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The economy of the North Caucasus
1. List all branches of the agricultural specialization of the European South. What was the basis for their development?
The region occupies a leading position in Russia in terms of the gross harvest of sunflower, sugar beet, fruits and berries, gross grain harvest, as well as the sheep and goat population. Almost all agricultural products are processed locally. In some cases, the capacities of food industry enterprises are so great that they allow using not only local raw materials, for example, the sugar industry processes imported raw sugar.
The basis for the development of these branches of agriculture was favorable agroclimatic conditions. Large amounts of active temperatures, sufficient moisture or favorable conditions for artificial irrigation.
2. Give examples of products of the food industry of the North Caucasus, which you bought, used or saw on sale.
The region gives the country a significant part of sugar beet, rice, grain, vegetables, fruits and
3. What other area of Russia from the ones you have already studied is similar in its specialization to the North Caucasus?
Three special barns of Russia – Central Chernozem, Volga and North-Caucasian regions, are similar in agricultural specialization. But in the industrial structure of the North Caucasus, the share of the food industry is much higher. Comparison of the regions according to Table 2 of the textbook appendix will show that the North Caucasus is allocated, as well as the Central Black Earth region, by the development of the electric power industry.
4. Do the contrasts of natural conditions affect the economic activities of the area? Give examples.
The socio-economic map will help you to answer this question. In the North Caucasus, 11 agricultural areas are allocated. Certainly, such a variety is due to the contrasts of natural conditions. Tea plantations and vegetable growing in the subtropics border on mountain areas of sheep breeding and cattle breeding, with foci of farming. Rice fields in the delta of the Kuban are located relatively close to the regions of pasture sheep breeding and herd cattle in semi-desert landscapes.
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