In the most difficult births there was born a formless ball, from which his own mother recoiled in horror. The baby was […]...
11. Summary of the Rose and the Cross A. A. Blok The Rose and the Cross The action takes place in the XIII century. in France, in Languedoc and Brittany, where the uprising of the Albigoys, against which the Pope organizes the crusade, is beginning to flare up. The army, designed to help the overlords, is moving from the north. The play begins […]...
12. “Richard III” of Shakespeare in brief summary When Richard was born, a storm ravaged the trees. Foreshadowing timelessness, the owl screamed and the owl wept, the dogs howled, the crows crowed ominously and the magpies chattered. In the most difficult births there was born a formless ball, from which his own mother recoiled in horror. The baby was a humpback, a crib, […]...
13. Civil war composition The beginning of the 20th century was a time of terrible shocks for Russia. For some twenty years there were three revolutions, the country was dragged into the First World War! Twenty years is an infinitesimal time for history, but the events of this time radically changed our country. And the most severe test of […]...
14. Abstract: A novel about Rose The author of the first part of the poem is Guillaume de Lorris (circa 1230-1240), the second is Jean de Men (circa 1250-1305) The poet sees in a dream how he, walking in the early May morning, goes out of town to listen to the singing of a nightingale and a lark, and faces the […]...
15. “The novel about Rose” in brief The author of the first part of the poem – Guillaume de Lorris, the second – Jean de Men First part The poet sees in a dream how he, walking in the early May morning, goes out of town to listen to the singing of a nightingale and a lark, and faces the impregnable walls […]...
16. “The Rose and the Cross” Bloc in brief The action takes place in the XIII century. in France, in Languedoc and Brittany, where the uprising of the Albigoys, against which the Pope organizes the crusade, is beginning to flare up. The army, designed to help the overlords, is moving from the north. The play begins with a scene in the courtyard of the […]...
17. France in the flames of uprisings England demanded a colossal ransom for King John II of Good. The General States were called, as was to be the case, so that they agreed to collect the redemption amount. But the General States this time showed a character – demanded that the collection of taxes be carried out under their control and that […]...
18. Summary “The Name of the Rose” Eco The events described in the novel take place in the 14th century AD in a medieval Italian monastery. In the rich Benedictine monastery comes the famous religious figure of that time Wilhelm Baskervilsky with his assistant Adson Otrantsky (it is from his words that we are presented with all that has happened). Wilhelm arrived at […]...
19. Interesting facts from the history of the Middle Ages There were also purely children’s entertainment. Every year puppets brought puppies to the school for Shrovetide. And instead of sitting in class, the kids all morning watched the cockfighting. To medieval children’s theatrical representations it is possible to carry and unusual ceremony with “the boy-bishop”. On the day of St. Nicholas or St.. Innocent in […]...
20. Biography of Edward Burne-Jones Sir Edward Burne-Jones – English artist, designer, was born in Birmingham. Bern-Jones enrolled in Exeter College, Oxford. There he met William Morris, who became his lifelong friend. Edward left college to study painting in London with Rossetti. Early works of Bern-Jones show the influence on the artist of the Rossetti style, which was later replaced […]...
21. Summary of “Golden Rose” by Paustovsky Precious dust The scavenger Jean Shamet removes the craft workshops in the Paris suburb. Serving as a soldier during the Mexican War, Shamet fell ill with a fever, and he was sent home. The regimental commander instructed Chamette to take her eight-year-old daughter Susanna to France. All the way, Shamet took care of the girl, […]...
22. “The name of the Rose” Eco in brief In the hands of the future translator and publisher of “Notes of Father Adson from Melk” fall in Prague in 1968. The title page of the French book of the middle of the last century means that it is a translation from the Latin text of the XVII century, allegedly reproducing, in turn, the manuscript, […]...
23. Summary “Henry IV” After false reports of victory, Earl of Northumberland finally learns that his son Hotsper was killed in the Battle of Shrewsbury and that the Royal Army, led by the second son of King John Lancaster and Earl Westmoreland, is heading towards him. The Earl decides to unite his troops with the forces of the rebellious […]...
24. Composition on the topic “Civil War” The civil battle, in my opinion, is the most brutal and bloody battle, because in it sometimes close people who once lived in one whole, one country, who believed in one God and adhered to certain ideals, are fighting. How does it happen that native people rise on different sides of the barricades and how […]...
25. What is the civil position of a person The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that every person has obligations to the state, in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible. A citizen who wants to live in a democratic society that wants to be the master of his life always shows his Civil position. This position requires, […]...
26. In what we are all equal, although different. Diversity of life in civil society Each person has the ability and inclinations, his faith and spiritual values, occupies a certain position in society, works better or worse, acquires – due to natural abilities or his own choice – those or other features that distinguish him from other people. So, each person is unique and unique. Therefore, although we are all […]...
27. Viking cruelty. Alfred the Great Germans cruelly treated the Celts, but they themselves suffered from the cruelty of the Vikings, especially the Danes. From the end of the VIII to the middle of the X century. the north-eastern part of England was devastated by the Danes, who left no stone on it. Medieval author sadly reported that the Danes killed […]...
28. Why is the moral of civil society called humanistic With the emergence of man, certain norms of his behavior arise concerning himself, other people and society as a whole: customs, traditions, rules. Moral norms allow us to evaluate people’s actions from the point of view of good and evil. The norms of morality offer the ideal of human behavior. The embodiment of this ideal […]...
29. The composition of Vrubel’s painting “The Rose in a Glass” The rose in the glass is one of Vrubel’s best drawings made by him in the hospital. The artist claimed that the basis of all beauty is “a form that is created by nature for ever: it is the bearer of the soul that opens to you and tells you yours.” This means that I […]...
30. Summary Ivan Ivanovich Dzerzhinsky. Rose Virgin Soil UPGRADED PRECISION Opera in four acts (eight scenes) Libretto by LI Dzerzhinsky Characters: Davydov Nagulnov Makar Lushka, his wife Grandfather Shchukar Lyubishkin Islander Jacob Polovtsev Damaskov Frol Timothy, his son Bannik Khoprov Wife of Khoprov Ulyana An old man with a cigar Cossack with a newspaper The fucking guy 2nd guy Cossack 2 peasants 2 […]...
31. England and the Vikings In the 60-ies of IX century. Vikings, mostly Danes, began to conquer Britain. They captured a significant territory in the north-east of the country and forced the Anglo-Saxons south. The subsequent advancement of the Normans in this direction was suspended under King Alfred the Great. The king defeated the Danes and concluded a peace treaty […]...
32. Biography of Richard Petty Richard Petty – racing driver, was born July 2, 1937 in the city of Left Cross, North Carolina. Best known as a seven-time race winner in Dayton for 500 miles. Among the NASCAR fans, Richard Petty is known as the “King” and the driver of the old 43 cars. In the biography of Richard Petty […]...
33. Strengthening of royal power in France In the X century. the western part of the former empire of Charlemagne was already called, not by Gaul, but by France. But France was not a centralized state at that time. In the IX-X centuries. it was the first in Western Europe to split into a number of independent possessions – the duchies of […]...
34. “Ozma from Oz” Bauma in summary Dorothy and Uncle Henry sail on a steamer to Australia. Suddenly a terrible storm rises. Waking up, Dorothy can not find Uncle Henry in the cabin and decides that he went on deck. In fact, Uncle Henry slept, covering himself with his head, but Dorothy did not notice him. Once on deck, the girl grabs […]...
35. Summary of Ozma from Oz LF Baum Ozma from Oz Dorothy and Uncle Henry sail on a steamer to Australia. Suddenly a terrible storm rises. Waking up, Dorothy can not find Uncle Henry in the cabin and decides that he went on deck. In fact, Uncle Henry slept, covering himself with his head, but Dorothy did not notice him. Once […]...
36. Germany – the next empire. Otto I the Great The territory of Germany, inhabited by German, Roman and Slavic tribes, was first part of the Frankish Empire. After this empire fell, the local feudal lords elected Henry I as their king in 919. Germany, thus, became a separate state, but divided into several large self-governing regions: Alemania, Bavaria, Franconia and Saxony. After Henry I, […]...
37. “The History of Henry Esmond” by Thackeray in brief summary Events take place in England at the very beginning of the eighteenth century, during the reign of Queen Anne, the last of the Stuart dynasty. Anna does not have children, and therefore after her death, the throne must go to representatives of another dynasty – Hanover. However, the court party and the military circles want […]...
38. “Magna Carta”. King John the Landless Henry II left his heirs strong royal power. But right after his death they faced serious challenges. The war with France, England, in the end, lost. The scapegoats for this and other setbacks were made by the barons of John the Landless, the youngest son of Henry II. This king, as luck would have, quarreled […]...
39. Biography of Richard Gasquet Richard Gasquet – tennis player, was born on June 18, 1986 in Beziers, France. Biography of Richard Gasquet is known as a gifted French tennis player who won the French doubles championship in 2002. Richard Gasquet confirmed his extraordinary abilities at the age of 12 years. Then he won Les Petit – “unofficial world junior […]...
40. Brief History of Henry Esmond W. M. Thackeray History of Henry Esmond Events take place in England at the very beginning of the 18th century, during the reign of Queen Anne, the last of the Stuart dynasty. Anna does not have children, and therefore after her death, the throne must go to representatives of another dynasty – Hanover. However, the […]...